http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Nov 4, 1956: Soviets put brutal end to Hungarian revolution
A spontaneous national uprising that began 12 days before in Hungary is viciously crushed by Soviet tanks and troops on this day in 1956. Thousands were killed and wounded and nearly a quarter-million Hungarians fled the country.
The problems in Hungary began in October 1956, when thousands of protesters took to the streets demanding a more democratic political system and freedom from Soviet oppression. In response, Communist Party officials appointed Imre Nagy, a former premier who had been dismissed from the party for his criticisms of Stalinist policies, as the new premier. Nagy tried to restore peace and asked the Soviets to withdraw their troops. The Soviets did so, but Nagy then tried to push the Hungarian revolt forward by abolishing one-party rule. He also announced that Hungary was withdrawing from the Warsaw Pact (the Soviet bloc's equivalent of NATO).
On November 4, 1956, Soviet tanks rolled into Budapest to crush, once and for all, the national uprising. Vicious street fighting broke out, but the Soviets' great power ensured victory. At 5:20 a.m., Hungarian Prime Minister Imre Nagy announced the invasion to the nation in a grim, 35-second broadcast, declaring: "Our troops are fighting. The Government is in place." Within hours, though, Nagy sought asylum at the Yugoslav Embassy in Budapest. He was captured shortly thereafter and executed two years later. Nagy’s former colleague and imminent replacement, János Kádár, who had been flown secretly from Moscow to the city of Szolnok, 60 miles southeast of the capital, prepared to take power with Moscow's backing.
The Soviet action stunned many people in the West. Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev had pledged a retreat from the Stalinist policies and repression of the past, but the violent actions in Budapest suggested otherwise. An estimated 2,500 Hungarians died and 200,000 more fled as refugees. Sporadic armed resistance, strikes and mass arrests continued for months thereafter, causing substantial economic disruption. Inaction on the part of the United States angered and frustrated many Hungarians. Voice of America radio broadcasts and speeches by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles had recently suggested that the United States supported the "liberation" of "captive peoples" in communist nations. Yet, as Soviet tanks bore down on the protesters, the United States did nothing beyond issuing public statements of sympathy for their plight.
Nov 4, 1995: Yitzhak Rabin assassinated
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is fatally shot after attending a peace rally held in Tel Aviv's Kings Square in Israel. Rabin later died in surgery at Ichilov Hospital in Tel Aviv.
The 73-year-old prime minister was walking to his car when he was shot in the arm and the back by Yigal Amir, a 27-year-old Jewish law student who had connections to the far-right Jewish group Eyal. Israeli police arrested Amir at the scene of the shooting, and he later confessed to the assassination, explaining at his arraignment that he killed Rabin because the prime minister wanted "to give our country to the Arabs."
Born in Jerusalem, Rabin was a leader of the Arab-Israeli war of 1948 and served as chief-of-staff of Israel's armed forces during the Six-Day War of 1967. After serving as Israel's ambassador to the United States, Rabin entered the Labour Party and became prime minister in 1974. As prime minister, he conducted the negotiations that resulted in a 1974 cease-fire with Syria and the 1975 military disengagement agreement between Israel and Egypt. In 1977, Rabin resigned as prime minister over a scandal involving his holding of bank accounts in the United States in violation of Israeli law. From 1984 to 1990, he served as his country's defense minister.
In 1992, Rabin led the Labour Party to election victory and became Israel's prime minister again. In 1993, he signed the historic Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles with Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat and in 1994 concluded a formal peace agreement with the Palestinians. In October 1994, Rabin and Arafat shared the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Israeli foreign minister Shimon Peres. One year later, Rabin was assassinated. Peres succeeded him as prime minister.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
922 - Richarius becomes bishop of Luik
1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in
Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
1501 - Philip de Blank & Juana "la Loca"
depart to Spain
1519 - Flood ravages Dutch/Friese coast
1520 - Danish/Norwegian king Christian II crowned king of
Sweden
1529 - English cardinal Thomas Wolsey arrested
1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spanish defeat
Walloon and captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
1619 - Frederik V crowned king of Bohemia
1631 - Ferdinand of Austria installed as land guardian of S
Netherlands
1645 - Prince Frederik Henry conquerors Holly
1646 - Massachusetts uses death penalty for denying that
Holy Bible is God's word
1675 - Storm hits Western Europe: flood in Amsterdam
1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.
1771 - Carlo Goldoni's "Le Bourru Bienfaisant,"
premieres in Paris
1783 - W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is premiered in Linz,
Austria.
1839 - The Newport Rising is the last large-scale armed
rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
1841 - 1st wagon train arrives in California
1845 - 1st nationally observed uniform election day in US
1846 - Benjamin Palmer patents artificial leg
1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour becomes the prime
minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.
1854 - Lighthouse built on Alcatraz Island
US President James Buchanan 1856 - James Buchanan elected
15th US president
1861 - University of Washington founded in Seattle
1862 - Dr Richard Gatling patents Gatling machine gun
(Indianapolis)
1864 - Confederate assault on Johnsonville, Tennessee
1864 - Naval Engagement at Reynoldsburg Island
1866 - Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia
1867 - 90 kegs of powder used to get rock from Telegraph
Hill for seawall
1873 - Dentist John Beers of SF patents gold crown
1874 - Samuel J Tilden elected governor of NY
1875 - Passenger Steamship "Pacific" collides with
sailing vessel "Orpheus" off Cape Flattery Wash, 236 die
1875 - Tonga adopts constitution
1876 - John Brahms' 1st Symphony in C, premieres
1879 - Elkins patents refrigerating apparatus
1879 - James Ritty patents 1st cash register, to combat
stealing by bartenders in his Dayton, Ohio saloon
1884 - Grover Cleveland (D) beats James G Blaine (R) for his
1st presidential term. The only American president to serve 2 non-consecutive
terms
US President Grover Cleveland 1886 - Edward MacDowell's
"Ophelia," premieres
1889 - Players League begins, declaring independence from
baseball's NL
1890 - Great Britain proclaims Zanzibar as a protectorate
1890 - Prince of Wales opens 1st underground station
(Stockwell, London)
1890 - St Aleksandr Borodons opera "Prins Igor,"
premieres in Petersburg
1893 - Dr Jamesons Legertje occupies Bulawayo Matabeleland
1901 - Clyde Fitch' "Way of the World," premieres
in NYC
1904 - 1st stadium built specifically for football (Harvard
Stadium)
1905 - Dock strike against importing grain elevators in
Rotterdam
1908 - Brooklyn Academy of Music, opens in NYC
1909 - Opera "Il Segreto di Susanna" is produced
(Munich)
1910 - Start of South Africa's 1st F-C game in Aust (v S
Aust). It rained
1911 - France & Germany signs treaty about Morocco &
Congo
1914 - Soviet Union declares war on Turkey
1914 - Vogue holds 1st model show ("Fashion Fete,"
NYC)
1918 - Kiel in hands of revolutionary sailors
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler 1921 - The
Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler
1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated
in Tokyo.
1922 - Howard Carter discovers tomb of Tutankhamen in Egypt
1924 - British Labour government of Ramsay MacDonald resigns
1924 - California legalizes professional boxing (illegal
since 1914)
1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross elected 1st US female gov
(Wyoming)
1924 - US president Calvin Coolidge re-elected
1928 - Jose Moncada elected president of Nicaragua
1929 - John Baldridge' "Berkeley Square,"
premieres in NYC
1931 - Jean Genet's "Judith," premieres in Paris
1933 - Bradman scores 200 NSW v Queensland, 184 mins, 26
fours
1933 - Hermann Goering & Georgi Dimitrov duel
1933 - Young Park (1) in the Bronx named in honor of James
Young
1934 - Pitts ends Detroit Lions' shutout streak at 7 games
but loses 40-7
1939 - 1940 Olympics awarded to Helsinki, Finland
Nazi Politician Hermann Goering 1939 - 1st air conditioned
automobile (Packard) exhibited, Chicago, Ill
1939 - US allows "cash & carry" arms sales
during WW II
1940 - Eggs & cake rationed in Netherlands
1942 - 13th day of battle at El Alamein: Afrika Korps draws
back out Fuka-posing
1943 - France arrests government of Lebanon
1944 - German troops reconquer Schmidt Hurtgenwald
1944 - RAF bombs Dinteloord, 54 killed
1946 - "Park Avenue" opens at Shubert Theater NYC
for 72 performances
1946 - UN Educational, Scientific, & Cultural
Organization formed
1948 - TS Eliot wins Nobel Prize for literature
1949 - "One Man's Family" premieres on TV
1950 - "Barrier" closes at Broadhurst Theater NYC
after 4 performances
1950 - "Consul" closes at Barrymore Theater NYC
after 269 performances
1950 - Indonesian troops reconquer Ambonese capital Ambon
1950 - US troops vacate Pyongyang North Korea
1951 - 9th Ryder Cup: US wins 9½-2½ at Pinehurst Resort
(Pinehurst, North Carolina, US)
1951 - NY Giants & NY Yanks score back-to-back TDs on
kickoff returns
1951 - Vijay Merchant scores 154 v England in his last Test
Cricket innings
1952 - Earthquake & flood strike Kamshatka-South America
1952 - General Dwight Eisenhower (R) elected 34th pres
beating Adlai Stevenson (D)
1953 - Eddie Joost succeeds Jimmy Dykes as the manager of
Phila A's
1953 - New balk rule gives the batter option; of accepting
the outcome of the pitch or the balk
1954 - "Fanny" opens at Majestic Theater NYC for
888 performances
1954 - Philadelphia A's move to Kansas City
1955 - The rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with Ludwig
van Beethoven's Fidelio after it was totally destroyed in World War II.
1956 - 200,000 Russian troops attack anti-Stalinist revolt
in Budapest
1956 - Israel captures Straits of Tiran & reach Suez
Canal Egypt
1956 - USSR sends tanks into Hungary & threatens to bomb
Budapest
1957 - 2nd Soviet Earth-satellite launched
262nd Pope John XXIII 1958 - Angelo G Roncalli crowned as
pope John XXIII
1958 - Belgian government of Eyskens, resigns
1958 - Democrats win US congressional election
1959 - Ernie Banks, Cubs shortstop, wins 2nd consecutive NL
MVP
1960 - "Misfits" premieres, final movie for Clark
Gable & Marilyn Monroe
1961 - Karamanlis becomes premier of Greece
1962 - Murle Lindstrom wins LPGA San Antonio Civitan Golf
Tournament
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston
Island
1963 - John Lennon utters his infamous "Rattle your
jewellery" line
1965 - Lee Breedlove sets female land speed record (308.56
MPH) in Utah
1966 - Flooding of Arno River (Italy) destroys countless art
works, kills 113
1968 - Battles between Jordan army & Al Fatah-arm forces
1968 - WRDU (now WPTF) TV chan 28 in Raleigh-Durham, NC
(NBC) 1st broadcast
1968 - WTOG TV channel 44 in St Petersburg-Tampa, FL (IND)
1st broadcast
1970 - Russian nuclear physicist Sacharov forms Human Rights
Comittee
Musician and Beatle John Lennon 1970 - Genie, a 13 year old
feral child was found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her
bedroom for most of her life.
1972 - Bangladesh adopts constitution
1972 - Kings score 3 goals within 45 seconds against
Islanders
1973 - 1000s commemorates former premier Georgios Papandreou
1973 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Lady Errol Golf Classic
1973 - M Medoff's "When you Comin' Back, Red
Ryder?," premieres in NYC
1973 - New Orleans Saints 1st shutout victory, 13-0 vs
Buffalo Bills
1973 - The Netherlands experiences the first Car Free Sunday
caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are deserted and are solely used by
cyclists and roller skaters.
1975 - Orioles Jim Palmer wins his 2nd Cy Young Award
1976 - 1st mass-market free-agent reentry draft, Reggie
Jackson, Joe Rudi, Gullett, Tenace, Fingers, Baylor, Grich & McCovey,
available
1977 - UN Security council proclaims weapon embargo against
South Africa
1978 - Iranian troops fire on anti-Shah student protesters
by Tehran U
1978 - Islanders start 15 game undefeated streak (12-0-3)
1978 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern
Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1978 - 3rd annual reentry free-agent draft, Pete Rose, Tommy
John, & Darrell Evans, available
1979 - 63 Americans taken hostage at US Embassy (Teheran,
Iran)
1979 - 500 Iranian "students" seize US embassy,
take 90 hostages (444 days)
1980 - Islanders start 15 game undefeated streak (13-0-2)
1980 - Libyan invasion in Chad
US President & Actor Ronald Reagan 1980 - Ronald Reagan
(R) defeats President Jimmy Carter (D) by a landslide
1980 - Sadaharu Oh, 40, pro baseball's all-time HR run king
with 868, retires
1980 - Steve Carlton wins 3rd NL Cy Young Awards
1981 - Beth Henley's "Crimes of the Heart,"
premieres in NYC
1981 - Columbia shuttle launch scrubbed with 31 secs
remaining
1981 - Dr George Nichopoulas is acquitted of overprescribing
addictive drugs for Elvis Presley
1982 - Ruud Lubbers becomes Dutch premier
1983 - Bomb attack on Israeli headquarter in Tyrus Lebanon,
60 killed
1983 - Washington Capitals 1st NHL overtime victory beating
Vancouver 5-4
1984 - Nayoko Yoshikawa wins LPGA Mazda Japan Golf Classic
1984 - Nicaragua holds 1st free elections in 56 years;
Sandinistas win 63%
1987 - Benito Santiago, Padres catcher, wins NL Rookie of
Year
1987 - Lisa Steinberg, battered into coma by her adoptive
father Joel
1987 - NBA announces 4 new franchises; Charlotte & Miami
for 1988 & Minneapolis & Orlando for 1989
1988 - 1st NBA game at Charlotte Coliseum - Hornets lose to
Cavs, 133-93
1989 - 1st NBA game at Orlando Arena, Orlando Magic loses to
NJ Nets, 111-106
1989 - Rene Muawad elected president of Lebanon
1989 - Horse Racing Breeders' Cup Champs: Bayakoa, Dancing
Spree, Go for Wand, Prized, Rhythm, Steinlen, Sunday Silence
1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated
in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central
committee, not to disband the party.
1990 - "Buddy - The Buddy Holly Story" opens at
Shubert NYC for 225 perfs
1990 - 20th NYC Women's Marathon won by Wanda Panfil in
2:30:45
1990 - 21st NYC Marathon won by Douglas Wakiihuri in 2:12:39
1990 - Debbie Massey wins LPGA Mazda Japan 133 Golf Classic
1990 - Iraq says it is preparing for a "dangerous
war"
1990 - US Secretary of State James Baker visits American
troops in Saudi Arabia
1991 - Mid East peace conference ends in Madrid Spain
1992 - NY Giants announce they will quit WNEW Radio after 32
years for WOR
1992 - NY Jets announce they are moving from WABC to WFAN
radio
1993 - "Timon of Athens" opens at Lyceum Theater
NYC for 37 performances
Singer Elton John 1993 - Elton John awarded $518,700 from
Sunday Mirror for a false report on his diet
1993 - Nia Peeples files for divorce from Howard Hewett
1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention
copyright treaty.
1994 - Soyuz TM-20 lands in Kazahkstan
1994 - United Center in Chicago opens - Bulls beat Charlotte
Hornets, 89-83
1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focusses
exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.
1995 - "Indiscretions" closes at Ethel Barrymore
Theater NYC after 221 perfs
1995 - 1st-class Cricket debut of Paul Adams, W Province v N
Transvaal
1995 - Key Arena opens, Seattle Supersonics beat LA Lakers
103-89
2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu
for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress
2003 - The most powerful solar flare as observed by
satellite instrumentation is recorded.
2003 - Former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy becomes the
first person indicted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. He was eventually
acquitted.
2004 - 12 French soldiers, 3 UN personnel and hundreds of
civilians die during the Côte d'Ivoire civil war.
2008 - Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be
elected President of the United States
2012 - Bishop Tawadros appointed as the 118th Pope of the
Coptic Orthodox Church
44th US President Barack Obama 2012 - Kimi Raikkonen wins
Formula 1 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 2012
2012 - Syrian rebels capture a major oil field in Deir
ez-Zor Governorate
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/nov04.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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