http://www.history.com/this-day-in-historyl
Jun 12, 1942: Anne Frank receives a diary
On this day, Anne Frank, a young Jewish girl living in Amsterdam, receives a diary for her 13th birthday. A month later, she and her family went into hiding from the Nazis in rooms behind her father's office. For two years, the Franks and four other families hid, fed and cared for by Gentile friends. The families were discovered by the Gestapo, which had been tipped off, in 1944. The Franks were taken to Auschwitz, where Anne's mother died. Friends in Amsterdam searched the rooms and found Anne's diary hidden away.
Anne and her sister were transferred to another camp, Bergen-Belsen, where Anne died of typhus a month before the war ended.
Anne's father survived Auschwitz and published Anne's diary in 1947 as The Diary of a Young Girl. The book has been translated into more than 60 languages.
Jun 12, 1898: Philippine independence declared
During the Spanish-American War, Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo proclaim the independence of the Philippines after 300 years of Spanish rule. By mid-August, Filipino rebels and U.S. troops had ousted the Spanish, but Aguinaldo's hopes for independence were dashed when the United States formally annexed the Philippines as part of its peace treaty with Spain.
The Philippines, a large island archipelago situated off Southeast Asia, was colonized by the Spanish in the latter part of the 16th century. Opposition to Spanish rule began among Filipino priests, who resented Spanish domination of the Roman Catholic churches in the islands. In the late 19th century, Filipino intellectuals and the middle class began calling for independence. In 1892, the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society, was formed in Manila, the Philippine capital on the island of Luzon. Membership grew dramatically, and in August 1896 the Spanish uncovered the Katipunan's plans for rebellion, forcing premature action from the rebels. Revolts broke out across Luzon, and in March 1897, 28-year-old Emilio Aguinaldo became leader of the rebellion.
By late 1897, the revolutionaries had been driven into the hills southeast of Manila, and Aguinaldo negotiated an agreement with the Spanish. In exchange for financial compensation and a promise of reform in the Philippines, Aguinaldo and his generals would accept exile in Hong Kong. The rebel leaders departed, and the Philippine Revolution temporarily was at an end.
In April 1898, the Spanish-American War broke out over Spain's brutal suppression of a rebellion in Cuba. The first in a series of decisive U.S. victories occurred on May 1, 1898, when the U.S. Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey annihilated the Spanish Pacific fleet at the Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines. From his exile, Aguinaldo made arrangements with U.S. authorities to return to the Philippines and assist the United States in the war against Spain. He landed on May 19, rallied his revolutionaries, and began liberating towns south of Manila. On June 12, he proclaimed Philippine independence and established a provincial government, of which he subsequently became head.
His rebels, meanwhile, had encircled the Spanish in Manila and, with the support of Dewey's squadron in Manila Bay, would surely have conquered the Spanish. Dewey, however, was waiting for U.S. ground troops, which began landing in July and took over the Filipino positions surrounding Manila. On August 8, the Spanish commander informed the United States that he would surrender the city under two conditions: The United States was to make the advance into the capital look like a battle, and under no conditions were the Filipino rebels to be allowed into the city. On August 13, the mock Battle of Manila was staged, and the Americans kept their promise to keep the Filipinos out after the city passed into their hands.
While the Americans occupied Manila and planned peace negotiations with Spain, Aguinaldo convened a revolutionary assembly, the Malolos, in September. They drew up a democratic constitution, the first ever in Asia, and a government was formed with Aguinaldo as president in January 1899. On February 4, what became known as the Philippine Insurrection began when Filipino rebels and U.S. troops skirmished inside American lines in Manila. Two days later, the U.S. Senate voted by one vote to ratify the Treaty of Paris with Spain. The Philippines were now a U.S. territory, acquired in exchange for $20 million in compensation to the Spanish.
In response, Aguinaldo formally launched a new revolt--this time against the United States. The rebels, consistently defeated in the open field, turned to guerrilla warfare, and the U.S. Congress authorized the deployment of 60,000 troops to subdue them. By the end of 1899, there were 65,000 U.S. troops in the Philippines, but the war dragged on. Many anti-imperialists in the United States, such as Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, opposed U.S. annexation of the Philippines, but in November 1900 Republican incumbent William McKinley was reelected, and the war continued.
On March 23, 1901, in a daring operation, U.S. General Frederick Funston and a group of officers, pretending to be prisoners, surprised Aguinaldo in his stronghold in the Luzon village of Palanan and captured the rebel leader. Aguinaldo took an oath of allegiance to the United States and called for an end to the rebellion, but many of his followers fought on. During the next year, U.S. forces gradually pacified the Philippines. In an infamous episode, U.S. forces on the island of Samar retaliated against the massacre of a U.S. garrison by killing all men on the island above the age of 10. Many women and young children were also butchered. General Jacob Smith, who directed the atrocities, was court-martialed and forced to retire for turning Samar, in his words, into a "howling wilderness."
In 1902, an American civil government took over administration of the Philippines, and the three-year Philippine insurrection was declared to be at an end. Scattered resistance, however, persisted for several years.
More than 4,000 Americans perished suppressing the Philippines--more than 10 times the number killed in the Spanish-American War. More than 20,000 Filipino insurgents were killed, and an unknown number of civilians perished.
In 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established with U.S. approval, and Manuel Quezon was elected the country's first president. On July 4, 1946, full independence was granted to the Republic of the Philippines by the United States.
Jun 12, 1987: Reagan challenges Gorbachev
On this day in 1987, in one of his most famous Cold War speeches, President Ronald Reagan challenges Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev to "tear down" the Berlin Wall, a symbol of the repressive Communist era in a divided Germany.
In 1945, following Germany's defeat in World War II, the nation's capital, Berlin, was divided into four sections, with the Americans, British and French controlling the western region and the Soviets gaining power in the eastern region. In May 1949, the three western sections came together as the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), with the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) being established in October of that same year. In 1952, the border between the two countries was closed and by the following year East Germans were prosecuted if they left their country without permission. In August 1961, the Berlin Wall was erected by the East German government to prevent its citizens from escaping to the West. Between 1949 and the wall's inception, it's estimated that over 2.5 million East Germans fled to the West in search of a less repressive life.
With the wall as a backdrop, President Reagan declared to a West Berlin crowd in 1987, "There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace." He then called upon his Soviet counterpart: "Secretary General Gorbachev, if you seek peace--if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe--if you seek liberalization: come here, to this gate. Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate. Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall." Reagan then went on to ask Gorbachev to undertake serious arms reduction talks with the United States.
Most listeners at the time viewed Reagan's speech as a dramatic appeal to Gorbachev to renew negotiations on nuclear arms reductions. It was also a reminder that despite the Soviet leader's public statements about a new relationship with the West, the U.S. wanted to see action taken to lessen Cold War tensions. Happily for Berliners, though, the speech also foreshadowed events to come: Two years later, on November 9, 1989, joyful East and West Germans did break down the infamous barrier between East and West Berlin. Germany was officially reunited on October 3, 1990.
Gorbachev, who had been in office since 1985, stepped down from his post as Soviet leader in 1991. Reagan, who served two terms as president, from 1981 to 1989, died on June 5, 2004, at age 93.
Jun 12, 1917: King Constantine of Greece abdicates
On this day in 1917, King Constantine I of Greece, the foremost champion of Greek neutrality during World War I, abdicates his throne in the face of pressure from Britain and France and internal opponents—most notably Prime Minister Eleutherios Venizelos—who favored Greece's entrance into the war on the side of the Allies.
As crown prince during the Balkan Wars of 1912-13, Constantine had led Greek troops to victory on the battlefield; he ascended to the throne in March 1913 upon the death of his father, George I. Educated in Germany and married to Sophia, a sister of Kaiser Wilhelm II, Constantine was naturally sympathetic to the Central Powers after the outbreak of World War I in the summer of 1914. For this reason, Constantine refused to honor Greece's obligation to support Serbia—its ally during both Balkan Wars—when the latter country was attacked by Bulgaria in 1914. Constantine's position was complicated, however, as Venizelos, along with the majority of the Greek government, was determinedly pro-Ally, and the British and French navies held an unwavering dominance over the Mediterranean Sea.
Despite dedicated efforts by the British and French to woo Greece with promises of territorial gains in Turkey, Constantine maintained a position of neutrality for his country. He did allow British and French forces to disembark at Salonika as part of an operation planned in late 1914 to aid Serbia against Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian forces. By the time the Allied forces were ready, however, Serbia had fallen and the Central Powers drew closer to the Greek border.
By the end of 1915, Allied operations had bogged down in Salonika and failed spectacularly in the Dardanelles, and Constantine was understandably even less inclined to support the Entente. As the British cabinet was told at the time, "His Majesty's decided opinion was that Germany was winning on all points, and that there were only two possible endings to European war, either that Germany would be entirely victorious or that the war would end in a stalemate largely in favor of Germany."
In this position, Constantine was undermined by the charismatic and ambitious Venizelos, who led the movement in favor of joining the war on the side of the Entente in the name of building a more powerful Greek nation. Constantine dismissed Venizelos in October 1915; the ex-prime minister subsequently received Allied recognition of a provisional Greek government, under Venizelos' control, in Thessalonica in 1916. Meanwhile, civil war threatened in Greece, and Constantine desperately sought promises of naval, military and financial assistance from Germany, which he did not receive.
By the summer of 1917, the Allies had lost their patience with Constantine. On June 11, they sent an ultimatum to Athens, demanding the king's abdication. That same day, blatantly disregarding the country's neutrality, British forces blockaded Greece and the French landed their troops at Piraeus, on the Isthmus of Corinth. The following day, Constantine abdicated in favor of his second son, Alexander, who reinstated Venizelos as prime minister. On July 2, 1916, Greece declared war on the Central Powers. Over the next 18 months, some 5,000 Greek soldiers would die on the battlefields of World War I.
Jun 12, 1963: Medgar Evers assassinated
In the driveway outside his home in Jackson, Mississippi, African American civil rights leader Medgar Evers is shot to death by white supremacist Byron De La Beckwith.
During World War II, Evers volunteered for the U.S. Army and participated in the Normandy invasion. In 1952, he joined the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). As a field worker for the NAACP, Evers traveled through his home state encouraging poor African Americans to register to vote and recruiting them into the civil rights movement. He was instrumental in getting witnesses and evidence for the Emmitt Till murder case, which brought national attention to the plight of African Americans in the South. On June 12, 1963, Medgar Evers was killed.
After a funeral in Jackson, he was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia. President John F. Kennedy and many other leaders publicly condemned the killing. In 1964, the first trial of chief suspect Byron De La Beckwith ended with a deadlock by an all-white jury, sparking numerous protests. When a second all-white jury also failed to reach a decision, De La Beckwith was set free. Three decades later, the state of Mississippi reopened the case under pressure from civil rights leaders and Evers' family. In February 1994, a racially mixed jury in Jackson found Beckwith guilty of murder. The unrepentant white supremacist, aged 73, was sentenced to life imprisonment.
Jun 12, 1944: John F. Kennedy receives medals
Lieutenant John F. Kennedy receives the Navy's highest honor for gallantry for his heroic actions as a gunboat pilot during World War II on this day in 1944. The future president also received a Purple Heart for wounds received during battle.
As a young man, Kennedy had desperately wanted to go into the Navy but was originally rejected because of chronic health problems, particularly a back injury he had sustained playing football while attending Harvard. In 1941, though, his politically connected father used his influence to get Jack into the service. In 1942, Kennedy volunteered for PT (motorized torpedo) boat duty in the Pacific.
In July 1943, according to the official Navy report, Kennedy and the crew of PT 109 were ordered into combat near the Solomon Islands. In the middle of the night on August 2, their boat was rammed by a Japanese destroyer and caught fire. Several of Kennedy's shipmates were blown overboard into a sea of burning oil. Kennedy dove in to rescue three of the crew and in the process swallowed some of the toxic mixture. (Kennedy would later blame this for chronic stomach problems.) For 12 hours, Kennedy and his crew clung to the wrecked hull, before he ordered them to abandon ship. Kennedy and the other good swimmers placed the injured on a makeshift raft, and then took turns pushing and towing the raft four miles to safety on a nearby island.
For six days, Kennedy and his crew waited on the island for rescue. They survived by drinking coconut milk and rainwater until native islanders discovered the sailors and offered food and shelter. Every night, Kennedy tried to signal other U.S. Navy ships in the area. He also reportedly scrawled a message on a coconut husk and gestured to the islanders to take it to a nearby PT base at Rendova. On August 8, a Navy patrol boat picked up the haggard survivors.
On June 12, 1944, while he was in the hospital recuperating from back surgery, Kennedy received the Navy and Marine Corps medal for courage, endurance and excellent leadership [that] contributed to the saving of several lives and was in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
28 - Gaius Carrinas' triumphant procession through Rome
1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at
Blackheath.
1418 - An insurrection delivers Paris to the Burgundians.
1442 - King Alfonso V of Aragon occupies Naples
1523 - Frisian rebel leader Jancko Douwama arrested
1534 - Turkish adm Chaireddin "Barbarossa" allows
Giulia Gonzaga to kidnap & plunder Naples
1552 - Land guardians of Netherlands attack Verdun
1553 - King Edward VI accept archbishop Cranmer's "42
Articles"
1560 - Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa
Yoshimoto.
1653 - - 13] First Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of the Gabbard/
Battle at North Foreland, English fleet beats the Dutch
1665 - New Amsterdam renamed New York by English after Dutch
pull out
1665 - England installs a municipal government in New York
City
1667 - -13] Michiel de Ruyter destroys English fleet
1672 - French army under Gen Turenne crosses Rhine at Lobith
1673 - Charles II's brother duke James of York resigns as
Lord High Admiral
1683 - Rye House plot against English king Charles II
uncovered
1691 - Pope Innocent XII succeeds Alexander VIII
1701 - Act of Settlement gives English crown to Sophia,
Princess of Hanover
1714 - Prussia & Russia sign secret treaty
King Charles IIKing Charles II 1775 - 1st naval battle of
Revolution-Unity (US) captures Margaretta (Br)
1776 - Virginia adopts Declaration of Rights
1787 - US Law passes providing a senator must be at least 30
years old
1792 - George Vancouver discovers site of Vancouver BC
1812 - Napoleon Bonaparte invades Russia
1819 - Dutch colonial troops driven out of Palembang Sumatra
1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria:
34,000 French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
1838 - Hopkins Observatory, dedicated in Williamstown, Mass
1838 - Iowa Territory forms
1840 - Meteorite hits Uden, Netherlands
1845 - George Abernethy becomes 1st governor of Oregon
Country
1849 - Gas mask patented by Lewis Haslett (Louisville Ky)
1859 - Comstock Silver Lode in Nevada discovered
1860 - The State Bank of the Russian Empire is established.
1861 - Missouri Governor Claiborne Jackson calls for 50,000
volunteers to stop Federates from taking over his state
French Emperor Napoleon BonaparteFrench Emperor Napoleon
Bonaparte 1864 - Lee sends Early into Shenandoah Valley
1864 - Skirmish at Mcafee's Cross Road Georgia, about 57
dies in battle
1867 - Austro-Hungarian Empire forms
1875 - 9th Belmont: Bobby Swim aboard Calvin wins in 2:42.25
1880 - John Lee Richmond pitches 1st major league perfect
game, Worcester 1, Cleveland's Forest City 0
1885 - Roof collapse kills 30 at murder trial in France
1889 - 88 are killed in the Armagh rail disaster near Armagh
in what is now Northern Ireland.
1892 - Netherlands Society for Currency & Coin
collecting forms
1896 - J.T. Hearne sets a cricket record for the earliest
date of taking 100 first-class wickets in a season.
1897 - Possibly most severe quake in history strikes Assam
India, shock waves felt over an area size of Europe (low mortality rate given
size of earthquake, 1500 casualties)
1898 - Philippine nationalists declares independence from
Spain to US control
1899 - New Richmond Tornado: the eighth deadliest tornado in
U.S. history kills 117 peoples and injures around 200.
1900 - German Navy Law calls for massive increase in sea
power
1903 - Niagara Falls, Ontario incorporated as a city
1903 - The Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity
is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music.
1907 - Yanks commit 11 errors & lose 14-6 to Tigers
1908 - Lusitania crosses Atlantic in record 4 days 15 hours
(NYC)
1909 - "Shine On, Harvest Moon" by Ada Jones &
Billy Murray hits #1
1910 - PEC soccer team forms in Zwolle
1913 - "Dachshund" by Pathe Freres, early animated
cartoon, released
1915 - 29th US Womens Tennis: Molla B Mallory beats Hazel
Wightman (4-6 6-2 6-0)
1916 - 30th US Womens Tennis: Molla B Mallory beats Louise
Raymond (6-0 6-1)
1916 - Tennis legend Bill Tilden's 1st appearance at US
tennis championship
1917 - Secret Service extends protection of president to his
family
1918 - 1st airplane bombing raid by an American unit, France
1919 - Dutch 2nd Chamber accord for equal Christian-public
education
1920 - 52nd Belmont: Clarence Kummer aboard Man o' War wins
in 2:14.2
1920 - Farmer Labor Party organized (Chicago)
1922 - German Reich president Friedrich Ebert visits Munich
Baseball Great Babe RuthBaseball Great Babe Ruth 1922 - St
Louis Brown Hub Pruett strikes out Babe Ruth 3 straight times
1922 - St Louis gets record 10 hits in a row & beats
Phillies 14-8
1923 - Harry Houdini frees himself from a straight jacket
while suspended upside down, 40 feet (12 m) above ground in NYC
1925 - William DeHart Hubbard of US, sets long jump record
at 25' 10 3/4"
1926 - 58th Belmont: Albert Johnson aboard Crusader wins in
2:32.2
1926 - Brazil leaves League of Nations
1928 - NY Yankee Lou Gehrig hits 2 triples & 2 HRs to be
White Sox 15-7
1930 - 34th US Golf Open: Bobby Jones shoots a 287 at
Interlachen CC Minn
1930 - Max Schmeling beats Jack Sharkey on a foul in 4 for
heavyweight boxing title
1931 - Al Capone is indicted on 5,000 counts of prohibition
& perjury
1933 - Financial & Economy World conference opens (66
countries)
1934 - Black-McKeller Bill passes causes Bill Boeing empire
to break up into Boeing United Aircraft [Technologies] & United Air Lines
1935 - Weapons pact ends 3 year war of Gran Chaco (Bolivia
vs Paraguay)
1935 - Senator Huey Long of Louisiana spoke continually for
15½ hours in Senate's longest speech on record (150,000 words)
1936 - 1st 50 KW US radio station (Pittsburgh Pa)
Gangster Al CaponeGangster Al Capone 1937 - 41st US Golf
Open: Ralph Guldahl shoots a 281 at Oakland Hills Mich
1937 - USSR executes 8 army leaders as Stalin's purge
continues
1939 - 43rd US Golf Open: Byron Nelson shoots a 284 at Phila
CC in Phila
1939 - Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown NY
1939 - Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops,
the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
1942 - Anne Frank gets her diary as a birthday present
(Amsterdam)
1942 - Hitler orders enslavement of Slavic peoples
1942 - Tornado kills 35 in Oklahoma City
1943 - Himmler orders extermination of all Polish ghettos
1944 - 1st V-1 rocket assault on London
1944 - British 12th airborne batallion and the 13th &
18th Hussars attack and capture Bréville
1944 - Churchill/Marshall/Arnold visit Montgomery's HQ in
Chateau de Creully
1944 - US troop march into Carentan/Caumont, Normandy
1945 - US 7th Marine regiment conquer summit of Kunishi
Ridge, Okinawa
1947 - Babe Didrikson is 1st American to win Brit Women's
Amateur Golf Champ
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf HitlerDictator of Nazi
Germany Adolf Hitler 1948 - "Hold It!" closes at National Theater NYC
after 46 performances
1948 - The musical "Sleepy Hollow" closes at St
James Theater NYC after 12 performances
1948 - "William Tell Overture" by Spike Jones
peaks at #6
1948 - 48th US Golf Open: Ben Hogan shoots a 276 at Riviera
CC in LA
1948 - 80th Belmont: Eddie Arcaro aboard Citation wins in
2:28.2
1948 - Bradman scores 138 in 1st Test Cricket at Trent
Bridge
1950 - 2 Air France DC-4s crash near Bahrain, about 100 die
1950 - Connie Mack named Honorary Manager of the All-Star
Game
1952 - USSR declares peace treaty with Japan invalid
1954 - "Girl in Pink Tights" closes at Mark
Hellinger NYC after 115 perfs
1954 - 86th Belmont: Eric Guerin aboard High Gun wins in
2:30.8
1954 - Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock" is
originally released
1954 - Milwaukee Braves Jim Wilson no-hits Phillies, 2-0
1955 - "Mr Peepers" (TV Comedy) starring Wally Cox
airs for last time on NBC
1955 - Monitor (full weekend program) begins on NBC radio
network
Baseball Legend Connie MackBaseball Legend Connie Mack 1957
- Paul Anderson of US back-lifts a record 2850 kg (6,270 lbs)
1957 - Stan Musial plays in 823rd game (new NL
consecutive-game streak)
1958 - "Make Me Laugh" TV Game Show last airs on
ABC-TV, syndicated 1979
1959 - SF Giants Mike McCormick no-hits Phillies, 3-0 in 5
inning game
1960 - KORN (now KDLT) TV channel 5 in Mitchell-Sioux Falls,
SD (ABC) begins
1960 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA Triangle Round Robin Golf
Tournament
1961 - An ailing Bill Veeck sells his interest in White Sox
to Arthur Allyn
1961 - Dutch Lockheed Electricity "Sirius"
accident at Cairo, kills 20
1962 - Laos prince Souvanna Phouma forms coalition
government
1962 - USAF Maj Robert M White takes X-15 to 56,270 m
1963 - "Cleopatra" premieres in NYC
1964 - Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison in
South Africa
1965 - "Bajour" closes at Shubert Theater NYC
after 232 performances
1965 - "I Had a BaIl" closes at Martin Beck
Theater NYC after 199 perfs
1965 - "What Makes Sammy Run?" closes at 84th St
Theater NYC after 540 perfs
Anti-apartheid activist and South African President Nelson
MandelaAnti-apartheid activist and South African President Nelson Mandela 1965
- Beatles are awarded MBE
1965 - Morio Shigematsu runs world record marathon (2:12:00)
1965 - Rolling Stones release "Satisfaction"
1965 - Sonny & Cher make their 1st TV appearance in
"American Bandstand"
1965 - South Vietnam Gen Nguyen Cao Ky succeeds Phan Huy
Quat as premier
1965 - Big Bang theory of creation of universe is supported
by announcement of discovery of new celestial bodies know as blue galaxies
1966 - Dave Clark Five sets record as they appear for 12th
time on Ed Sullivan
1966 - Mickey Wright wins LPGA Bluegrass Ladies Golf
Invitational
1967 - Israel wins 6 day war
1967 - Race riot in Cincinnati Ohio (300 arrested)
1967 - US Supreme Court unanimously ends laws against
interracial marriages
1967 - USSR launches Venera 4 for parachute landing on Venus
1967 - Washington Senators beat Chicago White Sox 6-5 in 22
innings
1968 - "What Makes Sammy Run?" closes at 84th St
Theater NYC after 540 perfs
1970 - Pitts Pirate Doc Ellis no-hits San Diego Padres, 2-0
Goddess of Pop Cher
Goddess of Pop Cher 1972 - John Lennon's political "Sometime in NYC"
released including "Woman is the Nigger of the World" "Attica
State" & "Luck of the Irish"
1973 - Close finish at Trent Bridge, NZ Cricket need 479 to
win, all out 440
1973 - Yanks trade wife swapper Mike Kekich for Lowell
Palmer
1975 - Billy Williams's 400th career HR
1975 - Hank Aaron's 1st HR in Milwaukee since 1965
1976 - "Yes, Yes, Yes" by Bill Cosby hits #46
1977 - "Pippin" closes at Imperial Theater NYC
after 1944 performances
1977 - 23rd LPGA Championship won by Chako Higuchi
1977 - Ground-breaking ceremonies for Pres Kennedy library
1978 - David Berkowitz sentenced in NY Supreme Court to 25
yrs to life
1978 - US House of Representatives allows live radio
coverage
1979 - Kevin St Onge throws a playing card a record 185'
1979 - Opening ceremony at Cambridge Buddhist Association
meditation in Boston
1979 - Sanista occupies parts of Managua
1979 - Tigers fire manager Les Moss, hiring Sparky Anderson
Actor/Comedian Bill CosbyActor/Comedian Bill Cosby 1979 -
Bryan Allen flew man-powered Gossamer Albatross over English Channel in a
human-powered aircraft; flight took 2 hrs, 49 min
1980 - Ronald Reagan said he would submit to periodic
medical tests
1981 - "Raiders Of The Lost Ark" starring Harrison
Ford premieres
1981 - 3rd baseball strike starts
1981 - Baseball players begin a 50 day strike, their 3rd
strike
1981 - Larry Holmes TKOs Leon Spinks in 3 for WBC heavyweight
boxing title
1981 - Only candidate Hassan Gouled Aptidon wins Djibouti
pres election
1982 - 750,000 anti-nuclear demonstrators, rally in Central
Park NYC
1982 - Battle of Mount Longdon Falkland Islands
1982 - Paul Simon & Art Garfunkel perform in Rotterdam
1983 - 29th LPGA Championship won by Patty Sheehan
1983 - Comet C/1983 (Sugano-Saigusa-Fujikawa) approaches
0.0628 AUs of Earth
1983 - Winston Davis takes 7-51 in Cricket World Cup match v
Australia
1986 - P W Botha declares South African national emergency
1987 - Central Afr Rep ex-emperor Jean-Bédell Bokassa
sentenced to death
Actor Harrison FordActor Harrison Ford 1988 - 6th Seniors
Players Golf Championship: Billy Casper
1988 - Andy Hampton is 1st American to win Round of Italy
1988 - Mei-Chi Cheng wins LPGA Rochester Golf International
1988 - The Republic of Ireland beats England 1-0 at Euro88
thanks to a headed goal by Ray Houghton. This is Ireland's first competitive
match at a major football tournament.
1989 - "Doctor Doctor," TV Comedy starring Matt
Frewer, debuts on CBS-TV
1989 - Ben Johnson, Canadian Olympian, admits using steroids
1990 - Egypt (500-1 longshot) ties favorite Neth 1-1 in
World Cup game
1990 - NY Yankee reliever Dave Righetti becomes 9th to
record 200 saves
1990 - Oakland A's Rickey Henderson becomes 2nd to steal 900
bases
1990 - Orioles Cal Ripken plays in his 1,308th consecutive
game to move past Everett Scott into 2nd place on the all-time list
1990 - NY Mets beat Chicago Cubs 19-8 at Wrigley Field, Cubs
outfielder Doug Dazcenzo pitched a scoreless 9th inning
1991 - 45th NBA Championship: Chicago Bulls beat LA Lakers,
4 games to 1
1991 - Boris Yelstin elected president of Russian Federation
1993 - "Three Little Pigs" by Green Jelly hits #17
1994 - -17] Pope John Paul II visits Spain
264th Pope John Paul II264th Pope John Paul II 1994 - 48th
Tony Awards: Angels in America: Perestroika & Passion win
1994 - Cab Calloway suffered massive stroke at his home in
White Plaines NY
1994 - Liselotte Neumann wins Minnesota LPGA Golf Classic
1996 - 3 Phila Fed Court judges overturn US indecency ban on
internet
1996 - Marge Schott gives up day-to-day operations because
of her numerous insensitive comments about Adolf Hitler, working women & Asians
1997 - 1st ever baseball inter-league game SF Giants beat
Texas Rangers 4-3
1999 - Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins - a
NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force KFor enters the province of Kosovo
in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
2000 - Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while
robbing Bus #174 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the highly-publicized standoff
becomes a media circus and ends with the death of do Nascimento and a hostage.
2002 - Los Angeles Lakers beat New Jersey Nets 4-0 in NBA
finals MVP: Shaquille O'Neal, L.A.
2002 - 36th CMT Flameworthy Video Music Awards: Dixie
Chicks, Martina McBride & Kenny Chesney wins
2002 - 56th NBA Championship: Los Angeles Lakers beat New
Jersey Nets, 4 games to 0
2004 - A 1.3 kilogram chondrite type meteorite strikes a
house in Ellerslie, New Zealand causing serious damage but no injuries.
2005 - 51st LPGA Championship won by Annika Sörenstam
2008 - Ireland rejects the Lisbon Treaty in a referendum,
thus putting into question the reform programme of the European Union.
2009 - Protests in Iran following the presidential election.
Basketball Player Shaquille O'NealBasketball Player
Shaquille O'Neal 2009 - TSC: All television broadcasts in the United States
switch from analog NTSC to digital ATSC transmission.
2011 - 65th NBA Championship: Dallas Mavericks beat Miami
Heat, 4 games to 2
2011 - 65th Tony Awards: The Book of Mormon & War Horse
win
2012 - The chemical compound NOTT-202, which is capable of
selectively absorbing carbon dioxide, is created
2012 - An Australian coroner's report rules that a dingo was
responsible for the death of a baby in 1980
2012 - The World Health Organization concludes that diesel
exhaust causes cancer
2013 - Russia passes a law banning gay propaganda
1099 - Crusade leaders visited the Mount of Olives where they met a hermit who urged them to assault Jerusalem. 1442 - Alfonso V of Aragon was crowned King of Naples. 1665 - England installed a municipal government in New York. It was the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam. 1812 - Napoleon's invasion of Russia began. 1838 - The Iowa Territory was organized. 1839 - Abner Doubleday created the game of baseball, according to the legend. 1849 - The gas mask was patented by L.P. Haslett. 1897 - Carl Elsener patented his penknife. The object later became known as the Swiss army knife. 1898 - Philippine nationalists declared their independence from Spain. 1900 - The Reichstag approved a second law that would allow the expansion of the German navy. 1901 - Cuba agreed to become an American protectorate by accepting the Platt Amendment. 1912 - Lillian Russel retired from the stage and was married for the fourth time. 1918 - The first airplane bombing raid by an American unit occurred on World War I's Western Front in France. 1921 - U.S. President Warren Harding urged every young man to attend military training camp. 1923 - Harry Houdini, while suspended upside down 40 feet above the ground, escaped from a strait jacket. 1926 - Brazil quit the League of Nations in protest over plans to admit Germany. 1935 - U.S. Senator Huey Long of Louisiana made the longest speech on Senate record. The speech took 15 1/2 hours and was filled by 150,000 words. 1935 - The Chaco War was ended with a truce. Bolivia and Paraguay had been fighting since 1932. 1937 - The Soviet Union executed eight army leaders under Joseph Stalin. 1939 - The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum was dedicated in Cooperstown, New York. 1941 - In London, the Inter-Allied Declaration was signed. It was the first step towards the establishment of the United Nations. 1944 - Chinese Communist leader Mao Tse-tung announced that he would support Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek in the war against Japan. 1948 - Ben Hogan won his first U.S. Open golf classic. 1963 - "Cleopatra" starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison, and Richard Burton premiered at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City. 1963 - Civil rights leader Medgar Evers was fatally shot in front of his home in Jackson, MS. 1967 - State laws which prohibited interracial marriages were ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. 1971 - Tricia Nixon and Edward F. Cox were married in the White House Rose Garden. 1975 - Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was found guilty of corrupt election practices in 1971. 1979 - Bryan Allen flew the Gossamer Albatross, man powered, across the English Channel. 1981 - Major league baseball players began a 49 day strike. The issue was free-agent compensation. 1981 - "Raiders of the Lost Ark" opened in the U.S. 1982 - 75,000 people rallied against nuclear weapons in New York City's Central Park. Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Bruce Springsteen, and Linda Ronstadt were in attendance. 1985 - Wayne "The Great One" Gretsky was named winner of the NHL's Hart Trophy. The award is given to the the league Most Valuable Player. 1985 - The U.S. House of Representatives approved $27 million in aid to the Nicaraguan contras. 1986 - South Africa declared a national state of emergency. Virtually unlimited power was given to security forces and restrictions were put on news coverage of the unrest. 1987 - U.S. President Reagan publicly challenged Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall. 1990 - The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declared its sovereignty. 1991 - Russians went to the election polls and elected Boris N. Yeltsin as the president of their republic. 1991 - The Chicago Bulls won their first NBA championship. The Bulls beat the Los Angeles Lakers four games to one. 1992 - In a letter to the U.S. Senate, Russian Boris Yeltsin stated that in the early 1950's the Soviet Union had shot down nine U.S. planes and held 12 American survivors. 1996 - In Philadelphia a panel of federal judges blocked a law against indecency on the internet. The panel said that the 1996 Communications Decency Act would infringe upon the free speech rights of adults. 1997 - Interleague play began in baseball, ending a 126-year tradition of separating the major leagues until the World Series. 1997 - The U.S. Treasury Department unveiled a new $50 bill meant to be more counterfeit-resistant. 1998 - Compaq Computer paid $9 billion for Digital Equipment Corp. in largest high-tech acquisition. 1999 - NATO peacekeeping forces entered the province of Kosovo in Yugoslavia. 2003 - In Arkansas, Terry Wallis spoke for the first time in nearly 19 years. Wallis had been in a coma since July 13, 1984, after being injured in a car accident. 2009 - In the U.S., The switch from analog TV trasmission to digital was completed.
1880 John Lee Richmond pitched baseball's first perfect game. A perfect game occurs when no batter reaches a base during a complete game of at least nine innings. 1898 Emilio Aguinaldo, head of the Philippine nationalists, proclaimed independence from Spain. 1939 The Baseball Hall of Fame opened to the public in Cooperstown, New York. 1942 Anne Frank received a diary for her birthday. 1963 Civil rights leader Medgar Evers was fatally shot in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi. 1997 Interleague play began in baseball, ending a 126-year tradition of separating the major leagues until the World Series.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/jun12.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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