http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Sep 9, 1776: Congress renames the nation "United States of America"
On this day in 1776, the Continental Congress formally declares the name of the new nation to be the "United States" of America. This replaced the term "United Colonies," which had been in general use.
In the Congressional declaration dated September 9, 1776, the delegates wrote, "That in all continental commissions, and other instruments, where, heretofore, the words 'United Colonies' have been used, the stile be altered for the future to the "United States."
A resolution by Richard Henry Lee, which had been presented to Congress on June 7 and approved on July 2, 1776, issued the resolve, "That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States…." As a result, John Adams thought July 2 would be celebrated as "the most memorable epoch in the history of America." Instead, the day has been largely forgotten in favor of July 4, when Jefferson's edited Declaration of Independence was adopted. That document also states, "That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES." However, Lee began with the line, while Jefferson saved it for the middle of his closing paragraph.
By September, the Declaration of Independence had been drafted, signed, printed and sent to Great Britain. What Congress had declared to be true on paper in July was clearly the case in practice, as Patriot blood was spilled against the British on the battlefields of Boston, Montreal, Quebec and New York. Congress had created a country from a cluster of colonies and the nation's new name reflected that reality.
Today
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
701 - St Sergius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1493 - Battle of Krbava field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the Ottoman Empire invasion.
1513 - Battle of Flodden Fields; English defeat James IV of Scotland
1543 - Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1556 - Pope Paul IV refuses to crown Ferdinand of Austria emperor
1561 - Sermon of Poissy
1567 - Lomaraal van Egmond & Philip van Hoorne captured
1591 - -10] Battle at Flores Azores: Spanish beat English
1675 - New England colonies declare war on Wampanoag indians
1683 - Expelled Polish & Lotharings reach Wienerwald
1739 - Slave revolt in Stono SC led by Jemmy (25 whites killed)
1753 - 1st steam engine arrives in US colonies
1776 - Congress officially renames the country as the United States of America (Was the United Colonies)
1817 - Alexander Lucius Twilight, probably 1st black to graduate from US college, receives BA degree at Middlebury College
1830 - Charles Durant, 1st US aeronaut, flies a balloon from Castle Garden, NYC to Perth Amboy, NJ
1839 - John Herschel takes 1st glass plate photograph
1841 - Great Lakes steamer "Erie" sinks off Silver Creek NY, kills 300
Queen of Scotland Mary StuartQueen of Scotland Mary Stuart 1850 - Territories of New Mexico & Utah created
1850 - California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state
1861 - Sally Tompkins is only Confederate Army female commissioned officer
1862 - Lee splits his army & sends Jackson to capture Harpers Ferry
1863 - Battle of Cumberland Gap, TN
1867 - Luxembourg gains independence
1875 - Lotta's Fountain (Kearny & Market) dedicated
1880 - President Hayes visits SF
1881 - Egyptian military coup under colonel Arab "El Wahid"
1886 - The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is finalized.
1892 - E E Barnard at Lick discovers Amalthea, 5th Jupiter moon
1895 - American Bowling Congress forms (NYC)
1898 - Ottawa Football Club re-organizes into the Rough Riders
1899 - French Capt Alfred Dreyfus sentenced on unjust grounds
1903 - 6 km long Engadin-railroad tunnel of Switzerland inaugurated
1904 - Mounted police 1st used in NYC
1904 - Boston Herald again refers to NY baseball club as Yankees, when it reports "Yankees take 2," Yankee name not official till 1913
Aviator Orville WrightAviator Orville Wright 1908 - Orville Wright makes 1st 1-hr airplane flight, Fort Myer, Va
1908 - Russia takes part of Poland
1909 - Jack Johnson fights Al Kaufman to no decision in 10 for boxing title
1911 - 1st European airpost (Hendon to Windsor, England)
1912 - J Verdrines becomes 1st to fly over 100 mph (107 mph/172 kph)
1913 - Association for Study of Negro Life & History organizes in Chicago
1914 - -12] Belgian offensive from Antwerp
1914 - Battle of Marne (German advance stalls, Paris saved)
1914 - Boston Brave George Davis no-hits Philadelphia Phillies, 7-0
1914 - World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
1915 - Association for study of Negro Life & History forms by Carter G Woodson
1918 - Dutch government of Ruijs de Beerenbrouck forms
1919 - Boston's police force forms strike
1922 - St Louis Brown "Baby Doll" Jacobson hits 3 triples beating Tigers 16-0
1922 - Turkish troops conquer Smyrna/murder Greek citizens
1922 - William T Cosgrave replaces Irish premier Collins
1923 - Albin Stenroos runs world record 20 km (1:07:11.2)
1924 - Hanapepe Massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.
1926 - National Broadcasting Co created by Radio Corporation of America
1926 - Train disaster at Wassenaar Neth, 4 die
1926 - The U.S. National Broadcasting Company formed.
1927 - Tony Lazzeri Day at Yankee Stadium
1928 - Silvio Cator of Haiti, sets then long jump record at 26' ½"
1932 - Frank Crosetti ties record, striking out twice in 1 inning
1932 - Mine strikes at Belgian Borinage ended
1932 - Spanish Cortes grants Catalonia autonomy
1932 - Steamboat SS Observation explodes in NYC East River (71 killed)
1933 - 53rd US Mens Tennis: Fred Perry beats Jack Crawford (63 1113 46 60 61)
1934 - Armas Toivonen becomes 1st European marathoner (2:52:29.0)
1934 - G Kaufman & M Hart's "Merrily We Roll Along," premieres in NYC
1936 - Yankees sweep Indians, NY clinches pennant on earliest date in history
1939 - Nazi army reaches Warsaw
1940 - 28 German aircraft shot down above England
1940 - 60th US Mens Tennis: W D McNeill beats Robert L Riggs (46 68 63 63 75)
1942 - 1st bombing on continental US soil, Mount Emily Oregon (WW II)
1942 - Compulsory work for women, children & old males in Batavia
1942 - Japanese planes drop incendiary bombs on Oregon
1943 - 15 German JU-88's sink Italian flag ship Rome
1943 - Lt-Gen Bradley flies from Algiers to to Marrakech/Prestwick
1943 - Red Army occupies Bachmatsj
1943 - US, British & French troops land in Salerno (operation Avalanche)
1944 - Allied forces liberate Luxembourg
1944 - Bulgaria liberated from Nazi control (National Day)
1944 - Resistance fighter Jaap Musch arrested in Nijverdal Neth
1944 - US 113th cavalry passes Belg-Dutch borders
1944 - Very strong hurricane hits Netherland
1945 - Japanese in S Korea, Taiwan, China, Indochina surrender to Allies
1945 - Jimmie Foxx hits his 534th & final HR
1945 - Phila A's Dick Fowler no-hits St Louis Brown, 1-0
1945 - 1st "bug" in a computer program discovered by Grace Hopper, a moth was removed with tweasers from a relay & taped into the log
1948 - "Hilarities (of 1949)" opens at Adelphi Theater NYC for 14 perfs
1948 - Bkln Dodger Rex Barney no-hits NY Giants, 2-0
1948 - People's Democratic Republic of Korea proclaimed
1950 - "Texas, Li'l Darlin'" closes at Mark Hellinger NYC after 293 perfs
1950 - "Where's Chartev?" closes at St James Theater NYC after 792 perfs
1950 - 1st use of TV laugh track-Hank McCune
1950 - Mass arrests of communists in France
1951 - 1st broadcast of "Love of Life" on CBS-TV
1951 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA Carrollton Georgia Golf Open
1953 - KGTV TV channel 10 in San Diego, CA (ABC/NBC) begins broadcasting
1953 - WFIE TV channel 14 in Evansville, IN (NBC) begins broadcasting
1954 - Earthquake strikes Orleansville Algeria: 1,400 killed
1954 - Indians becomes 1st Cleveland team to win 100 games in a season
1955 - Don Zimmer, hits 4,000th Dodger home run
Singer & Cultural Icon Elvis PresleySinger & Cultural Icon Elvis Presley 1955 - Elvis Presley's 1st appearance on Ed Sullivan's Show
1955 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA St Louis Golf Open
1956 - 70th US Womens Tennis: Shirley J Fry beats Althea Gibson (63 64)
1956 - 76th US Mens Tennis: Ken Rosewall beats Lewis Hoad (46 62 63 63)
1956 - African Party for Liberation of Guinea-Bissau & Cape Verde forms
1956 - Elvis Presley appears on the Ed Sullivan Show for the 1st time
1957 - "Diana" by Paul Anka reaches #1
1957 - Nashville's new Hattie Cotton Elementary School dynamited
1957 - Pres Eisenhower signs 1st civil rights bill since Reconstruction
1958 - Pirate Roberto Clemente ties record of 3 triples in a game
1958 - Race riots in Notting Hill Gate, London
1960 - 4th American Football League plays 1st game (Denver 13, Boston 10)
1961 - Maria Beale Fletcher (NC), 19, crowned 34th Miss America 1962
1962 - 76th US Womens Tennis: Margaret Smith Court beats Darlene Hard (97 64)
1962 - 82nd US Mens Tennis: Rodney G Laver beats Roy Emerson (62 64 57 64)
Baseball Player Roberto ClementeBaseball Player Roberto Clemente 1962 - Shirley Englehorn wins LPGA Eugene Golf Open
1962 - Soviet economist Liberman plead for autonomous businesses
1962 - WNYS (now WIXT) TV channel 9 in Syracuse, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
1963 - Alabama Gov George Wallace served a federal injunction to stop orders of state police to bar black students from enrolling in white schools
1964 - German DR government allows short visits to West Germany
1964 - John Osborne's "Inadmissable Evidence," premieres in London
1965 - Francois Mitterrand nominated for French presidency
1965 - Sandy Koufax pitches his 4th no-hitter, a perfect game vs Cubs (1-0)
1965 - Tibet is made an autonomous region of China
1966 - The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1967 - 1st successful Test flight of a Saturn V
1967 - Debra Dene Barnes (Kansas), 20, crowned 40th Miss America 1968
1967 - Uganda declares independence from Great Britain
1968 - 1st US Open, held as an "open" (Arthur Ashe-wins)
1968 - Arthur Ashe defeats Tom Okker to win US Tennis Open
36th US President Lyndon B. Johnson36th US President Lyndon B. Johnson 1968 - WGIQ TV channel 43 in Louisville, AL (PBS) begins broadcasting
1968 - WVPT TV channel 51 in Staunton, VA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1969 - Allegheny 853 collides with Piper Cherokee above Indiana, kills 82
1969 - Seaplane crashes at Indianapolis, kills 83
1969 - Smallest US Tennis Open single session-131 (men's doubles final only)
1969 - WCVN TV channel 54 in Covington, KY (PBS) begins broadcasting
1970 - Bowie Kuhn suspends Denny McLain for carrying a gun
1970 - Feyenoord wins soccer's World Cup
1971 - 1,000 convicts riot & seize Attica, NY prison
1971 - John Lennon & Yoko Ono appear on Dick Cavett Show (ABC-TV)
1971 - John Lennon releases "Imagine" album
1971 - NHL great Gordie Howe retires
1972 - 86th US Womens Tennis: Billie Jean M King beats K Melville (63 75)
1972 - Terry Anne Meeuwsen (Wisc), 23, crowned 45th Miss America 1973
1973 - 93rd US Mens Tennis: John Newcombe beats Jan Kodes (64 16 46 62 62)
Musician and Beatle John LennonMusician and Beatle John Lennon 1973 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Dallas Civitan Golf Open
1974 - 88th US Womens Tennis: B J M King beats E Goolagong Cawley (36 63 75)
1975 - Viking 2 Mars probe launch
1977 - 1st TRS-80 computer sold
1977 - Tiger rookies Lou Whitaker & Allan Trammell debut together & will play together for 19 years
1978 - 3rd game of Boston Massacre; Yanks beat Red Sox 7-0
1978 - 92nd US Womens Tennis: Chris E L Mills beats Pam Shriver (75 64)
1978 - Balt Orioles pull their 7th triple play (5-4-3 vs Toronto)
1978 - Iraqi Ayatollah Khomeini calls for uprising in Irani army
1978 - Kylene Barker (Virginia), crowned 51st Miss America 1979
1979 - 31st Emmy Awards: Taxi, Lou Grant, Ron Leibman & Ruth Gordon
1979 - 93rd US Womens Tennis: Tracy Austin beats C E Lloyd Mills (64 63)
1979 - 99th US Mens Tennis: John McEnroe beats Vitas Gerulaitis (75 63 63)
1979 - Sally Little wins LPGA Columbia Savings Golf Classic
1979 - Sid Bernstein offers $½ billion for a Beatle reunion
Tennis Player John McEnroeTennis Player John McEnroe 1981 - Vernon E Jordan resigns as president of National Urban League
1982 - "Your Arms are Too Short..." opens at Alvin NYC for 69 performances
1982 - Columbia mated with SRBs & external tank in preparation for STS-5
1982 - Conestoga 1, 1st private commercial rocket, makes suborbital flight
1983 - Challenger returns to Kennedy Space Center via Sheppard AFB, Texas
1983 - Radio Shack announces their color computer 2 (Coco2)
1983 - Vitas Gerulatis bets his house that Martina Navratilova can't beat 100th ranked male tennis player
1984 - 104th US Mens Tennis: John McEnroe beats Ivan Lendl (63 64 61)
1984 - Amy Alcott wins LPGA Portland Ping Golf Championship
1985 - President Reagan orders sanctions against South Africa
1985 - Race riot in Birmingham, England
1986 - Minn Tommy Krammer passes for 6 touchdowns vs Green Bay (42-7)
1986 - NYC jury indicts Gennadly Zakharov (Soviet UN employee) of spying
1987 - Gary Hart admits on "Nightline," to cheating on his wife
1987 - Largest US Tennis Open single night session (total) 21,016
NBA Legend Larry BirdNBA Legend Larry Bird 1987 - Larry Bird (Celtics), begins NBA free throw streak of 59
1987 - Nolan Ryan strikes out his 4,500th batter
1988 - Braves Bruce Sutter joins Fingers & Gossage to save 300 games
1988 - Chris Evert defaults at US Open due to a stomach flu
1988 - US swamps NZ at 27th America`s Cup: NZ set to appeal
1989 - 103rd US Womens Tennis: Steffi Graf beats M Navratilova (36 75 61)
1990 - 110th US Mens Tennis: Pete Sampras beats Andre Agassi (64 63 62)
1990 - Liberia president Samuel K Doe is captured by Mr Johnson's forces
1990 - Oakland beats NY 7-3 to complete a 12-game sweep of Yankees this year
1990 - Patty Sheehan wins LPGA Ping-Cellular One Golf Championship
1990 - George Bush & Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Helsinki& amp; urge Iraq to leave Kuwait
1991 - Mike Tyson indicted for rape of Desiree Washington
1991 - Only 1,695 fans watch Boston Red Sox play Cleveland
1992 - 1st time Baltimore Orioles draw 3 million fans at home
1992 - 9th MTV Awards: Howard Stern appears as Fartman
Radio shock jock Howard SternRadio shock jock Howard Stern 1992 - Robin Yount, is 17th to get 3,000 hits
1993 - Croupier of casino in Bristol ,England, shoots a 4 a record eight times
1993 - PLO recognizes state of Israel
1993 - Ukraine premier Leonid Koetsjma, (Kuchma) resigns
1994 - Space shuttle STS 64 (Discovery 20), launches into orbit
1994 - Tu-22 crashes into Aeroflot Tu-134a at Zhukovsky, 7 killed
1995 - "Broadway Limited" last train ride (began in 1902)
1995 - 109th US Womens Tennis: Steffi Graf beats Monica Seles (76 06 63)
1995 - Dean St Station in Brooklyn, is 6th MTA station to close since 1904
1997 - Sinn Fein accepts Mitchell Principles on para-military disarmament
2001 - Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan.
2002 - Pitcher Randy Johnson reaches 300 strikeouts for the fifth consecutive season, extending his major league record
2004 - 2004 A bomb explodes outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 people.
2012 - 17 people are killed and at least 40 injured after two car bombs explode in Aleppo, Syria
2012 - 100 people are killed and 350 injured after a wave of attacks across Iraq
2012 - Armenia wins the 40th FIDE Chess Olympiad
Tennis Player Serena WilliamsTennis Player Serena Williams 2012 - Serena Williams wins her fourth women's tennis singles at the US Open
490 B.C. - The Battle of Marathon took place between the invading Persian army and the Athenian Army. The marathon race was derived from the events that occurred surrounding this battle. 1776 - The second Continental Congress officially made the term "United States", replacing the previous term "United Colonies." 1836 - Abraham Lincoln received his license to practice law. 1850 - California became the 31st state to join the union. 1898 - In Omaha, NE, Tommy Fleming of Eau Claire, WI won the first logrolling championship. 1893 - U.S. President Grover Cleveland's wife, Frances Cleveland, gave birth to a daughter, Esther. It was the first time a president's child was born in the White House. 1904 - Mounted police were used for the first time in the City of New York. 1911 - Italy declared war on the Ottoman Turks and annexed Libya, Tripolitania, and Cyrenaica in North Africa. 1919 - The majority of Boston's police force went on strike. The force was made up of 1,500 men. 1919 - Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin's HD-4, a hydrofoil craft, set a world marine speed record. 1926 - The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) was created by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). 1942 - Japan dropped incendiaries over NE in an attempt to set fire to the forests in Oregon and Washington. The forest did not ignite. 1943 - During World War II Allied forces landed at Taranto and Salerno. 1946 - Ben Alexander hosted "Heart’s Desire" for the first time on the Mutual Broadcasting System. 1948 - North Korea became the People's Democratic Republic of Korea. 1950 - Sal Maglie (New York Giants) pitched a fourth consecutive shutout. Only four other pitchers in the National League had ever accomplished this feat. 1957 - The first civil rights bill to pass Congress since Reconstruction was signed into law by U.S. President Eisenhower. 1965 - French President Charles de Gaulle announced that France was withdrawing from NATO to protest the domination of the U.S. in the organization. 1965 - Sandy Koufax of the Los Angeles Dodgers pitched the eighth perfect game in major league baseball history. 1971 - Gordie Howe of the Detroit Red Wings retired from the National Hockey League (NHL). 1979 - Tracy Austin, at 16, became the youngest player to win the U.S. Open women’s tennis title. 1981 - Nicaragua declared a state of economic emergency and banned strikes. 1983 - The Soviet Union announced that the Korean jetliner the was shot down on September 1, 1983 was not an accident or an error. 1984 - Walter Payton of the Chicago Bears broke Jim Brown’s combined yardage record when he reached 15,517 yards. 1986 - Frank Reed was taken hostage in Lebanon by pro-Iranian kidnappers. The director of a private school in Lebanon was released 44 months later. 1986 - Ted Turner presented the first of his colorized films on WTBS in Atlanta, GA. 1986 - Gennadiy Zakharov was indicted by a New York jury on espionage charges. Zakharov was a Soviet United Nations employee. 1987 - Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer aired for the last time on CBS. 1993 - Israeli and PLO leaders agreed to recognize each other. 1994 - The U.S. agreed to accept about 20,000 Cuban immigrants a year. This was in return for Cuba's promise to halt the flight of refugees. 1994 - The space shuttle Discovery blasted off on an 11-day mission. 1995 - Amtrak's Broadway Limited service made its final run between New York City, NY and Chicago, IL. 1997 - Sinn Fein, the IRA's political ally, formally renounced violence as it took its place in talks on Northern Ireland's future. 1998 - Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr delivered to the U.S. Congress 36 boxes of material concerning his investigation of U.S. President Clinton. 1998 - Four tourists who had paid $32,500 each were taken in submarine to view the wreckage of the Titanic. The ship is 2 miles below the Atlantic off Newfoundland. 1999 - The Sega Dreamcast game system went on sale. By 1:00pm all Toys R Us locations in the U.S. had sold out. 2008 - The iTunes Music Store reached 100 million applications downloaded. 2009 - The iTunes Music Store reached 1.8 billion applications downloaded.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/sep09.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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