Sunday, September 28, 2014

On This Day in History - September 28 William the Conqueror and the Norman Invasion of England

Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!


Sep 28, 1066: William the Conqueror invades England

Claiming his right to the English throne, William, duke of Normandy, invades England at Pevensey on Britain's southeast coast. His subsequent defeat of King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings marked the beginning of a new era in British history.  

William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy, by his concubine Arlette, a tanner's daughter from the town of Falaise. The duke, who had no other sons, designated William his heir, and with his death in 1035 William became duke of Normandy at age seven. Rebellions were epidemic during the early years of his reign, and on several occasions the young duke narrowly escaped death. Many of his advisers did not. By the time he was 20, William had become an able ruler and was backed by King Henry I of France. Henry later turned against him, but William survived the opposition and in 1063 expanded the borders of his duchy into the region of Maine.  

In 1051, William is believed to have visited England and met with his cousin Edward the Confessor, the childless English king. According to Norman historians, Edward promised to make William his heir. On his deathbed, however, Edward granted the kingdom to Harold Godwine, head of the leading noble family in England and more powerful than the king himself.  

In January 1066, King Edward died, and Harold Godwine was proclaimed King Harold II. William immediately disputed his claim. In addition, King Harald III Hardraade of Norway had designs on England, as did Tostig, brother of Harold. King Harold rallied his forces for an expected invasion by William, but Tostig launched a series of raids instead, forcing the king to leave the English Channel unprotected. In September, Tostig joined forces with King Harald III and invaded England from Scotland. On September 25, Harold met them at Stamford Bridge and defeated and killed them both. Three days later, William landed in England at Pevensey.  

With approximately 7,000 troops and cavalry, William seized Pevensey and marched to Hastings, where he paused to organize his forces. On October 13, Harold arrived near Hastings with his army, and the next day William led his forces out to give battle. At the end of a bloody, all-day battle, King Harold II was killed--shot in the eye with an arrow, according to legend--and his forces were defeated.  

William then marched on London and received the city's submission. On Christmas Day, 1066, William the Conqueror was crowned the first Norman king of England, in Westminster Abbey, and the Anglo-Saxon phase of English history came to an end. French became the language of the king's court and gradually blended with the Anglo-Saxon tongue to give birth to modern English. William I proved an effective king of England, and the "Domesday Book," a great census of the lands and people of England, was among his notable achievements. Upon the death of William I in 1087, his son, William Rufus, became William II, the second Norman king of England.          


 











 




Sep 28, 1918: British soldier allegedly spares the life of an injured Adolf Hitler

On September 28, 1918, in an incident that would go down in the lore of World War I history—although the details of the event are still unclear—Private Henry Tandey, a British soldier serving near the French village of Marcoing, reportedly encounters a wounded German soldier and declines to shoot him, sparing the life of 29-year-old Lance Corporal Adolf Hitler.  

Tandey, a native of Warwickshire, took part in the First Battle of Ypres in October 1914 and the Battle of the Somme in 1916, where he was wounded in the leg. After being discharged from the hospital, he was transferred to the 9th Battalion in France and was wounded again during the Third Battle of Ypres at Passchendaele in the summer of 1917. From July to October 1918, Tandey served with the 5th Duke of Wellington Regiment; it was during this time that he took part in the successful British capture of Marcoing, for which he earned a Victoria Cross for "conspicuous bravery."  

As Tandey later told sources, during the final moments of that battle, as the German troops were in retreat, a wounded German soldier entered Tandey’s line of fire. "I took aim but couldn’t shoot a wounded man," Tandey remembered, "so I let him go." The German soldier nodded in thanks, and disappeared.  

Though sources do not exist to prove the exact whereabouts of Adolf Hitler on that day in 1918, an intriguing link emerged to suggest that he was in fact the soldier Tandey spared. A photograph that appeared in London newspapers of Tandey carrying a wounded soldier at Ypres in 1914 was later portrayed on canvas in a painting by the Italian artist Fortunino Matania glorifying the Allied war effort. As the story goes, when British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain traveled to Germany in 1938 to engage Hitler in a last-ditch effort to avoid another war in Europe, he was taken by the führer to his new country retreat in Bavaria. There, Hitler showed Chamberlain his copy of the Matania painting, commenting, "That’s the man who nearly shot me." 

The authenticity of the Tandey-Hitler encounter remains in dispute, though evidence does suggest that Hitler had a reproduction of the Matania painting as early as 1937—a strange acquisition for a man who had been furious and devastated by the German defeat at Allied hands in the Great War. Twice decorated as a soldier, Hitler was temporarily blinded by a mustard gas attack in Belgium in October 1918 and was in a military hospital in Pacewalk, Germany, when he received news of the German surrender. The experiences of battle—first glory and ultimately disillusion and despondence—would color the rest of Hitler’s life and career, as he admitted in 1941, after leading his country into another devastating conflict: "When I returned from the War, I brought back home with me my experiences at the front; out of them I built my National Socialist community."


 
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:

48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt.
235 - Bishop of Rome Pontianus steps down
351 - Battle at Mursa: emperor Constantine II beats emperor Magnentius
365 - Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
935 - Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.
995 - Members of Slavník's dynasty - Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
1066 - William the Conqueror invades England landing at Pevensey Bay, Sussex
1106 - Battle at Tinchebrai: English King Henry I beats his brother Robert
1322 - Battle of Muhldorf
1362 - Guillaum de Grimoard elected as Pope Urban V
1394 - Cardinal Pedro de Luna of Aragon chosen (anti)pope Benedictus XIII
1448 - Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
1521 - Turkish sultan Suleiman I's troops occupy Belgrade
1528 - Spanish fleet sinks in Florida hurricane; about 380 die
1538 - Battle at Preveza: Turkish fleet under Barbarossa beats Spanish
1542 - Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo discovers California, at San Diego Bay
1621 - Battle at Chocim Dniester: King Sigismund II beats Turks
1652 - English-Dutch sea battle at Kentish Knock
1687 - Venetians take Athens from the Turks
Roman Military and Political Leader Pompey the GreatRoman Military and Political Leader Pompey the Great 1701 - Divorce legalized in Maryland, USA
1704 - Maryland allows divorce if wife mispleases clergyman/preacher
1708 - Battle at Lesnaya: Russian army captures Swedish convoy
1745 - Bonnie Prince Charlie becomes king of Scotland
1760 - Russian & Austrian army occupies Berlin
1767 - Gentlemen 17 forbid private slave transport India to Cape of Good Hope
1779 - American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
1781 - 9,000 American forces & 7,000 French forces begin siege of Yorktown
1785 - Napoleon Bonaparte (16) graduates from the military academy in Paris (42nd in a class of 51)
1787 - Congress sends Constitution to state legislatures for their approval
1815 - Joachim Murats fleet sails from Corsica to Naples
1829 - Walker's Appeal, racial antislavery pamphlet, published in Boston
1844 - Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
1850 - US Navy abolishes flogging as punishment
1858 - Donati's comet becomes 1st to be photographed
French Emperor Napoleon BonaparteFrench Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte 
1864 - -30) Battle of Fort Harrison VA (Chaffin's Farm New Market Heights)
1867 - Toronto becomes capital of Ontario
1867 - The United States takes control of Midway Island.
1868 - Battle of Alcolea, causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France
1868 - Opelousas Massacre at St Landry Parish Louisiana (200 blacks killed)
1879 - Sydney Australia inaugurates steam motor tram route
1887 - Gele River (Huang Ho) in China floods, kills about 1.5 million
1889 - The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
1892 - 1st night football game played (Mansfield Pa)
1894 - Simon Marks & Tom Spencer open Penny Bazaar in Manchester
1899 - Transvaal mobilizes
1901 - Guerrilla's assault unarmed US soldiers in Balangiga Phil, 38 killed
1904 - Woman arrested for smoking a cigarette in a car on 5th Avenue, NYC
1906 - US troops reoccupy Cuba, stay until 1909
1912 - "Kiche Maru" sinks off Japan, killing 1,000
1912 - SS Kichemaru disappears in storm off Japanese coast, 1,000 die
1914 - German forces move into Antwerp Belgium (WW I)
1915 - Battle of Kut-el-Amara: Brits defeat Turks in Mesopotamia
1919 - Fastest major league game (51 mins), Giants beat Phillies 6-1
1920 - 8 White Sox indicted, threw 1919 World Series (Black Sox scandal)
1920 - Dirk Fock appointed as gov-gen of Neth Indies
1921 - 4th PGA Championship: Walter Hagen at Inwood CC Far Rockaway NY
Italian Dictator Benito MussoliniItalian Dictator Benito Mussolini 1922 - Benito Mussolini marches on Rome
1923 - Abyssinia (Ethiopia) leaves League of Nations
1923 - Radio Times 1st published
1923 - Yanks slaughter Red Sox 24-4
1924 - 2 US Army planes end around-world flight, Seattle to Seattle, 57 stops
1924 - French government names Gen Serrail gov-gen of Syria
1924 - Gen Plutarco Calles elected president of Mexico
1926 - Russia & Latvia treaty of neutrality signed
1928 - 1st recording session in Nashville (Warmack's Gully Jumpers)
1928 - Juan de la Cierva makes 1st helicopter flight over English Channel
1928 - NY Yanks clinch pennant #6
1928 - Prussia forbids speech from Adolf Hitler
1928 - US acknowledge Chinese government of Chiang Kai-shek
1928 - Valentin Katayev's "Kvadratura Kruga," premieres in Moscow
1928 - UK passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf HitlerDictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler 1929 - 1st CF interception return for a touchdown (Joe Hess-U of Alberta)
1930 - Lou Gehrig's errorless streak ends at 885 consecutive games
1931 - Peking (200,000 demonstrators demand declaration of war on Japan)
1932 - 1932 Baseball World Series opens with the Chicago Cubs vs. NY Yankees (6-12)
1933 - Greer Garson wed Edward Snelson
1936 - Bachelor's Children debuts on CBS radio (at 9:45 am)
1936 - Brooklyn & Boston play a penalty free NFL game
1937 - FDR dedicates Bonneville Dam on Columbia River (Oregon)
1937 - Martha Raye divorces Bud Westmore
1938 - Clare Boothe's "Boys Goodbye," premieres in NYC
1938 - Dutch Premier Colijn sends radio message "No war coming"
1939 - Estonia accepts Soviet military bases
1939 - Final broadcast of The Fleischmann Hour was heard on radio
1939 - Soviet-German treaty agree on 4th partition of Poland (WW II) & gives Lithuania to USSR, last Polish troops surrender
1940 - Michigan's Tom Harmon runs 72, 86 & 94 yard touchdowns
32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940 - Nazi occupiers present "New Dutch Culture" in German
1940 - Bud Brennan, a fan at Memorial Stadium, races out of stands & attempts to tackle Tom Harmon at 3-yard line, Harmon easily evades Brennan
1941 - Phillies lose club record 111th game
1941 - Ted Williams ended the baseball season with .406 batting avg
1942 - Luftwaffe bombs Stalingrad
1942 - NY Americans NHL team folded
1944 - 1st TV Musical comedy (The Boys from Boise)
1944 - Battle of Arnhem, Germans defeat British airborne in Netherlands
1944 - Nazi murders in Marzabotto, Italy (SS-major Reder)
1945 - "Mildred Price" starring Joan Crawford opens at Strand
1945 - Canadian football's Calgary Bronks changes its name to Stampeders
1945 - Robert T Duncan appears as Tonio in "I Pagliacci"
1946 - Greek king George II back in Athens

1948 - WBAP-TV, (NBC affiliate) Fort Worth Texas, begins broadcasting
1949 - "My Friend Irma" is 1st of 12 films starring Dean Martin & Jerry Lewis
1950 - Indonesia becomes 60th member of UN
1951 - Allie Reynolds' 2nd no-hitter of 1951; Yanks clinch pennant #18
1951 - Franchot Tone wed Barbara Payton
1951 - Norm Van Brocklin of Rams passes for NFL-record 554 yards
1953 - "Bob & Ray Show," TV Variety; last air on NBC
1953 - "Juvenile Jury," TV Childrens, last airs on NBC, moved to CBS
1953 - "Racket Squad," TV Crime Drama, last airs on CBS
1953 - Dutch government proclaims 5% general pay increase on Jan 1, 1954
1953 - KOAT TV channel 7 in Albuquerque, NM (ABC/PBS) begins broadcasting
1955 - 1st World Series color TV broadcast on NBC-TV (Yanks beat Dodgers)
1955 - WITN TV channel 7 in Washington, NC (NBC) begins broadcasting
1956 - "Johnny Carson Show," TV Variety; last airs on CBS-TV
1956 - RCA Records reports Elvis Presley sold over 10 million records
1957 - "Dollar A Second," last airs on NBC-TV
1957 - "Gisele MacKenzie Show," debuts on NBC-TV
1957 - "Honeycomb," by Jimmie Rodgers hits #1
1957 - Dutch Queen Juliana opens Velser Tunnels
1958 - France adopts constitution
Singer & Cultural Icon Elvis PresleySinger & Cultural Icon Elvis Presley 1958 - Guinea votes for independence from France
1958 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1958 - USAF selects Thor over Jupiter rocket for mass production as ICBM's
1959 - "Hennesey," debuts on CBS-TV
1959 - Edward Franklin Albee's "zoo story," premieres in Berlin
1959 - Explorer VI reveals an intense radiation belt around Earth
1960 - "Millionaire," last airs on CBS-TV
1960 - "My Heart Has a Mind of Its Own," by Connie Francis hits #1
1960 - "Queen For A Day," moves to ABC-TV
1960 - "Sunrise at Campobello" premiered at Palace theater
1960 - Ted Williams hits his final homer #521 (off Jack Fisher)
1961 - "Doctor Kildare," debuts on NBC-TV
1961 - "Hazel," starring Shirley Booth debuts on NBC-TV
1961 - "Purlie Victorious," a farce by Ossie Davis, opens on Broadway
1961 - Syria withdraws from United Arab Republic
Baseball Player Ted WilliamsBaseball Player Ted Williams 1961 - USN Comdr Forrest S Petersen takes X-15 to 30,720 m
1961 - Walt Disney's movie "Grey Friars Bobby" premieres
1962 - "Brighter Day," last airs on CBS-TV daytime
1962 - "I'm Dickens, He's Fenster," debuts on ABC-TV
1962 - "Jan Murray Show," last airs on NBC-TV
1962 - "Tonight Show," last airs on NBC-TV
1962 - "Verdict Is Yours," last airs on CBS-TV
1962 - Alouette (Canada), 1st Canadian satellite, launched
1962 - Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
1963 - "King Leonardo," cartoon last airs on NBC-TV
1963 - "Little Deuce Coupe" by The Beach Boys peaks at #15
1963 - "Martian Hop" by The Ran-Dells peaks at #1
1963 - "New Phil Silvers Show," debuts on CBS-TV
1963 - "Nick Teen & Al K Hall" by Rolf Harris peaks at #95
1963 - "Sally, Go 'Round The Roses" by Jaynetts peaks at #2
1963 - "Shari Lewis Show," last airs on NBC-TV
1963 - "Surfer Joe" by Surfaris peaks at #62
1963 - "Tennessee Tuxedo," cartoon debuts on CBS-TV
1963 - Giuseppe Cantarella roller-skates record 25.78 mph (415 k) for 440 yds
1963 - Murray The K, a NY DJ plays "She Loves You" on the radio
1964 - 53rd Davis Cup: Australia beats USA in Cleveland (3-2)
1964 - Suriname governor A Currie resigns
1965 - Jack McKay in X-15 reaches 90 km
1965 - Lava flows kill at least 350 (Taal Philippines)
1965 - Volcano explodes on Luzon Philippines; 500 killed
1967 - Walter Washington elected 1st mayor of Washington, DC
1968 - "Happy Time" closes at Broadway Theater NYC after 286 performances
1968 - "Noel Coward's Sweet Potato" opens at Barrymore NYC for 17 perfs
1968 - Alberto Giolani of Italy roller skates record 23.133 miles in 1 hr
1968 - Atlanta Chiefs beat San Diego Toros 3-0 for NASL championship
1968 - Beatles "Hey Jude," single goes #1 and stays #1 for 9 weeks
1968 - Chuck Hixson (Southern Methodist) completes 37 of record 69 passes
1968 - Janis Joplin announces she's leaving "Big Brother & Holding Co"
1968 - Marisa Danisi of West Germany roller skates record 21.995 miles in 1 hr
1969 - Joe Kapp (Minnesota Vikings) passes for 7 touchdowns vs Balt Colts (52-14)
1969 - Minnesota vs Baltimore, gains 530 yards passing!
1969 - SPD wins West German Parliament elections
1970 - "Words & Music," debuts on NBC-TV
1970 - Anwar Sadat replaces Egyptian President Nassar
1970 - Intrepid (US) beats Gretel II (Aust) in 22nd America's Cup
1971 - Cardinal Josef Mindszenty of Hungary took refuge in US Embassy in
1971 - NY Times reports growing interest of white youth in black gospel music
1971 - Budapest in 1956 to escape treason charges, ends exile & flies to Rome
1971 - UK passes the Misuse of Drugs Act banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
1972 - David Bowie sells out his 1st show in NY Carnegie Hall
1972 - Japan & Communist China agree to re-establish diplomatic relations
1972 - Canada defeats the USSR in the eigth and final game of the ice hockey Summit Series.
1973 - Palestinian Terrorists hijack Austrian train
1973 - ITT Building in New York City bombed to protest ITT's involvement in the September 11 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
1974 - "Ain't Nothing Like The Real Thing" by Aretha Franklin peaks at #47
1974 - "I'm A Ramblin' Man" by Waylon Jennings peaks at #75
1974 - "Live It Up Part 1" by Isley Brothers peaks at #52
Godfather of Soul James BrownGodfather of Soul James Brown 1974 - "Papa Don't Take No Mess Part 1" by James Brown peaks at #31
1974 - "Rock Me Gently" by Andy Kim peaks at #1
1974 - "Surfin' USA" by Beach Boys reenters chart & peaks at #36
1974 - 1st Lady Betty Ford undergoes a radical mastectomy
1974 - California Angel Nolan Ryan 3rd no-hitter beats Minn Twin, 4-0
1974 - John Lennon appears as guest dj on WNEW-FM (NYC)
1974 - Mick Ronson joins Mott the Hoople
1975 - 5th NYC Women's Marathon won by Kim Merritt in 2:46:14
1975 - 6th NYC Marathon won by Tom Fleming in 2:19:27
1975 - Bill authorizes admission of women to military academies
1975 - Oakland A's Vida Blue, Glenn Abbott, Paul Linblad & Rollie Fingers, no-hits California Angels 5-0
1975 - The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people were taken as hostages, takes place in London.
1976 - A&M sues George Harrison who fails to meet deadline for LP completion
1976 - Congress passes Toxic Substances Control Act
1976 - Muhammad Ali beats Ken Norton in 15 for heavyweight boxing title
1978 - Israeli Knesset endorses Camp David accord
1978 - Pieter Botha succeeds Vorster as premier of South Africa
1978 - Syrians & Lebanese engage in heavy fighting in Lebanon
1979 - Larry Holmes TKOs Earnie Shavers in 11 for heavyweight boxing title
1980 - "Charlie & Algernon" closes at Helen Hayes Theater NYC after 17 perfs
1980 - Carl Sagan's 13 part "Cosmos" premieres on PBS
1980 - Jaromir Wagner is 1st to fly Atlantic standing on wing
1980 - Jerilyn Britz wins LPGA Mary Kay Golf Classic
1981 - Joseph Paul Franklin, avowed racist, sentenced to life imprisonment for killing 2 black joggers in Salt Lake City
1982 - 1st reports appear of death from cyanide-laced Tylenol capsules
1982 - NASA launches Intelsat V satellite, no. 505
1983 - STS-9 vehicle moves to launch pad
1984 - 1st floodlit ODI outside of Australia (India v Aust, New Delhi)
1984 - Cleve Indians down 0-10 to Minnesota Twins, win 11-10
1985 - "Don't Lose My Number" by Phil Collins peaks at #4
1985 - "Every Step Of The Way" by John Waite peaks at #25
1985 - "Freedom" by Wham! peaks at #3
1985 - "Janet" by Commodores peaks at #87
1985 - NASA launches Intelsat VA
1985 - Race riot in London area of Brixton
1986 - Record 23,000 start in a marathon (Mexico City)
1986 - Tight end Brian Foster of RI catches NCAA record 18 passes for 327 yds
1986 - Cleveland Browns' Gerald McNeil sets the team record for the longest punt return with an 84-yard run (and TD), Browns 24, Detroit 21
1987 - "Star Trek: The Next Generation," debuts on syndicated TV
1987 - Gladys Knight & Smokey Robinson on "$10,000 Pyramid"
1988 - Bronx Museum for Arts opens
1988 - Javed Miandad scores his 19th Test Cricket century (v Aus, Faisalabad)
1988 - LA Dodger Orel Hershiser sets record for consecutive scoreless inns
1990 - Exiled emir of Kuwait visits White House
Singer Marvin GayeSinger Marvin Gaye 1990 - Marvin Gaye gets a star on Hollywood's walk of fame
1991 - "Commish," debuts on ABC-TV
1991 - "Good Time" by Ziggy Marley & Melody Makers peaks at #85
1991 - "Love Of A Lifetime" by Firehouse peaks at #5
1991 - "Shiny Happy People" by REM peaks to #10
1991 - NY Yankees set record of 75 games without a complete pitched game
1991 - UN weapons inspectors ends 5-day standoff with Iraq
1992 - "Barry Manilow's Showstoppers" closes at Paramount Theater NYC
1992 - "Dog City," cartoon debuts on Fox-TV
1992 - Oakland A's win AL West title
1992 - Pakistani Airbus A-300 crashes into mountain at Kathmandu, 167 dies
1993 - Dennis Martinez is 7th to win 100 games in AL & NL
1993 - Gas field in Caracas explodes, 53 killed
1993 - Ron Wood releases "Slide On Live"
1994 - "Baseball" TV Miniseries last airs on PBS
1994 - "Cats" 5,000th Broadway performance (joins Chorus Line & Oh! Calcutta!)
1994 - "Ed Wood" premieres
1994 - 909 people died when an Estonian ferry capsized & sank in Baltic sea
1994 - Ferry boat Estonia capsize & sinks in East Sea, 909 killed
1995 - "Batman Forever" released Czech Republic
1995 - Dennis Martinez pitch breaks Kirby Puckett's jaw in Indians 12-4 win
1995 - Mary Tyler Moore returns to series TV in "NY News," on CBS
1995 - Singer Bobby Brown escapes injury in gun battle
1995 - Troy Dixon scores cricket century on 1st-class debut for Qld v W Prov
1995 - Yitzhak Rabin & Yasir Arafat, sign accord to transfer West Bank
1995 - Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
1996 - 1st ODI played in Kenya between home team & Sri Lanka
1996 - Joyce Giraud, crowned 8th Ms Venus Swimwear
1996 - NY Yankee Jim Leyitz is 2nd catcher to wear a hockey mask
1996 - Nebraska & Penn State are 5th & 6th major colleges to win 700
1996 - Orioles' Roberto Alomar suspended 5 games for spitting at ump
1996 - Troy Davis of Iowa State ran for 378 yards, 3rd highest in college football games (others: Michigan, Notre Dame, Texas & Alabama)
1997 - 32nd Ryder Cup: Europe wins 14½-13½ to retain the Cup at Sotogrande Spain
1997 - Emerald Coast Senior Golf Classic
1997 - Newscaster David Brinkley, 74, retires after 54 years in broadcasting
1997 - St Louis Card Mark McGwire hits his 58th HR of 1997 (34 with Oak A's)
1997 - Wendy Ward wins LPGA Fieldcrest Cannon Classic
2000 - Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
2008 - SpaceX launches the first ever private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.
2009 - The military junta leading Guinea, headed by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, sexually assaulted, killed and wounded protesters during a protest rally in a stadium called Stade du 28 Septembre.
2012 - Aircraft crash kills 16 people in Kathmandu, Nepal
2012 - Nigeria suspends flights to Saudi Arabia after hundreds of Nigerian women travelled without a male escort




1066 - England was invaded by William the Conqueror who claimed the English throne.   1542 - San Diego, CA, was discovered by Portuguese navigator Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo.   1687 - The Turks surrendered Athens to the Venetians.   1781 - During the Revolutionary War, American forces began the siege on Yorktown, VA.   1787 - The U.S. Congress voted to send the new Constitution of the United States to the state legislatures for their approval.   1850 - The U.S. Navy abolished flogging as a form of punishment.   1850 - U.S. President Millard Fillmore named Brigham Young the first governor of the Utah territory. In 1857, U.S. President James Buchanan removed Young from the position.   1892 - The first nighttime football game in the U.S. took place under electric lights. The game was between the Mansfield State Normal School and the Wyoming Seminary.   1915 - The British defeated the Turks in Mesopotamia at Kut-el-Amara.   1924 - The first around-the-world flight was completed by two U.S. Army planes when they landed in Seattle, WA. The trip took 175 days.   1936 - "Bachelor's Children" debuted on CBS Radio.   1939 - During World War II, Germany and the Soviet Union agreed upon a plan on the division of Poland.   1939 - "Fleischmann Hour" aired for the last time on radio.   1944 - "The Boys From Boise" was shown on WABD in New York as the first full-length comedy written for television.   1950 - The United Nations admitted Indonesia.   1955 - The World Series was televised in color for the first time. The game was between the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers.   1961 - "Dr. Kildare" premiered on NBC-TV.   1961 - "Hazel" premiered on NBC-TV.   1967 - The first mayor of Washington, DC, Walter Washington, took office.   1968 - The Atlanta Chiefs won the first North American Soccer League Championship.   1972 - Communist China and Japan agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations.   1974 - First Lady Betty Ford underwent a mastectomy to remove a lump in her breast.   1978 - Heavy fighting occurred in Lebanon between Syrian peacekeeping troops and Lebanese Christian militiamen.   1978 - Don Sherman, editor of Car & Driver, set a new Class E record in Utah. Driving the Mazda RX7 he reached a speed of 183.904 mph.   1984 - Bob Hope showed outtakes of his 34 years in television on NBC.   1991 - In response to U.S. President Bush's reduction of U.S. nuclear arms Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev promised to reciprocate.   1995 - Yasser Arafat of the PLO and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin signed an accord that transferred control of the West Bank.   1997 - The 103rd convention of the Audio Engineering Society (AES) was held in New York City, NY. The official debut of the DVD format was featured.   2000 - The U.S. Federal Drug Administration approved the use of RU-486 in the United States. The pill is used to induce an abortion.   2004 - The U.S. Federal Reserve and the U.S. Secret Service introduced the first newly redesigned $50 bill.   2004 - Nate Olive and Sarah Jones arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border to complete the first known continuous hike of the 1,800-mile trail down the U.S. Pacific Coast. They started the trek on June 8.   2009 - The iTunes Music Store reached 2 billion applications downloaded.




1542 Portuguese explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo arrived at present-day San Diego. 1781 The closing campaign of the American Revolution at Yorktown Heights, Va. began. 1920 Eight Chicago White Sox players were indicted for fixing the 1919 World Series in the "Black Sox scandal." 1924 Two U.S. Army planes landed in Seattle after completing the first round-the-world-flight in 175 days. 1939 A German-Soviet agreement divided Poland between Nazi Germany and the USSR. 1967 Walter Washington became the first mayor of the District of Columbia. 1972 Japan and Communist China agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations. 1989 Former Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos died in exile in Hawaii. 1991 Jazz great Miles Davis died. 2003 Althea Gibson, the first African-American tennis player to win at Wimbledon, died.


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