Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
Today is an important date in American history. It was on this day in 1767 that Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon completed their survey and drew a line in the sand, almost literally. They set up the divide between North and South in the Americas, in what would soon come to be the United States. That line is still recognized today, and is in fact named after them. Indeed, the Mason-Dixon line is still largely recognized by many today as the de facto dividing point between the North and the South in the United States, and it figured prominently in American history, as well, particularly as the divide between slave states and those states opposed to slavery leading up to the Civil War. One century later, the United States took possession of Alaska on this day in 1867. And noted American inventor Thomas Edison died on this day in 1931.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
707 - John VII ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.
1016 - Danes defeat Saxons at Battle of Assandun (Ashingdon)
1081 - Battle at Durazzo/Durres: Normans under Robert Guiscard beat Byzantine
1267 - Battle at Marienholz: Henry III, Otto II van Gelre beat Keuls archbishop Engelbert III
1356 - Basel earthquake, the most significant historic seismological event north of the Alps, destroyed the town of Basel, Switzerland.
1386 - Opening of the University of Heidelberg
1534 - New pursuit of French protestants
1561 - Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima -- Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts.
1564 - John Hawkins begins 2nd trip to America
1572 - Spanish troops attack Maastricht
1622 - French King Louis XIII & Huguenots sign treaty of Montpellier
1648 - 1st US labor organization forms (Boston Shoemakers)
1667 - English fleet plunders Suriname plantations
1672 - Poland & Turkey sign Peace of Buczacz
On this day in 1685, French King Louis XIV, also known as the "Sun King," revoked the Edict of Nantes, which effectively cancelled the rights of French Protestants (the Huguenots) and outlawed Protestantism in France. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which ended the War of Austrian Succession, was signed on this day in 1748. This day in 1752 marked the premiere of Rousseau's opera "Le Devin du Village."
1767 - Boundary between MD & PA, Mason Dixon line, agreed upon
1775 - African-American poet Phillis Wheatley freed from slavery.
1776 - In a NY bar decorated with bird tail, customer orders "cock tail"
1776 - Battle of Pelham: Col John Glover & Marblehead regiment meet British Forces in Bronx
1855 - Franz Liszt's "Prometheus," premieres
1860 - The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
1862 - Morgan's raiders capture federal garrison at Lexington, KY
1863 - Battle of Charlestown, WV
1867 - US takes formal possession of Alaska from Russia ($7.2 million)
1869 - Henrik Ibsen's "De Unges Forbund," premieres in Christiania (Oslo)
1873 - 1st football game between Toronto Argonauts & Hamilton Tigers
1873 - Columbia Princeton Rutgers & Yale set rules for collegiate football
1878 - Edison makes electricity available for household usage
1887 - Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "A Case of Identity" (BG)
1889 - 1st all NYC World Series NY Giants (NL) play Bkln (AA)
Composer/Pianist Franz LisztComposer/Pianist Franz Liszt 1890 - John Owen is 1st man to run 100 yd dash in under 10 seconds
1891 - 1st international 6-day bicycle race in US (Madison Square Garden, NYC) begins
1892 - 1st commercial long-distance phone line opens (Chicago-NY)
1898 - American flag raised in Puerto Rico
1901 - Belgium's Louise of den Plas begins activities towards women rights
1904 - Gustav Mahler's 5th symphony premieres in Cologne
1908 - Belgium annexes Congo Free State
1909 - Comte de Lambert of France sets airplane altitude record of 300 m
1910 - Edward Forster publishes "Howards End"
1912 - Beginning of 1st Balkan War
1912 - Italo-Turkish war ends
1913 - Austrian-Hungary demands that Serbia & Albania leave
1914 - The Schoenstatt Movement is founded in Germany.
1915 - 3rd Italians offensive at Isonzo
1918 - Czechoslovakia declares Independence from Austro-Hungarian Empire
1918 - NHL's Quebec Bulldogs sold to a Toronto businessman P J Quinn
1918 - Russian 10th Army drives out White armies of Tsaritsyn (Stalingrad)
1922 - British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) forms
1924 - Harold "Red" Grange, finest collegiate football game (4 long TD runs)
1924 - Notre Dame beats Army 13-7, NY Hearld Tribune dubs them (4 Horsemen)
1925 - -20] French Gen Sarrail bombs Damascus
1925 - Salt Lake City (PCL) Tony Lazzeri hits his 60th HR of the season
Marxist Revolutionary Vladimir LeninMarxist Revolutionary Vladimir Lenin 1926 - Frankfurter Zeitung publishes Lenins political testament
1929 - Women are considered "Persons" under Canadian law.
1930 - Joseph Sylvester becomes 1st jockey to win 7 races in 1 day
1932 - Belgium government of Renkin falls
1934 - Chinese Red leader under Mao Tse Tung begins Long March
1939 - R Rodgers & Lorenz Harts "Too Many Girls," premieres in NYC
1940 - Kaufman & Harts "George Washington Slept Here," premieres in NYC
1941 - Spy Richard Sorge arrested in Tokyo
1942 - Hitler orders allied commandos to be killed
1943 - US bombing of Bougainville, Solomon Island
1944 - Eisenhower, Bradley & Montgomery confer in Brussel
1944 - Soviet troops invade Czechoslovakia during WW II
1945 - Nazi war crime trial opens in Nuremberg
1945 - Paul Robeson wins Spingarn Medal for singing & acting achievements
1946 - Aaron Copland's 3rd Symphony, premieres
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf HitlerDictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler 1948 - Operation 10 Plagues - Israeli offensive against Egyptian army
1950 - Connie Mack retires as manager of A's after 50 years
1951 - USSR performs nuclear test
1952 - "Buttrio Square" closes at New Century Theater NYC after 7 perfs
1952 - Vinoo Mankad takes 13 Pakistan wkts to win 1st India-Pak clash
1953 - WLJT TV channel 11 in Lexington, TN (PBS) begins broadcasting
1953 - WTVK TV channel 26 in Knoxville, TN (NBC) begins broadcasting
1953 - Willie Thrower becomes 1st black NFL quarterback in modern times
1954 - Hurricane Hazel (3rd of 1954) becomes most severe to hit US
1954 - WBTW TV channel 13 in Florence, SC (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting
1954 - WNBC radio changes call letters to WRCA (NYC)
1954 - Texas Instruments announces the first Transistor radio.
1955 - Track & Field names Jesse Owens all-time track athelete
1955 - University of California discovers anti-proton
1960 - Casey Stengel retired by NY Yankees (won 10 pennants in 12 years)
Baseball Legend Connie MackBaseball Legend Connie Mack 1960 - In Britain, News Chronicle & Daily Mail merge, & London Evening Star merges with Evening News
1961 - Emergency crisis proclaimed in South Vietnam due to commun attack
1962 - JFK meets Russian minister of Foreign affairs Andrei Gromyko
1962 - Tony Sheridan & Beat Brothers record "Let's Dance"
1962 - US launches Ranger 5 for lunar impact; misses Moon
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
1962 - Dr Watson (US) & Drs Crick & Wilkins (Britain) win Nobel Prize for Medicine for work in determining structure of DNA
1963 - IOC votes Mexico City to host 1968 Olympics
1964 - Marlene Hagge wins LPGA Mickey Wright Golf Invitational
1966 - "Apple Tree" opens at Shubert Theater NYC for 463 performances
1967 - Nobel prize for physics awarded to Hans A Bethe
1967 - Soviet Venera 4 becomes 1st probe to send data back from Venus
1967 - Walt Disney's "Jungle Book" is released
1967 - AL votes to allow Athletics to move from KC to Oakland & expand league to 12 teams in 1971 with KC & Seattle teams
1968 - Bob Beamon of USA sets long jump record (29 ft. 2½ in.) in Mexico City
Singer-songwriter Tony SheridanSinger-songwriter Tony Sheridan 1968 - Circus Circus opens in Las Vegas
1968 - John Lennon & Yoko One fined £150 for marijuana possession
1968 - Lee Evans sets world record of 43.8 seconds in 400 meter dash
1968 - Police find 219 grains of cannabis resin in John & Yoko's apt
1968 - US Olympic Committee suspends Tommie Smith & John Carlos for giving "black power" salute as a protest during victory ceremony
1969 - Federal government bans use of cyclamates artificial sweeteners
1969 - Jefferson Airplanes Paul Kanter, arrested for marijuana possession
1969 - Rod Stewart joins Small Faces
1969 - Soyuz 8 returns to Earth
1970 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Quality Chekd Golf Classic
1970 - Sachio Kinugasa begins 2,215 cons game streak for Hiroshima Carp
1973 - "Raisin" opens at 46th St Theater NYC for 847 performances
1973 - Congress authorizes bi-centennial quarter, half-dollar & dollar coin
1973 - Judd Woldon & Robert Brittens musical "Raisin," premieres in NYC
1973 - Nobel prize for economy awarded to Wassily Leontief
Singer Rod StewartSinger Rod Stewart 1974 - 1st NBA game at Market Square Arena - Pacers beat Spurs 129-121
1974 - Andre van de Louw appointed mayor of Rotterdam
1974 - Wings (Country Hams) release "Walking in the Park with Eloise"
1974 - Chicago Bull Nate Thurmond becomes 1st in NBA to complete a quadruple double-22 pts, 14 rebounds, 13 assists & 12 blocks
1975 - Simon & Garfunkel reunite on Saturday Night Live, sing "My Little Town"
1975 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1976 - Nobel prize for chemistry awarded to William N Lipscomb Jr
1977 - 1st Islander 0-0 tie-Kings at Nassau-25th time shutout-Resch's 15th
1977 - NY Yankees win their 21st World Championship, 4 games
1977 - W German commandos liberate Boeing 737, 86 hostages at Mogadishu
1977 - Reggie Jackson hits 3 consecutive homers tying Ruth's series record
1977 - Yanks beat Dodgers 8-4 for 21st world championship, 1st in 15 years
1978 - 1st daughter Susan Ford announces engagement to Charles F Vance
1978 - NY Islanders 1st scoreless tie, vs LA Kings
1979 - "Beatlemania" opens in London
1979 - Iranian Ayatollah Khomeini orders mass executions to stop
1979 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1979 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1980 - Brooke Alexander, 18, of Hawaii, crowned Miss World USA
1980 - Detroit blocks 21 Atlanta shots setting NBA record (double OT)
1981 - Andreas Papandreous' PASOK wins Greek elections
1981 - NY Giant Joe Danelo ties NFL record of 6 field goals in a game
1981 - Poland General Jaruzelski elected party leader
1984 - Discovery moves to Vandenberg AFB for mating of STS 51A mission
1984 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1988 - Israel's supreme court uphold's ban on Kahane`s Kach Party as racist
1988 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1989 - East German state/party leader Erich Honecker, resigns
1989 - Hungary revises constitution
1989 - US 62nd manned space mission STS 34 (Atlantis 5) launches into orbit
1990 - "Once on this Island" opens at Booth Theater NYC for 469 performances
1991 - "Most Happy Fella" closes at NY State Theater NYC
1991 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1992 - "Oba Oba '93" closes at Marquis Theater NYC after 22 performances
1992 - 1st non-US team to win a World Series Game; Toronto 5, Atlanta 4
1992 - 6.6 earthquake hits Colombia with no fatalities
1992 - Phila Eagle Randall Cunningham sets NFL QB scramble record of 3,683
1992 - Start of Zimbabwe's 1st Test match, v India at Harare
1993 - STS-58 (Columbia) launches into orbit
1995 - NHL Winnipeg Jets sold to Americans who plan to move them to Phoenix
1998 - Samsung World Championship of Women's Golf
2003 - Bolivian Gas War: President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, is forced to resign and leave Bolivia.
Pakistani Politican Benazir BhuttoPakistani Politican Benazir Bhutto 2007 - After 8 years in exile, Benazir Bhutto returns to her homeland Pakistan. The same night, suicide attackers blow themselves up near Bhutto's convoy, killing over 100 in the cheering crowd, including 20 police officers. Bhutto escaped uninjured.
2011 - Gilad Shalit is released.
2012 - Syrian military airstrikes kill 40 people in Maaret al-Numan
2012 - Google stock trading is suspended after a premature release of a quarterly report indicating a 20% drop in profits and a 9% fall in share price
1469 - Ferdinand of Aragon married Isabella of Castile. The marriage united all the dominions of Spain. 1685 - King Louis XIV of France revoked the Edict of Nantes, which had established the legal toleration of the Protestant population. 1767 - The Mason-Dixon line was agreed upon. It was the boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania. 1842 - Samuel Finley Breese Morse laid his first telegraph cable. 1860 - British troops burned the Yuanmingyuan at the end of the Second Opium War. 1867 - The U.S. took formal possession of Alaska from Russia. The land was purchased of a total of $7 million dollars (2 cents per acre). 1873 - The first rules for intercollegiate football were drawn up by representatives from Rutgers, Yale, Columbia and Princeton Universities. 1892 - The first long-distance telephone line between Chicago, IL, and New York City, NY, was opened. 1898 - The American flag was raised in Puerto Rico only one year after the Caribbean nation won its independence from Spain. 1929 - The Judicial Committee of England’s Privy Council ruled that women were to be considered as persons in Canada. 1943 - The first broadcast of "Perry Mason" was presented on CBS Radio. The show went to TV in 1957. 1944 - Czechoslovakia was invaded by the Soviets during World War II. 1944 - "Forever Amber", written by Kathleen Windsor, was first published. 1950 - Connie Mack announced that he was going to retire after 50 seasons as the manager of the Philadelphia Athletics. 1956 - NFL commissioner Bert Bell disallowed the use of radio-equipped helmets by NFL quarterbacks. 1958 - The first computer-arranged marriage took place on Art Linkletter's show. 1961 - Henri Matiss' "Le Bateau" went on display at New York's Museum of Modern Art. It was discovered 46 days later that the painting had been hanging upside down. 1967 - The American League granted permission for the A's to move to Oakland. Also, new franchises were awarded to Kansas City and Seattle. 1968 - Two black athletes, Tommie Smith and John Carlos, were suspended by the U.S. Olympic Committee for giving a "black power" salute during a ceremony in Mexico City. 1969 - The U.S. government banned artificial sweeteners due to evidence that they caused cancer. 1970 - Quebec's minister of labor was found strangled to death after eight days of being held captive by the Quebec Liberation Front (FLQ). 1971 - After 34 years, the final issue of "Look" magazine was published. 1977 - Reggie Jackson tied Babe Ruth's record for hitting three homeruns in a single World Series game. Jackson was only the second player to achieve this. 1983 - General Motors agreed to hire more women and minorities for five years as part of a settlement with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1985 - South African authorities hanged black activist Benjamin Moloise. Moloise had been convicted of murdering a police officer. 1989 - Egon Krenz became the leader of East Germany after Erich Honecker was ousted. Honeker had been in power for 18 years. 1989 - The space shuttle Atlantis was launched on a mission that included the deployment of the Galileo space probe. 1990 - Iraq made an offer to the world that it would sell oil for $21 a barrel. The price level was the same as it had been before the invasion of Kuwait. 1997 - A monument honoring U.S. servicewomen, past and present, was dedicated at Arlington National Cemetery. 2006 - Microsoft released Internet Explorer 7.0.
1685 Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes. 1767 The boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania, the Mason-Dixon line, was agreed upon. 1867 The United States took possession of Alaska from Russia. 1912 The first Balkan War broke out. 1931 Inventor Thomas Alva Edison died in West Orange, N.J., at age 84. 1968 The U.S. Olympic Committee suspended two black athletes for giving a "black power" salute during a victory ceremony at the Mexico City games. 2011 Gilad Shalit, a 25-year-old Israeli soldier, is released after being held for more than five years by Hamas. He is exchanged for 1,000 Palestinian prisoners. Shalit had been held in Gaza since Palestinian militants kidnapped him in 2006.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
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