Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
What would come to be known as the "Federalist Papers" were published on this day in 1787, calling for ratification of the Constitution. In 1861 on this date, the Pony Express method of communications was ended. On this day in 1917 during World War I, Brazil declared war on Germany. On this day in 1955, well before the conflict in Southeast Asia would be escalated and would ultimately and famously involve huge numbers of American forces, Ngo Dinh Diem declared himself the Premier of the Republic of Vietnam. On this day in 1976, one of the South African homelands, Transkei, officially gained independence, although no country outside of South Africa (then ruled by a white minority government under apartheid) recognized it. In 2001 on this date, President George W. Bush signed the PATRIOT Act into law. On this day in 2005, the Chicago White Sox won their first World Series championship in 88 years.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
On this day in 740, a massive earthquake struck Constantinople, which caused considerable damage and many deaths. In 1366 on this day, Comet 55P/1366 U1 (Tempel-Tuttle) approached 0.0229 AUs of Earth. Amsterdam buccaneer Herman of Kuinre signed a peace treaty on this day in 1387. Mobs attacked the Jewish community in Krakow (modern day Poland) on this day in 1407. Columbus' fleet anchored on Ragged Island Range, Bahamas, on this day in 1492. Lead pencils were first used on this day in 1492. In 1524 on this day, Spanish troops gave Milan to France. On this day in 1529, Thomas More was appointed English Lord Chancellor. In 1534 on this day, Charles V named Joris of Egmont, Bishop of Utrecht. On this day in 1662, Charles II of England sold Dunkirk to France. In 1667 on this day, Aru Palakka's occupied Makassar (Goa). Prince Willem III occupied Grave on this day in 1674. On this day in 1682, William Penn accepted the area around the Delaware River from Duke of York. In 1749 on this day, the Georgia Colony reverses itself & ruled that slavery would be legal. The first Continental Congress adjourned in Philadelphia on this day in 1774. Minute Men organized in the colonies on this day in 1774.
Altered picture that I took of the Benjamin Franklin Memorial in Philadelphia some years ago.
On this day in 1776 , Benjamin Franklin departed from America for France on a mission to seek French support for the American Revolution. In 1787 on this day, the "Federalist Papers" were published, calling for the ratification of the Constitution. On this day in 1795, Pinckney's Treaty between Spain & US was signed, establishing the southern boundary of the United States & giving Americans the right to send goods down the Mississippi River. The French Directory, a five-man revolutionary government, was created on this day in 1795. The United States annexed western Florida on this day in 1810.
1822 - King Willem I obligates inhabitants of Brussels to use Dutch language
1825 - Erie Canal between Hudson River & Lake Erie opened
1830 - Belgian rebels occupy Antwerp
1858 - Hamilton Smith patents rotary washing machine
1859 - The Royal Charter is wrecked on the coast of Anglesey, north Wales with 459 dead.
1861 - Pony Express ends
1863 - Worldwide Red Cross organized in Geneva
1863 - Football Association forms in England, standardizing soccer, splitting with rugby
1864 - Union troops ambush & kill 'Bloody' Bill Anderson in Richmond MI
1868 - White terrorists kill several blacks in St Bernard Parish La
1869 - 1st American steeplechase horserace (Westchester, NY)
1876 - President sends federal troops to SC
1881 - Wyatt Earp, Doc Holliday & Clanton involved in gunfight at OK Corral, in Tombstone, Az
OK Corral Sheriff Wyatt EarpOK Corral Sheriff Wyatt Earp 1886 - Modest Mussorgsky's "A Night on Bald Mountain," premieres in Russia
1887 - Detroit (NL) beats St Louis (AA) 10 games to 5 in World Series
1894 - German emperor Wilhelm II fires Chancellor Leo von Caprivi & premier Botho zu Eulenburg
1896 - Abyssinia & Italy sign peace treaty
1900 - After 4 years of work, 1st section of NY subway opens
1901 - 1st use of "getaway car" occurs after holding up a shop in Paris
1903 - Yerba Buena is 1st Key System ferry to cross SF Bay
1905 - 1st Soviet (workers' council) formed, St Petersburg, Russia
1905 - Union of Sweden & Norway ends
1911 - Phila A's beat NY Giants, 4 games to 2 in 8th World Series
1912 - Serbian troops over run Skopje (Uskup)
1912 - Woolwich Tunnel under Thames opens
1913 - Huerta elected president of Mexico
1916 - Margaret Sanger arrested for obscenity (advocating birth control)
1917 - Petrograd Soviet accepts establishment of Military
Nurse Margaret SangerNurse Margaret Sanger 1917 - World War I:Brazil declared in state of war with Central Powers.
1918 - Soldier revolt at Harskamp Veluwe
1919 - B C Hilliams musical "Buddies," premieres in NYC
1919 - Elgars "Cello concerto on 85" premieres in Queen's Hall London
1919 - President Wilson's veto of Prohibition Enforcement Bill is overridden
1921 - Solomon Porter Hood named minister to Liberia
1922 - Italian government resigns under pressure from fascists & Benito Mussolini
1923 - Dutch 2nd Chamber rejects Fleet laws (50-49 vote)
1923 - Government-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck resigns
1926 - Arthur Goodrich's "Caponsacchi," premieres in NYC
1926 - Belgium stabilizes current value of franc (5 franc becomes 1 "Belga")
1927 - Duke Ellington sings "Creole Love Song"
1930 - Dmitri Sjostakovitch' ballet "Zolotoy Vyek," premieres in Leningrad
1931 - Eugene O'Neill's "Mourning Becomes Electra," premieres in NYC
1933 - French government of Serraut forms
Jazz-orchestra leader, Composer, Pianist Duke EllingtonJazz-orchestra leader, Composer, Pianist Duke Ellington 1934 - While Wash player-mgr Joe Cronin honeymoons with Mildred Robertson owner Clark Griffith's niece & adopted daughter, he is sold to Red Sox
1939 - Polish Jewish forced into obligatory work service
1940 - The P-51 Mustang makes its maiden flight.
1941 - 2nd meeting partisans Tito & Draza Mihailovic in Yugoslavia
1941 - US savings bonds go on sale
1942 - 2nd day of Battle of Henderson Field, Guadalcanal
1942 - 4th day in battle at El Alamein: Australian breakthrough
1942 - Battle of Santa Cruz: USS SD shoots down a record 32 enemy planes
1943 - World War II: First flight of the Dornier Do 335 "Pfeil".
1947 - Maharajah of Jammu & Kashmir accedes to India
1947 - The British Military Occupation ends in Iraq.
1949 - President Harry Truman increases minimum wage from 40 cents to 75 cents
1950 - 630 Dutch volunteers depart (on)to Korea
1950 - Branch Rickey resigns as Brooklyn Dodger president
1950 - Mother Teresa founds Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India
Catholic Missionary Mother TeresaCatholic Missionary Mother Teresa 1950 - South Korean troops reach Chosan at Chinese boundary
1951 - Emile Zatopek runs world record 30,000m, 25,000m & 15 miles
1951 - Rocky Marciano defeats Joe Louis at Madison Square Garden
1951 - Winston Churchill re-elected British Prime Minister
1952 - Pakistan's 1st Test Cricket win Fazal Mahmood 12 wkts v India
1953 - Great Britain performs nuclear test at Emu Field Australia
1954 - Chevrolet unveils V-8 engine
1954 - Walt Disney's 1st television program, "Disneyland," premieres on ABC
1954 - Trieste return to Italy.
1955 - 1st edition of "Village Voice" (NYC) published
1955 - British troops occupy Saudi-Arabic oil field at Boeraimi
1955 - Ngo Dinh Diem proclaims Vietnam a republic with himself as pres
1956 - UN's International Atomic Energy Agency statute approved
1956 - Vietnam promulgates its constitution
1957 - USSR fires defense minister, Marshal Georgi Zhukov
Soldier, author, journalist, politician Winston ChurchillSoldier, author, journalist, politician Winston Churchill 1958 - PanAm flies 1st transatlantic jet trip-NY to Paris
1958 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1960 - AL approves Washington Senators move to become Minnesota Twins & announces franchises in LA & Wash DC for 1961
1961 - 1st Saturn launch vehicle made a flight test
1962 - Beatles tape "Please Please Me" & "Ask Me Why"
1962 - JFK warns Russia US will not allow Soviet missiles to remain in Cuba
1962 - Nikita Khrushchev sends note to JFK offering to withdraw his missiles from Cuba if US closed its bases in Turkey offer is rejected
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
1963 - US performs underground nuclear test at Fallon Nevada
1964 - Rolling Stones appear on Ed Sullivan Show
1964 - Eric Edgar Cooke becomes last person in Western Australia to be executed.
1965 - Beatles receive MBEs at Buckingham Palace
1965 - Sylvia Likens tortured by teen girl gang
1966 - 1st Pacific communications satellite launched, Intelsat 2
1966 - US aircraft carrier Oriskany catches fire at Gulf on Tonken, 43 die
First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita KhrushchevFirst Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev 1967 - Shah of Iran crowns himself after 26 years on Peacock Throne
1968 - 1st European satellite launched, Esro 1, at Cape Kennedy
1968 - KMIR TV channel 36 in Palm Springs, CA (NBC) begins broadcastng
1968 - Soyuz 3 launched
1969 - Carol Mann wins LPGA Corpus Christi Civitan Golf Open
1969 - WHMA (now WJSU) TV channel 40 in Anniston, AL (CBS) 1st broadcast
1970 - "Doonesbury" comic strip debuts in 28 newspapers
1970 - Tanzania begins building railway Lusaka-Drone ash Salaam
1971 - UN votes to replace Taiwan with China
1972 - Guided tours of Alcatraz (by Park Service) begin
1972 - Henry Kissinger declares "Peace is at hand" in Vietnam
1973 - Israeli forces reach Suez, trapping Egyptian army
1973 - President Nixon released 1st White House tapes on Watergate scandal
1973 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1973 - Wings release "Helen Wheels"
Politician, statesman Henry KissingerPolitician, statesman Henry Kissinger 1974 - Cleveland Coliseum opens for NBA's Cavaliers & MISL's Crunch
1975 - Anwar Sadat became 1st Egyptian president to officially visit US
1975 - China PR performs nuclear test at Lop Nor PRC
1975 - Cuba beats Mexico for its 4th Pan Am Games Gold Medal in baseball
1975 - Mary Bea Porter wins LPGA Golf Inns of America
1976 - Transkei gains independence, not recognized outside of South Africa
1976 - Trinidad & Tobago becomes a republic
1977 - 5th & final test of space shuttle Enterprise
1977 - Dr Clifford R Wharton Jr named chancellor of State University of NY
1977 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1977 - The last natural case of smallpox was discovered in Merca district, Somalia. The WHO and the CDC consider this date the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox, the most spectacular success of vaccination.
1978 - Menachem Begin & Anwar Sadat named winners of 1978 Nobel Peace Prize
1978 - Independent Counsel Act is signed into law.
1979 - Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea is assassinated by KCIA head Kim Jae-kyu. Choi Kyu-ha becomes the acting President; Kim is executed the following May.
1980 - 10th NYC Women's Marathon won by Grete Waitz in 2:25:41.3
Israeli Prime Minister Menachem BeginIsraeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin 1980 - 11th NYC Marathon won by Alberto Salazar in 2:09:41
1980 - St Louis Cards sack Balt Colt QBs an NFL record tying 12 times
1981 - LA Dodgers beat NY Yankees, 4 games to 2 in 78th World Series
1982 - Steve Carlton became 1st pitcher to win 4 Cy Young awards
1982 - US budget deficit reaches more than $110 trillion for fiscal year 1982
1983 - Hugh Williams' "Pack of Lies," premieres in London
1983 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1984 - "Baby Fae" gets baboon heart transplant, lives 21 days
1985 - -Nov 6] Hurricane Juan, kills 97 in US
1985 - On a poor call in 6th game, umpire Don Deckinger starts a string of events costing Cardinals the World Series
1986 - "Into the Light" closes at Neil Simon Theater NYC after 6 performances
1987 - Dow Jones down 156.83 points
1987 - Head of Salvadoran Human Rights Comm assassinated by death squads
1988 - Donald Trump bills Mike Tyson $2,000,000 for 4 month advisory service
1988 - US-Soviet effort free 2 grey whales from frozen Arctic, Barrow, AK
Businessman & T.V. Personality Donald TrumpBusinessman & T.V. Personality Donald Trump 1992 - The command and control system of the London Ambulance Service fails catastrophically.
1992 - The Charlottetown Accord fails to win majority support in a Canada wide referendum.
1992 - The London Ambulance Service was thrown into chaos after the implementation of a new CAD, or Computer Aided Despatch, system which failed.
1993 - NFL announces new expansion team, Carolina Panthers in Charlotte
1993 - NJ Devils lose 2-0 to Montreal, after winning 1st 7 games of 1993
1994 - Jordan & Israel sign peace accord
1995 - Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Mossad agents assassinate Islamic Jihad leader Fathi Shikaki in his hotel in Malta.
1996 - Horse Racing Breeders' Cup Champs: Lit de Justice, Storm Song, Jewel Princess, Da Hass, Boston Harbor, Pilsudski, Alphabet Soup at Woodbine
1997 - Bill Glasson wins Las Vegas Golf Invitational
1997 - Nichirei LPGA International
1997 - Raley's Gold Rush Senior Golf Classic
1997 - World Series: Fla Marlins beat Cleve Indians, 4 games to 3
1999 - Britain's House of Lords votes to end the right of hereditary peers to vote in Britain's upper chamber of Parliament.
2000 - NY Yankees defeat NY Mets 4-1 to win their 3rd straight World Series championship, MVP: Derek Jeter, NY Yankees
2000 - Laurent Gbagbo takes over as president of Côte d'Ivoire following a popular uprising against President Robert Guéï. Bret Hart retires.
Baseball Player Derek JeterBaseball Player Derek Jeter 2001 - The United States passes the USA PATRIOT Act into law.
2002 - Moscow Theatre Siege: Approximately 50 Chechen rebels and 150 hostages die when Russian Spetsnaz storm a theater building in Moscow, which had been occupied by the rebels during a musical performance three days before.
2003 - The Cedar Fire, the second-largest fire in California history, kills 15 people, consumes 250,000 acres (1,000 km²), and destroys 2,200 homes around San Diego.
2005 - Chicago White Sox defeat Houston Astros 4-0 in baseball's World Series championship, MVP: Jermaine Dye, Chicago
2012 - 64 people are killed in West Burma after continued sectarian clashes
2012 - 41 people are killed and 50 injured by a suicide bombing of a mosque in Maymana, Afghanistan
2012 - China blocks the New York Times from searches and social media in response to an investigation into Premier Wen Jiabao
2012 - Hurricane Sandy makes landfall in the Bahamas killing 2 people and causing over $300 million in damage
1774 - The First Continental Congress of the U.S. adjourned in Philadelphia. 1825 - The Erie Canal opened in upstate New York. The 363-mile canal connected Lake Erie and the Hudson River at a cost of $7,602,000. 1854 - Charles William Post was born. He was the inventor of "Grape Nuts," "Postum" and "Post Toasties." 1858 - H.E. Smith patented the rotary-motion washing machine. 1881 - The "Gunfight at the OK Corral" took place in Tombstone, AZ. The fight was between Wyatt Earp, his two brothers and Doc Holiday and the Ike Clanton Gang. 1905 - Norway gained independence from Sweden. 1942 - The U.S. ship Hornet was sunk in the Battle of Santa Cruz during World War II. 1944 - During World War II, the Battle of Leyte Gulf ended. The battle was won by American forces and brought the end of the Pacific phase of World War II into sight. 1949 - U.S. President Harry Truman raised the minimum wage from 40 to 75 cents an hour. 1951 - Winston Churchill became the prime minister of Great Britain. 1955 - New York City's "The Village Voice" was first published. 1957 - The Soviet Union announced that defense minister Marchal Georgi Zhukov had been relieved of his duties. 1958 - Pan American Airways flew its first Boeing 707 jetliner from New York City to Paris. 1962 - The Soviet Union made an offer to end the Cuban Missile Crisis by taking their missile bases out of Cuba if the U.S. agreed to not invade Cuba and would remove Jupiter missiles in Turkey. 1967 - The Shah of Iran crowned himself and his Queen after 26 years on the Peacock Throne. 1970 - "Doonesbury," the comic strip by Gary Trudeau, premiered in 28 newspapers across the U.S. 1972 - U.S. National security adviser Henry Kissinger declared, "Peace is at hand" in Vietnam. 1975 - Anwar Sadat became the first Egyptian president to officially visit to the United States. 1977 - The experimental space shuttle Enterprise successfully landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California. 1979 - South Korean President Park Chung-hee was shot to death by Kim Jae-kyu, the head of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency. 1980 - Israeli President Yitzhak Navon became the first Israeli head of state to visit Egypt. 1984 - "Baby Fae" was given the heart of baboon after being born with a severe heart defect. She lived for 21 days with the animal heart. 1985 - Approximately 110,000 people marched past the U.S. and Soviet embassies in London to pressure the two countries to end their arms race. 1988 - Roussel Uclaf, a French pharmaceutical company, announced it was halting the worldwide distribution of RU-486. The pill is used to induce abortions. The French government made the company reverse itself two days later. 1988 - Two whales were freed by Soviet and American icebreakers. The whales had been trapped for nearly 3 weeks in an Arctic ice pack. 1990 - The U.S. State Department issued a warning that terrorists could be planning an attack on a passenger ship or aircraft. 1990 - Wayne Gretzky became the first NHL player to reach 2,000 points. 1991 - Former Washington Mayor Marion Barry arrived at a federal correctional institution in Petersburg, VA, to begin serving a six-month sentence for cocaine possession. 1992 - General Motors Corp. Chairman Robert Stempel resigned after the company recorded its highest losses in history. 1992 - In Canada, voters rejected the Charlottetown accord, which was designed to unify the country. 1993 - Deborah Gore Dean was convicted of 12 felony counts of defrauding the U.S. government and lying to the U.S. Congress. Dean was a central figure in the Reagan-era HUD scandal. 1994 - Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel and Prime Minister Abdel Salam Majali of Jordan signed a peace treaty. 1995 - Alec Baldwin got into a fight with a paparazzi in front of his home when he and his wife Kim Bassinger were bringing their first baby home from the hospital. 1995 - Mario Lemieux (Pittsburgh Penguins) scored his 500th National Hockey League (NHL) career goal against the New York Islanders in his 605th game. He became the second-fastest player to attain the plateau. Wayne Gretzky had reached 600 goals by his 575th NHL game. 1996 - Federal prosecutors cleared Richard Jewell as a suspect in the Olympic park bombing. 1998 - A French lab found a nerve agent on an Iraqi missile warhead. 2001 - It was announced that Fort Worth's Lockheed Martin won a defense contract for $200 billion over 40 years. The contract, for the "joint strike fighter," was the largest defense contract in history. 2002 - Russian authorities pumped a gas into a theater where separatist rebels held over 800 hostages. The gas killed 116 hostages and all 50 hostage-takers were killed by the gas or gunshot wounds.
1774 The First Continental Congress adjourned in Philadelphia. 1825 The Erie Canal, connecting Lake Erie to the Hudson River, opened. 1881 Wyatt Earp, his two brothers, and Doc Holliday were involved in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Arizona. 1975 Anwar Sadat became the first Egyptian president to pay an official visit to the United States. 1979 South Korean president Park Chung Hee was killed by the head of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency. 1994 Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel and Prime Minister Abdel Salam Majali of Jordan signed a peace treaty in a ceremony attended by President Clinton. 2002 Russian government forces stormed the Moscow theater held by Chechen rebels. More than 100 hostages were killed. 2005 The Chicago White Sox sweep the Houston Astros to win their first World Series in 88 years.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
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