Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
It was on this day in 312 that Constantine the Great was said to have received his now famous Vision of the Cross, which accelerated the process of Christianity spreading across much of the world. On this day in 1659, Quakers were executed for their religious beliefs in Massachusetts, leading them to seek safer ground in Rhode Island. The city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was founded on this day in 1682. On this day back in 1775, King George III spoke to Parliament about the colonial rebellion, as the conflict was heating up. On this day in 1858, Theodore Roosevelt was born. Poet Dylan Thomas was born on this day in 1914. This day in 1916 marked the first time that the term "jazz" was referenced in writing. In 1924 on this day, the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was founded in the Soviet Union. On this date in 1940, Charles De Gaulle, speaking for the Free French Forces from temporary headquarters in Africa, set up the Empire Defense Council to keep the fight going against the Germans. In 1944 on this day, Josip Broz Tito, the leader of what many considered to be the finest resistance forces in occupied Europe, reached free Belgrade. Foreshadowing things to come, it was on this day in 1954 that President Eisenhower offered aid to South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem. In 1962 on this day, the United States and Soviet Union finally took steps back from the brink of nuclear war at the height of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
On this day in 312, Constantine the Great was said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross, leading to his conversion and eventually helping to establish Christianity as the religion of his Roman Empire and, through that, accelerating the process of it spreading throughout much of the rest of the world. In 625 on this day, Honorius I began his reign as Catholic Pope.
710 - Saracen invasion of Sardinia.
939 - Edmund I succeeds Athelstan as King of England.
1275 - Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
1523 - English troops occupy Montalidier France
1553 - Condemned as a heretic, Michael Servetus is burned at the stake just outside Geneva.
1605 - Spanish army under General Spinola occupies Wachtendonk
1627 - English assault on French Il de Ré
1644 - 2nd Battle at Newbury: King Charles I beats parliamentary armies
1651 - English troops occupy Limerick Ireland
1662 - England sells Duinkerken to France for 2.5 million livres
1676 - Poland & Turkey sign Peace of Warsaw
Independence Hall (above) and the Liberty Bell (below), arguably the two most famous landmarks of Philadelphia, the "City of Brotherly Love."
On this day in 1682, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which came to be known as the "City of Brotherly Love," and which would play such an important part in the American Revolution, was founded.
1688 - King James II fires premier Robert Spencer
1702 - English troops plunder St Augustine Florida
1775 - US Navy forms
1787 - Federalist letters start appearing in NY newspapers
1795 - Treaty of San Lorenzo, provides free navigation of Mississippi
King of England King Charles IKing of England King Charles I 1806 - The French Army enters in Berlin.
1810 - US annexes West Florida from Spain
1830 - Major-General Baron D Chasse bombs Antwerp (Belgium revolution)
1838 - Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be exterminated.
1858 - RH Macy & Co opens 1st store, (6th Ave-NYC) Gross receipts $1106
1863 - Dutch railway to Harlingen opens
1864 - Battle of Boydton Plank Road, VA (Burgess' Mill, Southside Railroad)
1864 - 2nd Battle of Fair Oaks, Va near Richmond
1864 - Confederate ship Albemarle torpedoed/sinks
1864 - Siege of Petersburg, VA
1867 - Garibaldi marches on Rome
1871 - Boss Tweed (William Macy Tweed), Democratic leader of Tammany Hall, arrested after NY Times exposed his corruption
1884 - Architect Henry Hardenberghs Dakota-complex opens in NYC
1886 - Musical fantasy "Night on Bald Mountain," performed in Russia
1893 - Hurricane hits coast between Savannah Ga & Charleston SC
1896 - 1st Pali Road completed in Hawaii (winds so strong streams flow UP!)
1901 - 1st complete performance of Debussy's "Nocturnes"
1904 - IRT (Interborough Rapid Transit), opens in NYC, subway/bus fare is set at one nickel (Bkln bridge-145 & Bdwy)
1913 - Pres Wilson says US will never attack another country
1914 - British battleship Audacious sunk by mine
1916 - 1st published reference to "jazz" appears (Variety)
1916 - Battle of Segale: Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasus V, is defeated by Fitawrari abte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress Zauditu.
1919 - Axeman of New Orleans claims last victim
1919 - US Congress sign Volstead Act
1920 - League of Nations moves headquarters in Geneva
1920 - Westinghouse radio station in East Pittsburgh, KDKA begins
1922 - 1st commemoration of Navy Day
1922 - Dutch 2nd Chamber votes for child labor laws
1924 - Uzbek SSR forms
1924 - The Uzbek SSR is founded in the Soviet Union.
1925 - Water skis patented by Fred Waller
1927 - Queen Wilhelmina opens Meuse-Waal Canal in Nijmegen
1931 - Chuhei Numbu of Japan, sets then long jump record at 26' 2½"
1933 - Valentin Boreyko, Russia, rower (Oly Gld 1960), (d. 2012)
1935 - SDAP & NVV launchs "Plan for Work" in Utrect Netherlands
1938 - DuPont announces its new synthetic fiber will be called "nylon"
1941 - Chicago Daily Tribune editorialize there will not be war with Japan
1941 - Nazi's directs gypsy ghetto in Belgrade
1942 - 5th day of battle at El Alamein: heavy battles/Australian advance
1942 - US aircraft carrier Hornet sinks off Santa Cruz
1944 - Hertogenbosch & Tilburg freed from nazi occupation
1944 - Tito reaches free Belgrade
1945 - "Carib Song" closes at Adelphi Theater NYC after 36 performances
1945 - 1st edition of Elseviers Weekly newspaper (Elseviers Magazine)
1946 - Georgi Domitrovs National Front wins Bulgaria elections (78%)
Comedian Groucho MarxComedian Groucho Marx 1947 - "You Bet Your Life," with Groucho Marx, premieres on ABC radio
1947 - WMAR TV channel 2 in Baltimore, MD (NBC) begins broadcasting
1948 - Albert Camus' "L'etat de Siege," premieres in Paris
1948 - Israel recaptures Nizzanim in Negev
1948 - Léopold Sédar Senghor founds the Senegalese Democratic Bloc (BDS).
1950 - Paul Creston's 3rd Symphony "Triumph of St Joan," premieres
1952 - "My Darlin' Aida" opens at Winter Garden Theater NYC for 89 perfs
1954 - B O Davis Jr becomes 1st black general in USAF
1954 - Pres Eisenhower offers aid to S Vietnam pres Ngo Dinh Diem
1954 - WISN TV channel 12 in Milwaukee, WI (ABC) begins broadcasting
1954 - Walt Disney's 1st TV show, "Disneyland," premieres on ABC
1954 - Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the United States Air Force.
1955 - Argentine peso devalued
1955 - Satomi Myodo, renews Zen nun vows & takes Buddhist name of Daien Myodo
1957 - Celal Bayar re-elected president of Turkey
Animator Walt DisneyAnimator Walt Disney 1957 - WOWL TV channel 15 in Florence, AL (NBC/CBS) begins broadcasting
1957 - WPTA TV channel 21 in Fort Wayne, IN (ABC) begins broadcasting
1958 - Gen Ayub Khan succeeds Iskander Mirza as president of Pakistan
1958 - WEDU TV channel 3 in Tampa-St Petersburg, FL (PBS) begins broadcasting
1959 - Rare Pacific hurricane kills 2,000 in Western Mexico
1960 - AL admits LA & Washington to the league
1960 - Singer Ben E King records "Spanish Harlem" & "Stand By Me"
1961 - 1st Saturn launch vehicle makes an unmanned flight test
1961 - American Basketball League starts play
1961 - Outer Mongolia & Mauritania become 102nd & 103rd members of UN
1961 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya & Sary Shagan USSR
1962 - "Beyond the Fringe" opens at John Golden Theater NYC for 673 perfs
1962 - Black Saturday - Russian nuclear missile crisis in Cuba
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1962 - The plane of Enrico Mattei, Italian industry's most relevant figure, crashes in mysterious circumstances.
1963 - Bob Simpson completes 359 for NSW v Qld at Gabba
1963 - Sandra Haynie wins LPGA Phoenix Thunderbirds Golf Tournament
1964 - "Ben Franklin in Paris" opens at Lunt Fontanne NYC for 215 perfs
1964 - Congo rebel leader Christopher Gbenye holds 60 Americans/800 Belgians
1965 - WCFT TV channel 33 in Tuscaloosa, AL (CBS) begins broadcasting
1966 - China PR performs nuclear test at Lop Nor PRC
1966 - UN deprives South Africa of Namibia
1966 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1967 - 4 people from Baltimore pour blood on selective service records
1967 - Expo '67 closes in Montreal, Canada
1967 - NLF leaves People's Republic of South-Yemen
1968 - 19th Olympic games close at Mexico City, Mexico
1968 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA River Plantation Golf Invitational
1969 - Nobel prize for economy awarded to John Tinbergen
1969 - Ralph Nader sets up a consumer organization knowns as Nader's Raiders
1969 - St Vincent & Grenadines gains associated status with Britain
1970 - "Light, Lively & Yiddish" opens at Belasco Theater NYC for 87 perfs
1971 - Republic of Congo-Kinshasa becomes Republic of Zaire
1972 - Golden Gate National Recreation Area created
1973 - 1st time Islanders beat Rangers-3-2
1973 - Alabama sets offensive record (828 yds), beats Virginia Tech 77-6
1974 - Chantal Langlace runs female world record marathon (2:46:24)
1975 - Covers of both Time & Newsweek picture rock singer Bruce Springsteen
1977 - Amsterdam businessman M Caransa kidnapped
1977 - NASA launches space vehicle S-200
1978 - Begin & Sadat win Nobel Peace prize
1978 - President Carter signs Hawkins-Humphrey full employment bill
1979 - Islanders score 2 goals within 6 seconds 3 goals within 44 seconds
1979 - St Vincent & Grenadines becomes independent of UK (Natl Day)
1979 - Voluntary Euthanasia Society publishes how-to-do-it suicide guide
1980 - Astros owner John McMullen replaces GM Tal Smith with Al Rosen
1980 - Dave Gryllis sets world bicycle speed record of 94.37 kph
1981 - Andrew Young, former UN Ambassador, elected mayor of Atlanta, Georgia
1981 - The Soviet submarine U 137 runs aground on the east coast of Sweden.
1982 - China announces its population at 1 billion people plus
1982 - IBM ROM is capable of EGA graphics
1984 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1984 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1984 - Wash State's Rueben Mayes sets col football rec of 357 yards rushing
1985 - 15th NYC Women's Marathon won by Grete Waitz in 2:28:34
1985 - 16th NYC Marathon won by Orlando Pizzolato in 2:11:34
1985 - Anthony Carter begins NFL streak of 100+ consecutive game receptions
1985 - Billy Martin is fired by Yankees for 4th time
1985 - Hurricane Juan ravages US Gulf states & east coast, 49 die
1985 - KC Royals beat St Louis Cards, 4 games to 3 in 82nd World Series
1985 - Thieves steal 9 paintings, including 5 Monet's & 2 Renoir's
1986 - NY Mets beat Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in 83rd World Series
Musician & member of the Beatles Paul McCartneyMusician & member of the Beatles Paul McCartney 1986 - Paul McCartney release "Pretty Little Head"
1986 - The United Kingdom government suddenly deregulates financial markets, leading to a total restructuring of the way in which they operate in the country, in an event now referred to as the Big Bang.
1987 - Lucas Mangopes Democratic Party wins Bophuthatswana elections
1987 - Peter Shaffer's "Lettice & Lovage," premieres in London
1987 - South Korean voters overwhelmingly approved a new constitution
1988 - "ET" released to home video (14 million presold)
1988 - Larry Flynt paid hitman $1M to kill Hefner, Guccione & Sinatra
1990 - "Michael Feinstein in Concert" closes at Golden NYC after 30 perfs
1990 - Horse Racing Breeders' Cup Champs: Bayakoa, Fly So Free, In The Wings, Meadow Star, Royal Academy, Safely Kept, Unbridled
1990 - Supreme Soviet of Kirghiz SSR chooses Askar Akayev as republic's first president.
1991 - "Andre Heller's Wonderhouse" closes at Broadhurst NYC after 9 perfs
1991 - "Homecoming" opens at Criterion Theater NYC for 49 performances
1991 - John Brodie wins Security Pacific Senior Golf Classic
1991 - Minnesota Twins beat Altanta Braves 1-0 in 10 to win World Series in 7
1992 - Don Baylor appointed 1st manager of Colorado Rockies
Magazine Publisher Larry FlyntMagazine Publisher Larry Flynt 1992 - Fox is to launch Tuesday night network TV, rescheduled to Decemeber
1992 - Great Britain issues postage stamp on 100th anniversary of Tolkien
1992 - Tipper Gore (wife of future VP) admits to covering clock on her VCR with black tape so she wouldn't have to watch it blink
1993 - Howard Stern's radio show begins broadcasting in El Paso Texas
1995 - Contract finalizing Cleveland Browns' move to Balt is signed
1995 - Meyrick Pringle takes cricket hat-trick in England tour game at Soweto
1995 - Latvia applies for membership in the European Union.
1996 - US beats Japan, 21½-14½, at Nichirei International Golf Tournament
1997 - Dow Jones crashes record 554 pts to 7161
1997 - Intel Corp buys Digital Equipment for $700 million
1997 - Microsoft argues it should be "free from government interference"
1997 - US releases a redesigned $50 bill
1999 - Gunmen open fire in the Armenian Parliament, killing Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan, Parliament Chairman Karen Demirchyan, and 6 other members.
2002 - Anaheim Angels defeat San Francisco Giants 4-3 in baseball's World Series championship, MVP: Troy Glaus, Anaheim
2002 - The ITV Network aired a constant regional service for the last time in England and Wales, but LWT lost its identity completely. All companies (except UTV, Channel, Scottish TV & Grampian TV) formed the national ITV1 with regional references only before regional programmes.
2004 - The Boston Red Sox win the World Series for the first time in 86 years
2005 - Riots begin in Paris after the deaths of two Muslim teenagers.
2011 - The Royal Australian Navy announces that they discovered the wreck of a World War II submarine in Simpson Harbour, Papua New Guinea during Operation RENDER SAFE - it is likely to be Japanese.
2012 - 46 people are killed and 123 injured in Iraq after a series of attacks and bombs
2012 - Thousands demonstrate in Madrid against proposed budget cuts
1659 - William Robinson and Marmaduke Stevenson became the first Quakers to be executed in America. 1787 - The first of the Federalist Papers were published in the New York Independent. The series of 85 essays, written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay, were published under the pen name "Publius." 1795 - The United States and Spain signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo. The treaty is also known as "Pinckney's Treaty." 1858 - Roland Macy opened Macy's Department Store in New York City. It was Macy's eighth business adventure, the other seven failed. 1878 - The Manhattan Savings Bank in New York City was robbed of over $3,000,000. The robbery was credited to George "Western" Leslie even though there was not enough evidence to convict him, only two of his associates were convicted. 1904 - The New York subway system officially opened. It was the first rapid-transit subway system in America. 1925 - Fred Waller received a patent for water skis. 1927 - The first newsreel featuring sound was released in New York. 1931 - Chuhei Numbu of Japan set a long jump record at 26' 2 1/4". 1938 - Du Pont announced "nylon" as the new name for its new synthetic yarn. 1947 - "You Bet Your Life," the radio show starring Grouch Marx, premiered on ABC. It was later shown on NBC television. 1954 - Marilyn Monroe and Joe DiMaggio were divorced. They had been married on January 14, 1954. 1954 - The first Walt Disney television show "Disneyland" premiered on ABC. Disney movies, music and books 1962 - The Soviet Union adds to the Cuban Missile Crisis by calling for the dismantling of U.S. missile basis in Turkey. U.S. President Kennedy agreed to the new aspect of the agreement. 1978 - Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were named winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord. 1994 - The U.S. Justice Department announced that the U.S. prison population had exceeded one million for the first time in American history. 1997 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 554.26 points. The stock market was shut down for the first time since the 1981 assassination attempt on U.S. President Reagan. 1998 - The reunion episode "CHiPs '99" aired for the first time on the cable network TNT. 1998 - Disney's "Lion King II: Simba's Pride" was released on video. Disney movies, music and books 2002 - The Anaheim Angels won their first World Series. They beat the San Francisco Giants in Game 7 of the series. 2002 - Emmitt Smith (Dallas Cowboys) became the all-time leading rusher in the NFL when he extended his career yardage to 16,743. He achieved the record in his 193rd game. He also scored his 150th career touchdown. 2002 - Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva was elected president of Brazil in a runoff. He was the country's first elected leftist leader. 2003 - Bank of America Corp. announced it had agreed to buy FleetBoston Financial Corp. The deal created the second largest banking company in the U.S.
1787 The first of the Federalist Papers, which called for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, was published. 1904 New York City's first rapid transit subway, the IRT, opened. 1938 Du Pont announced that it would name its new synthetic yarn nylon. 1978 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were named winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for their work toward a Middle East accord. 1997 The Dow Jones industrial average fell 554.26 points, forcing the stock market to shut down. 2004 After an 86 year wait, the Boston Red Sox finally captured a World Series trophy.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
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