http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Feb 9, 1825: Presidential election decided in the House
As no presidential candidate received a majority of electoral votes in the election of 1824, the U.S. House of Representatives votes to elect John Quincy Adams, who won fewer votes than Andrew Jackson in the popular election, as president of the United States. Adams was the son of John Adams, the second president of the United States.
In the 1824 election, 131 electoral votes, just over half of the 261 total, were necessary to elect a candidate president. Although it had no bearing on the outcome of the election, popular votes were counted for the first time in this election. On December 1, 1824, the results were announced. Andrew Jackson of Tennessee won 99 electoral and 153,544 popular votes; John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts received 84 electoral and 108,740 popular votes; Secretary of State William H. Crawford, who had suffered a stroke before the election, received 41 electoral votes; and Representative Henry Clay of Kentucky won 37 electoral votes.
As dictated by the U.S. Constitution, the presidential election was then turned over to the House of Representatives. The 12th Amendment states that if no electoral majority is won, only the three candidates who receive the most popular votes will be considered in the House.
Representative Henry Clay, who was disqualified from the House vote as a fourth-place candidate, agreed to use his influence to have John Quincy Adams elected. Clay and Adams were both members of a loose coalition in Congress that by 1828 became known as the National Republicans, while Jackson's supporters were later organized into the Democratic Party.
Thanks to Clay's backing, on February 9, 1825, the House elected Adams as president of the United States. When Adams then appointed Clay to the top Cabinet post of secretary of state, Jackson and his supporters derided the appointment as the fulfillment of a corrupt bargain.
With little popular support, Adams' time in the White House was for the most part ineffectual, and the so-called Corrupt Bargain continued to haunt his administration. In 1828, he was defeated in his reelection bid by Andrew Jackson, who received more than twice as many electoral votes than Adams.
Feb 9, 1776: Future New Jersey governor is promoted
Future New Jersey Governor Joseph Bloomfield becomes captain of the third New Jersey Regiment of Foot in the Continental Army on this day in 1776.
Bloomfield was born in 1753 in Woodbridge, New Jersey; he was the son of a physician, Moses Bloomfield. He was educated in Deerfield, New Jersey, at Reverend Enoch Green's school and studied law before his admittance to the bar in 1775. He briefly practiced his profession in Bridgeton, New Jersey, before joining the Patriot cause.
After serving honorably as captain and then major of the third battalion, Bloomfield resigned his military post on October 29, 1778, to accept the elected position of clerk for the New Jersey Assembly. He also served as New Jersey's attorney general from 1783 to 1792. He briefly returned to military service in 1794 to lead the United States Army's efforts to quash the Whiskey Rebellion in western Pennsylvania. Upon his return, he became the mayor of Burlington from 1795 to 1800. Bloomfield also served as president of the first Society for the Abolition of Slavery, which originated in Burlington in 1783, and trustee of Princeton University from 1773 until 1801, when he resigned to become the fourth governor of New Jersey.
Bloomfield remained governor until 1812, when he resigned to become brigadier general of the United States Army at the onset of the War of 1812. Following this third stint in military service, he represented New Jersey in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1817 to 1821. Upon his death in 1823, Bloomfield was buried at Old Saint Mary's Episcopal Church in Burlington, joining fellow New Jersey Patriot and anti-slavery activist, Elias Boudinot. In recognition of his accomplishments and sacrifice to the state, the city of Bloomfield, New Jersey, was incorporated in his name in 1812.
Feb 9, 1950: McCarthy accuses State Department of communist infiltration
Joseph Raymond McCarthy, a relatively obscure Republican senator from Wisconsin, announces during a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, that he has in his hand a list of 205 communists who have infiltrated the U.S. State Department. The unsubstantiated declaration, which was little more than a publicity stunt, suddenly thrust Senator McCarthy into the national spotlight.
Asked to reveal the names on the list, the reckless and opportunistic senator named officials he determined guilty by association, such as Owen Lattimore, an expert on Chinese culture and affairs who had advised the State Department. McCarthy described Lattimore as the "top Russian spy" in America.
These and other equally shocking accusations prompted the Senate to form a special committee, headed by Senator Millard Tydings of Maryland, to investigate the matter. The committee found little to substantiate McCarthy's charges, but McCarthy nevertheless touched a nerve in the American public, and during the next two years he made increasingly sensational charges, even attacking President Harry S. Truman's respected former secretary of state, George C. Marshall.
In 1953, a newly Republican Congress appointed McCarthy chairman of the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of Governmental Operations, and "McCarthyism" reached a fever pitch. In widely publicized hearings, McCarthy bullied defendants under cross-examination with unlawful and damaging accusations, destroying the reputations of hundreds of innocent citizens and officials.
In the early months of 1954, McCarthy, who had already lost the support of much of his party because of his bullying tactics, finally overreached himself when he took on the U.S. Army. Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower pushed for an investigation of McCarthy's conduct, and the televised hearings exposed the senator as a reckless and excessive tyrant who never produced proper documentation for any of his charges. In December, the Senate voted to condemn him for misconduct. By the time of his death from alcoholism in 1957, the influence of Senator Joseph McCarthy in Congress was negligible.
Feb 9, 1918: Ukraine signs peace treaty with Central Powers
The first peace treaty of World War I is signed when the newly declared independent state of Ukraine officially comes to terms with the Central Powers at 2 a.m. in Berlin, Germany, on this day in 1918.
In the treaty, the Central Powers, which included the governments of Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany and Turkey, formally recognized the independence of Ukraine from Russia. The Central Powers also agreed to provide military assistance and protection from the Bolshevik forces of Russia that were occupying Ukrainian territory. In exchange, the Ukrainian National Republic would provide 100 million tons of food rations to Germany.
Ukraine's journey toward a period of independence--brief as it proved to be--began shortly after the collapse of the Russian monarchy in March 1917. Led by Premier Vladimir Vinnichenko and War Minister Simon Petlura, Ukrainian political leaders declared the country a republic within Russia. However, after the Bolshevik Revolution, in which the post-monarchy provisional Russian government was overthrown, Vinnichenko proclaimed the complete independence of Ukraine in January 1918.
Bolshevik forces were sent to regain the Ukrainian territory, but after the peace treaty between the Ukraine and the Central Powers was signed, the Russians were forced out by German troops. Within one month of the peace treaty, Russia formally recognized the independence of Ukraine as part of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk it signed with the Central Powers on March 3, 1918. In 1919, though, during the Russian Civil War, the Soviet Union regained the Ukrainian territory and Ukraine became one of the original republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
Feb 9, 1942: Daylight saving time instituted
On this day, Congress pushes ahead standard time for the United States by one hour in each time zone, imposing daylight saving time--called at the time "war time."
Daylight saving time, suggested by President Roosevelt, was imposed to conserve fuel, and could be traced back to World War I, when Congress imposed one standard time on the United States to enable the country to better utilize resources, following the European model. The 1918 Standard Time Act was meant to be in effect for only seven months of the year--and was discontinued nationally after the war. But individual states continued to turn clocks ahead one hour in spring and back one hour in fall. The World War II legislation imposed daylight saving time for the entire nation for the entire year. It was repealed Sept. 30, 1945, when individual states once again imposed their own "standard" time. It was not until 1966 that Congress passed legislation setting a standard time that permanently superceded local habits.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1267 - Synod of Breslau orders Jews of Silesia to wear
special caps
1499 - France & Venice sign treaty against Milan
1537 - Pope Paul III routes Cardinal Pole to England
1540 - The 1st recorded race meet in England (Roodee Fields,
Chester)
1554 - Battle at London: Sir Thomas Wyatt defeated
1555 - Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the
stake.
1574 - Louis of Nassau ends siege of Maastricht
1621 - Alexander Ludovisi is elected Pope Gregory XV (-1623)
1667 - Treaty of Andrussovo: Russia/Poland signs peace
treaty
1674 - English reconquer NY from Netherlands
1682 - Thomas Otway's "Venice Preserved,"
premieres in London
1742 - British ex-premier Walpole becomes earl of Orford
1744 - Battle at Toulon (French/Spanish vs English fleet of
Adm Matthews)
1775 - English Parliament declares Mass colony is in
rebellion
1788 - Austria declares war on Russia
1799 - USS Constellation captures French frigate Insurgents
off Nevis, W I
1801 - France & Austrian sign Peace of Luneville
1807 - French Sanhedrin convened by Napoleon
1822 - American Indian Society organizes
1822 - Haiti invades the newly founded Dominican Republic.
1825 - House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams 6th
US president
1849 - Roman Republic declared
1861 - Jefferson Davis & Alexander Stephens elected
president & VP of CSA
1861 - Tennessee votes against secession
1861 - Confederate Provisional Congress declares all laws
under the US Constitution were consistent with constitution of Confederate
states
1870 - US Army establishes US National Weather Service
1871 - Federal fish protection office authorized by Congress
1885 - 1st Japanese arrive in Hawaii
1886 - Pres Cleveland declares a state of emergency in
Seattle because of anti-Chinese violence
1889 - The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is
established as a Cabinet-level agency.
1891 - 1st shipment of asparagus arrives in SF from
Sacramento
1893 - Canal builder De Lesseps & others sentenced to
prison for fraud
1893 - Verdi's opera "Falstaff" premieres in Milan
1895 - 1st intercollegiate basketball game (Minn Agricult
beats Hamline, 9-3)
1895 - Volleyball invented by W G Morgan in Massachusetts
1900 - Dwight Davis established a new tennis trophy, the
Davis Cup
1904 - Japan declares war on Russia
1906 - Natal proclaims state of siege in Zulu uprising
1909 - 1st federal legislation prohibiting narcotics (opium)
1909 - 1st forestry school is incorporated at Kent, Ohio
1912 - US Tennis Association amends rule taking bye away
from defending champion
1913 - -18] 10 Day Tragedy of Mexico-City; 3,000 die
1916 - Britain's military service act enforced
(conscription)
1916 - NL votes down a proposal by Giants, Braves, &
Cubs to increase club player limit from 21 to 22 (The Reds want to decrease to
20)
1918 - Army chaplain school organizes at Ft Monroe Va
1918 - Sacha Guitry's "Deburan," premieres in
Paris
1920 - International treaty recognizes Norwegian sovereignty
over Svalbard
1920 - Joint Rules Com bans foreign substances &
alterations to baseballs
1922 - Italian government of Bonomi falls
1922 - Snow on Mauna Loa, Hawaii
1922 - Brazil becomes a member of the Berne Convention
copyright treaty.
1923 - Soviet Aeroflot airlines forms
1924 - Nakhichevan ASSR constituted within Azerbaijan SSR
1925 - German Minister Stresemann proposes security treaty
with France
1925 - Haifa Technion (Israel), opens
1926 - Teaching theory of evolution forbidden in Atlanta,
Georgia schools
1929 - USSR, Estonia, Latvia, Poland & Romania sign
Litvinov Pact
1932 - America enter Olympic 2-man bobsled competition for
1st time
1932 - US airship Columbia crashes during storm (Flushing,
NY)
1933 - -63°F (-53°C), Moran, Wyoming (state record)
1934 - -14.3°F (-25.7°C), coldest day in New York City
1934 - -51°F (-46°C), Vanderbilt, Michigan (state record)
1934 - Balkan Entente alliance forms (Yugoslavia, Greece,
Turkey & Romania)
1935 - US female Figure Skating championship won by Maribel
Vinson
1935 - US male Figure Skating championship won by Robin Lee
1939 - Belgian Spaak government falls
1940 - Joe Louis beats Arturo Godoy in 15 for heavyweight
boxing title
1941 - British troops conquer El Agheila
1941 - Nazi collaborators destroy pro-Jewish café Alcazar
Amsterdam (Alcazar refused to hang "No Entry for Jews" signs in front
of cafe)
1942 - Daylight Savings War Time goes into effect in US
1942 - Japanese troops land near Makassar, South Celebes
1942 - Philadelphia "Phillies" change nickname
(temporarily) to "Phils"
32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt32nd US President
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 - FDR orders minimal 48 hour work week in war
industry
1943 - German riots at "plutocratenzoontjes,"
1,200 in Vught Camp
1943 - Japanese evacuate Guadalcanal, ends epic battle
1943 - NL seeks buyer for Phillies, as owner Gerry Nugent,
falls in arrears
1943 - Nazis arrest Dutch sons of rich parents
1944 - U-734/U-238 sunk off Ireland
1945 - -Feb 10] Germany destroys Ruhrdammen
1945 - WAAF-corporal flies along the tail of a Spitfire
1945 - The Battle of the Atlantic the HMS Venturer sinking
U-Boat 864 off the coast of Norway.
1946 - Dutch Labor Party (Dutch Social Democratic Party)
forms
1947 - Bank robber Willie Sutton escapes jail in Phila
1948 - WLWT TV channel 5 in Cincinnati, OH (NBC) begins
broadcasting
1950 - Sen Joseph McCarthy charges State Dept infested with
205 communists
1951 - St Louis Browns sign pitcher Satchel Paige, 45
1953 - "Adventures of Superman" TV series
premieres in syndication
US Senator Joseph McCarthyUS Senator Joseph McCarthy 1953 -
WNEP TV channel 16 in Scranton Wilkes-Barre, PA (ABC) 1st broadcast
1953 - General Walter Bedell Smith, USA, ends term as 4th
director of CIA Allen W Dulles, becomes acting director of CIA
1954 - Mario Scelba forms new government in Italy
1955 - Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts crematory law
1955 - US federations of trade unions merge into AFL/CIO
1956 - -5°F (15°C) in Sicily
1956 - KHPL (now KWNB) TV channel 6 in Hayes Center, NB
(ABC) 1st broadcast
1956 - R Lacoste follows Catroux as premier of Algeria
1959 - Coasters's "Charlie Brown" peaks at #2
1960 - AFL & NFL agree verbally to a no tampering pact
1961 - Joseph Ileo appointed premier of Congo
1962 - Jamaica signs agreement to become independent
1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1963 - 1st flight of Boeing 727 jet
1963 - 7th largest snowfall in NYC history (42.4 cm,
16.7")
1964 - 1st appearance of Beatles on "Ed Sullivan
Show" (73.7 million viewers)
1964 - 9th Winter Olympic games close at Innsbruck, Austria
1964 - GI Joe character created
1964 - Hanumant Singh scores 105 India v England on debut at
Delhi
1964 - NYC news anchor Jim Jenson's 1st appearance on
WCBS-TV
1966 - Dow-Jones Index hits record 995 points
1968 - Rotterdam metro opened by princess Beatrix
1969 - Boeing 747 made its 1st commercial flight
1969 - KGTO TV channel 36 in Fayetteville, AR (ABC/NBC)
begins broadcasting
1971 - Apollo 14 returns to Earth
1971 - Probably 1st gay theme TV episode - All in the Family
1971 - Quake in San Fernando Valley kills 64 & causes
over $½B damage
1971 - Satchel Paige becomes 1st negro-league player elected
to baseball HOF
1972 - Brit government declares state of emergency after
month-long miners' strike
1973 - Biju Patnaik of the Pragati Legislature Party elected
leader of opposition in the state assembly in Orissa, India.
1974 - "Daddy What If" by Bobby Bare peaks at #41
1974 - "The Americans (A Canadian's Opinion)" by
Gordon Sinclair peaks at #24
1974 - US female Figure Skating championship won by Dorothy
Hamill
1974 - US male Figure Skating championship won by Gordon
McKellen Jr
1975 - Sandra Haynie wins LPGA Naples Lely Golf Classic
1975 - Soyuz 17 returns to Earth
1976 - Oscar Charleston selected to baseball's the Hall of
Fame
1979 - 21st Grammy Awards: Just the Way You Are, Taste of
Honey
1979 - ABC airs "Heroes of Rock N Roll" special
1979 - Beginning of James Clavell's novel
"Whirlwind"
1979 - Nigeria amends constitution
1980 - Rick Barry, Houston, is 1st in NBA to score 8, 3-pt
goals in a game
1982 - 34th NHL All-Star Game: Wales beat Campbell 4-2 at
Washington
1983 - Belgium buys 44 F-16s
1984 - "Rink" opens at Martin Beck Theater NYC for
204 performances
Pop Star MadonnaPop Star Madonna 1985 - Madonna's "Like
a Virgin," album goes #1 for 3 weeks
1986 - 36th NBA All-Star Game: East beats West 139-132 at
Dallas
1986 - Halley's Comet reaches 30th perihelion (closest
approach to Sun)
1986 - Haydar Bakr al-Attas appointed president of South
Yemen
1986 - Marvin Johnson wins record 3rd time, light
heavyweight boxing title
1986 - Patty Sheehan wins LPGA Sarasota Golf Classic
1986 - Tomb of Tutanchamon's treasurer Maya found in Egypt
1986 - West German team swims world record 4x200 m freestyle
(7:05.17)
1987 - Former national security adviser Robert McFarlane
attempts suicide
1987 - NY Stock Exch installs ladies restroom in the
Exchange Luncheon Club
1988 - 39th NHL All-Star Game: Wales beat Campbell 6-5 (OT)
at St Louis
1988 - NH begins a NCAA record 32-game losing streak at home
(ends Feb 1991)
1989 - Kevin Johnson (Phoenix) ends NBA free throw streak of
57 games
1989 - Michael Manley's Socialist Party wins Jamaica
parliamentary election
1990 - "Bradys" return to TV for 6 episodes on CBS
TV
1990 - Doina Melinte runs world indoor record 1.5k (4:00:27)
& mile (4:17:13)
1990 - Galileo flies by Venus
1990 - Namibia's constitution ratified
1991 - "This Is Ponderous" by 2nu peaks at #46
1991 - Johann Olav Koss skates world record 5k (6:41:73)
1991 - Terry Norris knocks down Sugar Ray Leonard twice
& beats him
1991 - US Supreme Court agrees to hear Joseph Doherty case
1991 - Wally Joyner wins record $2.1 million salary
arbitration
1992 - "2 Shakespearean Actors" closes at Cort
Theater NYC after 29 perfs
1992 - 42nd NBA All-Star Game: West beats East 153-113 at
Orlando
1992 - Fastest yodeler-22 tones/15 falsetto in 1 sec by
Thomas School of Germ
1992 - Heike Henkel high jumps female indoor world record
(2.07m)
1992 - Jani Sievinen swims world record 400m medley
(4:07.10)
1992 - NBA All Star Game - West beats East 153-113
1992 - Shelley Hamlin wins LPGA Phar-Mor Golf Tournament at
Hamlin Inverrary
1993 - Army of opium king Khun Sa kills 60 in NE Burma
1994 - Israeli minister Shimon Perez signs accord with PLO's
Arafat
1995 - "Heiress" opens at Cort Theater NYC for 340
performances
1995 - Irina Privalova runs female world record 50m (5.96
sec)
1996 - WYNY-FM in NYC changes calls to WKTU-FM
1996 - The Irish Republican Army declares the end of its 18
month ceasefire shortly followed by a large bomb in London's Canary Wharf.
1997 - 11th American Comedy Award: Debbie Reynolds
1997 - 47th NBA All-Star Game: East beats West 132-120 at
Cleveland
1997 - Kelly Robbins wins LPGA Diet Dr Pepper National
Pro-Am
1997 - LG Senior Golf Championship
1997 - Mark O'Meara wins Buick golf invitational
1997 - Palm Beach National LPGA Pro-Am
1997 - Scotty Bowman, is 1st NHL coach to win 1,000 games
1997 - Fox cartoon series "Simpsons" airs 167th
episode the longest-running animated series in cartoon history
1998 - Failed assassination attempt on Georgian Pres Eduard
Shevardnadze
2001 - The American submarine USS Greeneville accidentally
strikes and sinks the Ehime-Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the
Uwajima Fishery High School.
2002 - NFL Pro Bowl: AFC beats NFC 38-30
2011 - Nicki Minaj's Pink Friday album reached number one on the
Billboard 200 in its eleventh week on the chart.
2013 - 5 people are killed after Cessna plane crashes on a
Brussels runway
1825 - The U.S. House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams president. No candidate had received a majority of electoral votes. 1861 - The Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America elected Jefferson Davis as its president. 1870 - The United States Weather Bureau was authorized by Congress. The bureau is officially known as the National Weather Service (NWS). 1884 - Thomas Edison and Patrick Kenny executed a patent application for a chemical recording stock quotation telegraph (U.S. Pat. 314,115). 1885 - The first Japanese arrived in Hawaii. 1895 - Volley Ball was invented by W.G. Morgan. 1895 - The first college basketball game was played as Minnesota State School of Agriculture defeated the Porkers of Hamline College, 9-3. 1900 - Dwight F. Davis put up a new tennis trophy to go to the winner in matches against England. The trophy was a silver cup that weighed 36 pounds. 1909 - The first forestry school was incorporated in Kent, Ohio. 1932 - America entered the 2-man bobsled competition for the first time at the Olympic Winter Games held at Lake Placid, NY. 1942 - The U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff held its first formal meeting to coordinate military strategy during World War II. 1942 - Daylight-saving "War Time" went into effect in the U.S. 1943 - During World War II, the battle of Guadalcanal ended with an American victory over Japanese forces. 1950 - U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy charged that the State Department was riddled with Communists. This was the beginning of "McCarthyism." 1953 - The movie "Superman" premiered. 1958 - CBS radio debuted "Frontier Gentleman". 1960 - A verbal agreement was reached between representatives of the American and National Football Leagues. Both agreed not to tamper with player contracts. 1960 - The first star was placed on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star was for Joanne Woodward. 1969 - The Boeing 747 flew its inaugural flight. 1971 - The San Fernando Valley experienced the Sylmar earthquake that registered 6.4 on the Richter Scale. 1971 - The Apollo 14 spacecraft returned to Earth after mankind's third landing on the moon. 1975 - The Russian Soyuz 17 returned to Earth. 1984 - NBC Entertainment president, Brandon Tartikoff, gave an interviewer the "10 Commandments for TV Programmers." 1989 - Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Co. completed the $25 billion purchase of RJR Nabisco, Inc. 1997 - "The Simpsons" became the longest-running prime-time animated series. "The Flintstones" held the record previously. 2001 - "Hannibal," the sequel to "Silence of the Lambs", opened in theaters.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/feb09.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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