On This Day in History - September 27 The Axis Forms in Lead-Up To World War II

Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!


http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history


Sep 27, 1940: The Tripartite Pact is signed by Germany, Italy, and Japan

On this day in 1940, the Axis powers are formed as Germany, Italy, and Japan become allies with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Berlin. The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of the signatories suffer attack by any nation not already involved in the war. This formalizing of the alliance was aimed directly at "neutral" America--designed to force the United States to think twice before venturing in on the side of the Allies.  

The Pact also recognized the two spheres of influence. Japan acknowledged "the leadership of Germany and Italy in the establishment of a new order in Europe," while Japan was granted lordship over "Greater East Asia."  A footnote: There was a fourth signatory to the Pact-Hungary, which was dragged into the Axis alliance by Germany in November 1940.

Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:

70 - Walls of upper city of Jerusalem battered down by Romans

489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.

1066 - William the Conqueror's troops set sail for England

1290 - Earthquake in Gulf of Chili China, reportedly kills 100,000

1312 - Duke John II of Brabant ends Charter of Kortenberg

1331 - The Battle of Płowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order is fought.

1509 - Storm ravages Flemish/Dutch/Friese coast, 1000s killed

1540 - Society of Jesus (Jesuits) founded by Ignatius Loyola

1590 - Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.

1605 - The armies of Sweden are utterly defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.

1694 - Hurricane hits Carlisle Bay Barbados; 27 Brit ships sink & 3,000 die

1777 - English General William Howe occupies Philadelphia during American Revolution

1779 - John Adams negotiates Revolutionary War peace terms with Britain

1787 - Constitution submitted to states for ratification

1794 - French troops conquer Crèvecoeur

1821 - Mexican Empire declares its independence

1821 - Revolutionary forces occupy Mexico City as Spanish withdraw

1822 - Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.

1825 - Railroad transportation is born with 1st track (Stockton-Darlington)

1830 - Dutch army leaves Brussels, after 100s killed

1833 - Charles Darwin rides horse to Santa Fe

1834 - Charles Darwin returns to Valparaiso

1852 - George L Aiken's "Uncle Tom's Cabin," premieres in Troy, NY

1854 - Steamship "Arctic" sinks with 300 people on board

1855 - George F Bristow's "Rip Van Winkle," 2nd American opera, opens in NYC

1863 - Jo Shelby's cavalry in action at Moffat's Station, Arkansas

1864 - Battle at Pilot Knob (Ft Davidson) American Civil War, Missouri: 1700 killed/injured

1864 - Centralia Massacre (Missouri): 24 unarmed Union soldiers captured and executed by "Bloody Bill" Anderson/Frank

1864 - Jesse James' gang surprise attack train: 150 killed

1877 - John Mercer Langston named minister of Haiti

1881 - Chicago Cubs beat Troy 10-8 before record small "crowd" of 12

1892 - Book matches are patented by Diamond Match Company

1894 - Aqueduct racetrack opens in NY

1900 - Victory Theater (Republic, Belasco) opens at 207 W 42nd St NYC

1903 - Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.

1905 - 1st published blues composition forms sale, WC Handy Memphis Blues

1905 - Boston's Bill Dinneen no-hits Chicago White Sox, 2-0

1905 - The physics journal Annalen der Physik publishes Albert Einstein's paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", introducing the equation E=mc².

1908 - The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan.

1909 - 29th US Mens Tennis: W A Larned beats W J Clothier (61 62 57 16 61)

1910 - 1st test flight of a twin-engined airplane (France)

1912 - W C Handy publishes "Memphis Blues" 1st Blues Song, 1912

1914 - Cleveland 2nd baseman Nap Lajoie collects his 3,000th hit

1916 - 1st Native American Day celebrated, honoring American Indians

1916 - Emperor Lidj Jasu of Ethiopia flees

1916 - Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu.

1917 - Broadhurst Theater opens at 235 W 44th St NYC

1917 - EHC soccer team forms in Hoensbroek Neth

1919 - British troops withdraw from Archangelsk

1919 - Democratic National Committee voted to allow female members

1919 - Pitcher Bob Shawkey sets then Yank record with 15 strike-outs

1919 - Babe Ruth's 29th HR is 1st of year in Wash (1st in every park in league in one season)

1921 - Yanks beat Indians 21-7 in Polo Grounds

1922 - King Constantine I of Greece abdicates

1923 - Italian troops leave occupied Korfu

1923 - NY Yankee Lou Gehrig hits 1st of his 493 HRs

1924 - Giants clinch their 4th straight pennant, beating Phils 5-1

1928 - US recognizes Nationalist Chinese government

1928 - The Republic of China is recognised by the United States.

1930 - 34th US Golf Amateur Championship won by Bobby Jones

1930 - Cub's Hack Wilson's 2 HRs give him NL record 56 HRs

1930 - White Sox 1st baseman Bud Clancy didn't handle ball at all in a 9 inning game vs St Louis Browns

1931 - Lou Gehrig completes his 6th straight season, playing in every game (.3486) Jim Bottomley (.3481)

1931 - Closest NL batting race ends Chick Hafey (.3488) beats Bill Terry's

1935 - Chicago Cubs win 21st consecutive game & clinch NL pennant

1936 - 1st baseman Walter Alston plays in his only major league game

1936 - Franco troops conquer Toledo

1936 - Netherlands leave Gold Standard/devaluate guilder

1937 - 1st Santa Claus Training School opens (Albion NY)

1937 - Balinese Tiger declared extinct.

1938 - British ocean liner "Queen Elizabeth," launches at Clydebank Scotland

1938 - Jewish lawyers forbidden to practice in Germany

1938 - League of Nations declares Japan the aggressor against China

1939 - Warsaw Poland, surrenders to Germans after 19 days of resistance

1939 - White Sox host 1st "day-night" doubleheader, lose to Cleve, 5-2 & 7-5

1940 - 55 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 - Black leaders protest discrimination in US armed forces

1940 - Floyd Giebells, 1st game, 2-0 pennant clinching beating Bob Feller

1940 - Nazi-Germany, Italy and Japan sign 10 year formal alliance (Axis)

1940 - Yankees, lose to A's & eliminated from pennant for 1st time since 1935

1941 - 1st WW II liberty ship, freighter Patrick Henry, launched

1942 - Heavy German assault in Stalingrad

1942 - NY Giants beat Wash Redskins 14-7 without making a 1st down

1942 - Reinhard Heydrich, "butcher of Prague," appointed SS-general

1942 - St Louis Cards win NL pennant on last day of season

1943 - Anti-fascism opposition begins in Naples

1943 - Dutch opposition newspaper "The Slogan" publishes KZ-Lower letter

1944 - Helmond & Oss Neth liberated

1946 - King George II of Greece returns from exile

1947 - "Sweethearts" closes at Shubert Theater NYC after 288 performances

1948 - "Carib Song" opens at Adelphi Theater NYC for 36 performances

1950 - Dr Ralph Bunche receives Nobel Peace Prize

1950 - Ezzard Charles beats Joe Louis in 15 for heavyweight boxing title

1950 - Heavyweight champ Ezzard Charles defeats Joe Louis in 15 in Yankee Stadium, Bronx NY.

1951 - Persian troops occupies oil refinery at Abadan

Diplomat and Nobel Laureate Ralph BuncheDiplomat and Nobel Laureate Ralph Bunche 1953 - Bert Bechichar, Baltimore Colts, kicks a 56-yard field goal

1953 - KCMO (now KCTV) TV channel 5 in Kansas City, MO (CBS) begins

1953 - KNOE TV channel 8 in Monroe-West Monroe, LA (CBS) begins broadcasting

1953 - KOLO TV channel 8 in Reno, NV (ABC/CBS) begins broadcasting

1953 - KQTV TV channel 2 in Saint Joseph, MO (ABC) begins broadcasting

1953 - St Louis Browns play last game in Sportsman's Park, losing 100th game

1953 - Typhoon destroys 1/3 of Nagoya Japan

1953 - WHBQ TV channel 13 in Memphis, TN (ABC) begins broadcasting

1953 - WMAZ TV channel 13 in Macon, GA (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting

1953 - WTOK TV channel 11 in Meridian, MS (ABC/CBS) begins broadcasting

1954 - 1st African American Supreme Court page is CV Bush

1954 - School integration begins in Wash DC & Baltimore Md public schools

1954 - Steve Allen's "Tonight Show" premieres

1957 - Giants rent Seals Stadium until Candlestick is built

1959 - Betsy Rawls wins LPGA Opie Turner Golf Open

1959 - Braves & Dodgers finish in a tie (86-68)

1959 - Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev concludes his US visit

1960 - Europe's 1st "moving pavement," (travelator), opens at Bank station

1961 - Sandy Koufax sets NL strikeout season record at 269

1961 - Sierre Leone becomes 100th member of UN

1962 - Military uprising under Col Abdullah as-Sallal North Yemen

1962 - US sells Israel, Hawk anti-aircraft missiles

1963 - At 10:59 AM census clock, records US population at 190,000,000

1963 - Lee Harvey Oswald visits Cubans consulate in Mexico

Ex-soldier, drifter Lee Harvey OswaldEx-soldier, drifter Lee Harvey Oswald 1964 - Despite 3 HRs by Johnny Callison, Phils are 14-8 losers to Braves

1964 - Mickey Wright wins LPGA Visalia Ladies' Golf Open

1964 - Phillies 7th straight loses sends them into 2nd place

1964 - Warren Commission released, finds Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone

1967 - Phillies Jim Bunning ties NL record of 5, 1-0 losses in a year

1967 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1968 - "Hair" opens in London

1968 - Cardinal's super pitcher Bob Gibson's 13th shutout of year

1968 - France refuses UK entry into common market

1970 - Ken Boswell sets 2nd baseman record of 85 games without an error

1971 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

1972 - 1st game at Nassau Coliseum, Rangers beat Islanders 6-4 (exhibition)

1973 - Nolan Ryan strikes out 16 in 11 innings, for record 383 of season

1973 - Soyuz 12 carries 2 cosmonauts into Earth orbit (2 days)

1973 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

1974 - -10/26] Rome: 4th bishop synod

1974 - Austr National Gallery buys W de Kooning's "Woman V" for $850,000

1975 - Government De Uyl recalls Dutch ambassador from Spain

1977 - Phillies clinch 2nd straight NL East Division title

1978 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1978 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

1979 - Congress' final approval to create Dept of Education

Singer Elton JohnSinger Elton John 1979 - Elton John, sick with flu, collapse on Hollywood Universal Ampitheater

1979 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR

1980 - WHOT (Brooklyn New York pirate radio station) begins on 1620 AM & 92.5 FM

1980 - Marvin Hagler defeats Alan Minter to claim boxing's world Middleweight championship in London. They have to be escorted away by police after a riot forms.

1981 - "Day in Hollywood, A Night..," closes at John Golden NY after 588 perf

1982 - Cards clinching NL East title

1982 - Filming begins on "Never Say Never Again"

1982 - Jan Wolkers awarded but refuses Constantine Huygens-prize

1982 - John Palmer becomes news anchor of Today Show

1983 - South Africa worker's union leader Curnick Ndlovu freed after 19 years

1983 - Tim Raines is 1st since Ty Cobb to steal 70 & drive in 70 runs

1985 - 8 killed as roof collapses in Brussel's supermarket

1985 - Hurricane Gloria's 130 MPH wind hits Atlantic coast

1986 - Senate joins House of Reps voting for sweeping tax reforms

1987 - 27th Ryder Cup: Europe beats US, 15-13 at Muirfield Village GC (Ohio)

1987 - Jan Stephens wins LPGA Konica San Jose Golf Classic

1987 - NFL players' strike

1987 - Phil Niekro final appearance & is pounded for 5 runs in 3 innings

1988 - Grand jury evidence shows Tawana Brawley fabricated rape story

1988 - Senate votes for major federal tax code changes

1988 - The National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.

1989 - Oakland wins AL West & SF wins NL West title

1989 - Sony purchases Columbia Pictures for $3.4 billion cash

1990 - Dee Dee Ramone arrested on marijuana possession

1990 - Deposed emir of Kuwait address UN General Assembly

1990 - Gunman holds 33 people (killing 1) hostage in Berkeley Calif

1990 - Senate Judiciary committee approves Souter's Supreme Court

1990 - Tour de France champion Greg LeMond visits White House

1990 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1991 - "Princesses" premieres on CBS TV

US President George H. W. BushUS President George H. W. Bush 1991 - President Bush decides to end full-time B-52 bombers alert

1991 - 1st scheduled NHL exhibition game in St Petersburg Fla, is cancelled due to poor ice conditions (NY Islanders vs Boston Bruins)

1992 - ASPCA stops Santeria ceremony in Bronx halts sacrifice of 42 animals

1992 - LA Dodgers for 1st time in history clinch last place

1992 - Military transport plane crashes in Lagos, Nigeria killing 163

1992 - Nancy Scranton wins Los Coyotes LPGA Golf Classic

1992 - Pittsburgh Pirates win their 3rd straight NL East title

1992 - Seattle's Randy Johnson ties AL record for lefties with 18 strike outs

1993 - Actor Daniel Day Lewis pleads guilty to speeding charges

1993 - The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.

1996 - Balt Oriole Roberto Alomar spits in face of umpire John Hirschbeck

1996 - In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.

1996 - The Julie N. tanker skip crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.

1998 - Core States Betsy King Golf Classic

1998 - Google is launched.

2002 - Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.

2003 - Actress Halle Berry announces her separation from second husband, R&B singer Eric Benet

2003 - Smart 1 satellite is launched.

2005 - Atlanta Braves clinch their 14th straight division title thanks to Philadelphia's loss to the New York Mets

2008 - CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7.

2012 - UN publicly releases documents from China and Japan detailing their contesting claims for the Senkoku Islands

2012 - The Mars Curiosity rover discovers what evidence of a fast-moving streambed-in Mars

2012 - The 2004 Japanese discovery of the 133th element has been confirmed

1779 - John Adams was elected to negotiate with the British over the American Revolutionary War peace terms.   1825 - George Stephenson operated the first locomotive that hauled a passenger train.   1894 - The Aqueduct Race Track opened in New York City, NY.   1928 - The U.S. announced that it would recognize the Nationalist Chinese Government.   1938 - The League of Nations branded the Japanese as aggressors in China.   1939 - After 19 days of resistance, Warsaw, Poland, surrendered to the Germans after being invaded by the Nazis and the Soviet Union during World War II.   1940 - The Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis was set up. The military and economic pact was for 10 years between Germany, Italy and Japan.   1954 - The "Tonight!" show made its debut on NBC-TV with Steve Allen as host.   1962 - The U.S. sold Hawk anti-aircraft missiles to Israel.   1968 - The U.K.'s entry into the European Common Market was barred by France.   1970 - "The Original Amateur Hour" aired for the last time on CBS. It had been on television for 22 years.   1973 - U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew said he would not resign after he pled "no contest" to a charge of tax evasion. He did resign on October 10th.   1979 - The Department of Education became the 13th Cabinet in U.S. history after the final approval from Congress.   1982 - Italian and French soldiers entered the Sabra and Chatilla refugee camps in Beirut. The move was made by the members of a multinational force due to hundreds of Palestinians being massacred by Christian militiamen.   1983 - Larry Bird signed a seven-year contract with the Boston Celtics worth $15 million. The contract made him the highest paid Celtic in history.   1986 - The U.S. Senate approved federal tax code changes that were the most sweeping since World War II.   1989 - Columbia Pictures Entertainment agreed to buyout Sony Corporation for $3.4 billion.   1989 - Two men went over the 176-foot-high Niagara Falls in a barrel. Jeffrey Petkovich and Peter Debernardi were the first to ever survive the Horshoe Falls.   1990 - The deposed emir of Kuwait addressed the U.N. General Assembly and denounced the "rape, destruction and terror" that Iraq had inflicted upon his country.   1991 - U.S. President George H.W. Bush eliminated all land-based tactical nuclear arms and removed all short-range nuclear arms from ships and submarines around the world. Bush then called on the Soviet Union to do the same.   1994 - More than 350 Republican congressional candidates signed the Contract with America. It was a 10-point platform they pledged to enact if voters sent a GOP majority to the House.   1995 - The U.S. government unveiled the redesigned $100 bill. The bill featured a larger, off-center portrait of Benjamin Franklin.   1998 - In Germany, Social Democrat Gerhard Schroeder was elected chancellor. The election ended 16 years of conservative rule.   1998 - Mark McGwire (St. Louis Cardinals) set a major league baseball record when he hit his 70th home run of the season.   2004 - North Korean Vice Foreign Minister Choe Su Hon announced that North Korea had turned plutonium from 8,000 spent nuclear fuel rods into nuclear weapons. He also said that the weapons were to serve as a deterrent against increasing U.S. nuclear threats and to prevent nuclear war in northeast Asia. The U.S. State Department noted that the U.S. has repeatedly said that the U.S. has no plans to attack North Korea.




1540 Pope Paul III approved the charter for the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), founded by St. Ignatius Loyola. 1939 Warsaw, Poland, was surrendered to the Nazis after weeks of resistance. 1959 Typhoon Vera battered the Japanese island of Honshu, killing almost 5,000 people. 1964 The Warren Commission report concluded that there was no conspiracy in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone. 1998 Mark McGwire hit his record-setting 69th and 70th home runs in the last game of the regular season.




The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:

http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php

http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/sep27.htm

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history

http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory