Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/great-emigration-departs-for-oregon
May 22, 1843: Great Emigration departs for Oregon
A massive wagon train, made up of 1,000 settlers and 1,000 head of cattle, sets off down the Oregon Trail from Independence, Missouri. Known as the "Great Emigration," the expedition came two years after the first modest party of settlers made the long, overland journey to Oregon.
After leaving Independence, the giant wagon train followed the Sante Fe Trail for some 40 miles and then turned northwest to the Platte River, which it followed along its northern route to Fort Laramie, Wyoming. From there, it traveled on to the Rocky Mountains, which it passed through by way of the broad, level South Pass that led to the basin of the Colorado River. The travelers then went southwest to Fort Bridger, northwest across a divide to Fort Hall on the Snake River, and on to Fort Boise, where they gained supplies for the difficult journey over the Blue Mountains and into Oregon. The Great Emigration finally arrived in October, completing the 2,000-mile journey from Independence in five months.
In the next year, four more wagon trains made the journey, and in 1845 the number of emigrants who used the Oregon Trail exceeded 3,000. Travel along the trail gradually declined with the advent of the railroads, and the route was finally abandoned in the 1870s.
334 BC - The Macedonian army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus
760 - 14th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet
1176 - Murder attempt by "Assassins" on Saladin near Aleppo
1200 - Peace of Goulet
1246 - Henry Raspe was elected anti-king by the Rhenish prelates in France.
1370 - Jews are expelled and/massacred from Brussels Belgium
1377 - Pope Gregory XI issues five papal bulls to denounce the doctrines of English theologian John Wycliffe.
1455 - Open battle in England's 30-year War of the Roses, as King Henry VI was taken prisoner by the Yorkists at the Battle of St. Albans.
1455 - Richard of York takes St Albans, kidnapping King Henry VI
1526 - Pope Clemens VII, France, Genoa, Venice, Florence & Milan form Anti-French League of Cognac
1570 - Abraham Ortelius published the first modern atlas with 70 maps was published in Belgium.
1594 - Earl Mauritius and Willem Louis begins siege of Groningen
1629 - Emperor Ferdinand II & Danish King Christian IV sign Peace of Lubeck
1659 - France, England & Netherlands sign "Hedges Concerto" treaty
1712 - Emperor Karel VI crowned king of Hungary
1746 - Russia & Austria sign treaty of cooperation
1761 - In Philadelphia, the first life insurance policy was issued in the U.S.
1762 - Sweden & Prussia sign peace treaty
1784 - Ceylonese student leader Pieter Quint Ondaatje demands democracy
1803 - First public library opens (Connecticut)
1807 - Former VP Aaron Burr is tried for treason in Richmond Va (acquitted)
1807 - Townsend Speakman 1st sells fruit-flavored carbonated drinks (Phila)
1819 - The steamship Savannah became the first to cross the Atlantic Ocean.
1826 - The HMS Beagle departs on its first voyage.
1836 - Felix Mendelssohn's oratorium "St Paul," premieres in Dusseldorf
1840 - The transporting of British convicts to the New South Wales colony is abolished.
1841 - Henry Kennedy received a patent for the first reclining chair.
1842 - Farmers Lester Howe and Henry Wetsel discover Howe Caverns when they stumble upon a large gaping hole in the ground.
1843 - First wagon train, 1000+ depart Independence Missouri for Oregon
1849 - Abraham Lincoln received patent number 6469 for his floating dry dock.
1856 - Violence in Senate, South Carolina representative Brooks used a cane on Mass Sen Sumner
1858 - Confederación Granadina (now Colombia) forms
1859 - The creator of "Sherlock Holmes," Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was born.
1863 - General Grant begins siege on Vicksburg
1863 - War Dept establishes Bureau of Colored Troops
1864 - Battle of N Anna River, VA (Totopotamy River, Haw's Shop, Hanovertown)
1868 - Great Train Robbery near Marshfield, IN, The "Great Train Robbery" took place. The robbery was worth $96,000 in cash, gold and bonds to the seven members of the Reno gang.
1872 - Amnesty Act restored civil rights to Southerners (except for 500)
1877 - 3rd Kentucky Derby: Billy Walker aboard Baden-Baden wins in 2:38
1882 - The U.S. formally recognized Korea.
1883 - Cub's Billy Sunday's 1st at bat, begins 14 consecutive strikes out
1884 - 1-armed pitcher Hugh Daily fanned 13 hitters
1885 - 13th Preakness: Jim McLaughlin aboard Tecumseh wins in 2:49
1888 - Leroy Buffington patents a system to build skyscrapers
1891 - 1st motion picture shown to Natl Federation of Women's Clubs
1891 - The first public motion picture was shown to the Natl Federation of Women's Clubs in Thomas Edison's lab.
1892 - Dr. Washington Sheffield, a British dentist, invented the toothpaste tube
1892 - Dr Washington Sheffield invents toothpaste tube
1893 - Montreal Athletic Association beat Ottawa Generals 2-1, in first Cup Game
1897 - The Blackwall Tunnel under the River Thames was officially opened
1900 - Associated Press organizes in NYC as non-profit news cooperative
1900 - Edwin S Votey patents pneumatic piano player
1900 - The Associated Press was incorporated as a non-profit news cooperative in New York.
1900 - A. DeVilbiss, Jr. patented his pendulum-type computing scale.
1900 - Edwin S. Votey received a patent for the pianola (a pneumatic piano player). It could be attached to any piano.
1902 - 36th Belmont: John Bullman aboard Mastermam wins in 2:22.6
1903 - Launch of the White Star Liner, SS Ionic.
1905 - Royal Academy in Delft Holland becomes Technical High School
1906 - 10th anniversary Olympic games close at Athens, Greece
1906 - 31st Preakness: Walter Miller aboard Whimsical wins in 1:45
1906 - Wright Brothers patents an aeroplane
1907 - Albert Trott takes two hat-tricks in an innings, Mddx v Somerset
1908 - The Wright brothers registered their flying machine for a U.S. patent.
1909 - First SF fireboat, David Scannell, launched
1911 - Braves pitcher, Cliff Curtis, loses his 23rd game in a row
1915 - Local train collides with troop train killing 226 (Gretna Scotland)
1915 - Lassen Peak erupts with a powerful force, and is the only mountain, other than Mount St. Helens, to erupt in the continental US during the 20th century.
1916 - French troops occupy parts of Fort Douaumont Verdun
1923 - Stanley Baldwin succeeds Andrew Bonar Law as British premier
1924 - In Chicago, Nathan Leopold & Richard Loeb kidnap Robert Franks
1926 - "Five Foot Two, Eyes of Blue" by Gene Austin hits #1
1926 - Chiang Kai-shek replaces communists in Guomindang China
1926 - Dutch Communist Party expels David Wijnkoop
1927 - An earthquake measuring 8.3 on the Richter scale struck Nan-Shan, near Xining, China. It claimed approximately 200,000 victims.
1927 - Dodgers beat Phillies, 20-4
1928 - US Congress accept Jones-White Merchant Naval Act
1930 - Ruth hits 3 consecutive HR (8th-10th of 60 in 1930)
1930 - Yankee "Bronx Bombers" hit 14 HRs in a game
1931 - Canned rattlesnake meat 1st goes on sale in Florida
1933 - Loch Ness Monster is first reportedly sighted by John Mackay
1933 - World Trade Day/National Maritime Day 1st celebrated
1936 - Aer Lingus (Aer Loingeas) is founded by the Irish government as the national airline of the Republic of Ireland.
1938 - Dodgers announce contracts to install lights at Ebbets Field
1939 - Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini signed a military alliance between Germany and Italy known as the "Pact of Steel."
1940 - Dutch Premier De Geer begins working with Nazis
1940 - Premier Winston Churchill flies to Paris to decide with General Maxime Weygand a strategy to save the city
1941 - British troops attack Baghdad
1942 - Mexico declares war on Nazi-Germany & Japan
1942 - The Steel Workers Organizing Committee disbands, and a new trade union, the United Steelworkers, is formed.
1943 - First jet fighter is tested
1943 - RAF scatters 1st copies of "The Flying Hollander"
1943 - Stalin disbands Komintern
1945 - 6th Marine division reaches suburbs of Naha Okinawa
1945 - NSB-Fuhrer Rost van Tonningen attempts & fails at suicide
1946 - Yankees turn triple-play & defeat Tigers' 5-3
1947 - The Truman Doctrine was enacted by the U.S. Congress to appropriate military and economic aid Turkey and Greece.
1947 - First US ballistic missile fired
1950 - Celal Bayar elected president of Turkey
1950 - Dutch poet Gerrit Achterberg wins PC Hooft prize
1950 - Richard Strauss' "4 Last Songs" (4 letzte Lieder) in London
1953 - President Eisenhower signs Offshore Oil Bill
1953 - Yankee Irv Noren hits into a triple-play, Yanks beat Wash 12-4
1954 - 80th Preakness: Johnny Adams aboard Hasty Road wins in 1:57.4
1954 - KREX TV channel 5 in Grand Junction, CO (CBS) begins broadcasting
1954 - Robert Zimmerman aka Bob Dylan is Bar Mitzvahed
1955 - A scheduled dance to be headlined by Fats Domino was canceled by police in Bridgeport, Connecticut because "rock and roll dances might be featured."
1955 - Jack Benny did his last live network radio broadcast after a run of 23 years. He devoted his time fully to TV.
1955 - Oldest man to drive in the Grand Prix (aged 55) finishes 6th
1956 - "Bob Hope Show," last airs on NBC-TV
1956 - KRIS TV channel 6 in Corpus Christi, TX (NBC) begins broadcasting
1957 - KBTX TV channel 3 in Bryan, TX (CBS) begins broadcasting
1957 - South Africa government approves race separation in universities
1959 - Benjamin O Davis Jr becomes 1st black gen-major in USAF
1960 - Virtually all coastal towns between 37th & 44th parallels severely damaged by tsunami that strikes Hilo, Hawaii at 01:04 AM
1961 - "Mother-In-Law" by Ernie K-Doe hits #1
1961 - "Touchables In Brooklyn" by Dickie Goodman hits #42
1961 - First revolving restaurant (Top Of The Needle in Seattle), opens
1962 - 14th Emmy Awards: Bob Newhart Show, E G Marshall & Shirley Booth
1962 - Netherlands telephone net becomes completely automated
1962 - Robert A Rushworth, USAF major, takes X-15 to 30,600m
1962 - Roger Maris walks 5 times (record 4 intentionally) in a 9 inn game
1962 - Continental Airlines Flight 11 crashes after bombs explode on board.
1963 - A C Milan wins 8th Europe Cup 1 at London
1963 - Greek parliament leader Lambrakis injured
1963 - Mickey Mantle hits a ball off Yankee Stadium's facade
1964 - LBJ presents "Great Society"
1965 - "Super-cali-fragil-istic-expi-ali-docious" hits #66
1965 - Beatles' "Ticket to Ride," single goes #1
1965 - Mad Dog Vachon beats Igor Vodic in Omaha, to become NWA champ
1966 - 18th Emmy Awards: Fugitive, Dick Van Dyke & Mary Tyler Moore
1967 - "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood," debuted on NET (now PBS)
1967 - The final "To Tell the Truth" program was seen on CBS-TV.
1967 - Egyptian president Nassar closes Straits of Tiran to Israel
1967 - Fire at L'Innovation dept store kills 322 (Brussels, Belgium)
1968 - Pitts Pirate Willie Stargell hits 3 HRs, a double & a single
1969 - A lunar module of Apollo 10 LEM, piloted by Stafford and Cernan, flew within 9.4 miles (15km) above lunar surface. The event was a rehearsal for the first lunar landing.
1970 - Arab terrorists kill 9 children & 3 adults on a school bus
1970 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1970 - Mel Stottlemyre sets record by walking 11, but wins 2-0
1972 - The island Ceylon ratified a new constitution and became the Republic of Sri Lanka.
1972 - Ton Sijbrands became world checker champion
1972 - US president Nixon began visit of Moscow. He became the first U.S. president to visit the Soviet Union, and met with Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
1973 - Emmy News & Documentaries Award presentation
1973 - President Nixon confesses his role in Watergate cover-up
1974 - Ruffian begins her racing career as a filly & dies 14 months later
1974 - Soccer team Veendam forms
1974 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1975 - 8th ABA Championship: Kentucky Colonels beat Ind Pacers, 4 games to 1
1976 - NASA launches space vehicle S-179
1976 - St Louis Cardinal Reggie Smith hits 3 HR
1977 - Janet Guthrie set the fastest time of the second weekend of qualifying, becoming the first woman to earn a starting spot in the Indianapolis 500 since its inception in 1911.
1977 - Final European scheduled run of Orient Express (94 years)
1977 - Red Sox (6) & Brewers (5) tie single game HR record of 11
1979 - Canadians elect conservatives, Joseph Clark replaces Pierre Trudeau
1979 - Commencement of 1st ICC Trophy (PNG v E Afr & Singapore v Arg)
1981 - Soyuz 40 returns to Earth
1983 - Toronto Blue Jay Cliff Johnson hits record 18th pinch hit HR
1985 - Real Madrid wins 14th UEFA Cup at Madrid
1985 - US sailor Michael L Walker arrested for spying for USSR
1985 - Pete Rose passed Hank Aaron as National League run scoring leader with 2,108.
1986 - Sylvester Stallone agreed to a 10-picture, six-year deal with United Artists. He signed for a reported $15 million for each film.
1986 - Cher called David Letterman an asshole on Late Night on NBC
1987 - 30 killed in a Texas tornado
1988 - Károly Grósz succeeds party leader Janos Kádár in Hungary
1990 - Andre Dawson sets record being intentionally walked 5 times
1990 - Dow Jones avg hits a record 2,852.23
1990 - Final episode of "Newhart" airs 1990 - Microsoft releases Windows 3.0
1990 - In the Middle East, North and South Yemen merged to become a single state known as the Republic of Yemen.
1990 - Microsoft released Windows 3.0.
1991 - Inter Milan wins 20th UEFA Cup at Rome
1991 - NFL Owners agree to add 2 expansion teams for the 1995 season (Carolina Panthers and the Jacksonville Jaguars)
1991 - Roh Jai Bong resigns as premier of South Korea
1992 - California Angels, are involved in a bus crash, in NJ
1992 - India launches its Agni rocket
1992 - Johnny Carson hosted NBC's "Tonight Show" for the last time. He had been host for 30 years.
1993 - Riddick Bowe TKOs Jesse Ferguson in 2 for heavyweight boxing title
1994 - Toronto NBA franchise unveils name "Raptors" & logo
1995 - Laverne & Shirley 20th anniversary reunionn special, televised
1996 - "Tartuffe: Born Again," opens at Circle in Sq Theater NYC for 29 perfs
1996 - Emmy 23rd Daytime Award presentation - Susan Lucci loses for 16th time
1997 - Kelly Flinn, the U.S. Air Force's first female bomber pilot certified for combat, accepted a general discharge. She thereby avoided court-martial on charges of adultery, lying and disobeying an order.
1998 - Bolivia was hit with a series of powerful earthquakes. At least 18 were killed. The quakes ranged in magnitude from 5.9 to 6.8.
1998 - New information came to light about the June 1996 bombing that killed 19 American airmen. The information indicated that Saudi citizens had been responsible and not Iranians as once believed.
1998 - A federal judge ruled that Secret Service agents could be compelled to testify before a grand jury in Monica Lewinsky investigation concerning U.S. President Clinton.
1998 - Voters in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland turned out to cast ballots giving approval to a Northern Ireland peace accord.
2002 - Chandra Levy's remains were found in Washington, DC's Rock Creek Park. She was last seen on April 30, 2001. California Congressman Gary Condit was questioned in the case due to his relationship with Levy.
2002 - In Birmingham, AL, a jury convicted former Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry of the 1963 murders of four girls in the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church.
2002 - Barry Bonds (San Francisco Giants) hit his 583rd career home run. He tied Mark McGwire for fifth on the all-time list.
2003 - The UN Security Council approved a resolution lifting the economic sanctions against Iraq and supporting the U.S.-led administration in Iraq.
2004 - The U.S. town of Hallam, Nebraska, is wiped out by a powerful F4 tornado that broke a width record at an astounding 2.5 miles wide. It also kills one local resident.
2006 - Results from the Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006 are announced. 55.4% of voters vote to become independent from the Serbia and Montenegro Union.
2011 - An EF5 Tornado strikes the US city of Joplin, Missouri, the single deadliest US tornado since 2003. At least 158 people are killed and hundreds more injured by the three-quarter-mile-wide tornado. The tornado is among the deadliest in the nation's history, destroying nearly a third of the city and damaging about 2,000 buildings, including water treatment and sewage plants.
2012 - Tokyo Skytree, which at 634 meters high is the tallest tower in the world, opened to the public.e modern record keeping began in 1950.
2012 - 14 people die and 30 are injured in train collision in India
2012 - Philip Philips is crowned the eleventh American Idol
Here is the list of web pages used for completion of this blog entry:
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/may22.htm
http://www.historyorb.com/day/may/22
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/great-emigration-departs-for-oregon
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory/May-22
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