On This Day in History - November 4 Soviets End Hungarian Revolution in Violence

Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history

Nov 4, 1956:  Soviets put brutal end to Hungarian revolution

A spontaneous national uprising that began 12 days before in Hungary is viciously crushed by Soviet tanks and troops on this day in 1956. Thousands were killed and wounded and nearly a quarter-million Hungarians fled the country.  

The problems in Hungary began in October 1956, when thousands of protesters took to the streets demanding a more democratic political system and freedom from Soviet oppression. In response, Communist Party officials appointed Imre Nagy, a former premier who had been dismissed from the party for his criticisms of Stalinist policies, as the new premier. Nagy tried to restore peace and asked the Soviets to withdraw their troops. The Soviets did so, but Nagy then tried to push the Hungarian revolt forward by abolishing one-party rule. He also announced that Hungary was withdrawing from the Warsaw Pact (the Soviet bloc's equivalent of NATO).  

On November 4, 1956, Soviet tanks rolled into Budapest to crush, once and for all, the national uprising. Vicious street fighting broke out, but the Soviets' great power ensured victory. At 5:20 a.m., Hungarian Prime Minister Imre Nagy announced the invasion to the nation in a grim, 35-second broadcast, declaring: "Our troops are fighting. The Government is in place." Within hours, though, Nagy sought asylum at the Yugoslav Embassy in Budapest. He was captured shortly thereafter and executed two years later. Nagy’s former colleague and imminent replacement, János Kádár, who had been flown secretly from Moscow to the city of Szolnok, 60 miles southeast of the capital, prepared to take power with Moscow's backing.  

The Soviet action stunned many people in the West. Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev had pledged a retreat from the Stalinist policies and repression of the past, but the violent actions in Budapest suggested otherwise. An estimated 2,500 Hungarians died and 200,000 more fled as refugees. Sporadic armed resistance, strikes and mass arrests continued for months thereafter, causing substantial economic disruption. Inaction on the part of the United States angered and frustrated many Hungarians. Voice of America radio broadcasts and speeches by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles had recently suggested that the United States supported the "liberation" of "captive peoples" in communist nations. Yet, as Soviet tanks bore down on the protesters, the United States did nothing beyond issuing public statements of sympathy for their plight.










Nov 4, 1995:  Yitzhak Rabin assassinated

Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is fatally shot after attending a peace rally held in Tel Aviv's Kings Square in Israel. Rabin later died in surgery at Ichilov Hospital in Tel Aviv.  

The 73-year-old prime minister was walking to his car when he was shot in the arm and the back by Yigal Amir, a 27-year-old Jewish law student who had connections to the far-right Jewish group Eyal. Israeli police arrested Amir at the scene of the shooting, and he later confessed to the assassination, explaining at his arraignment that he killed Rabin because the prime minister wanted "to give our country to the Arabs."  

Born in Jerusalem, Rabin was a leader of the Arab-Israeli war of 1948 and served as chief-of-staff of Israel's armed forces during the Six-Day War of 1967. After serving as Israel's ambassador to the United States, Rabin entered the Labour Party and became prime minister in 1974. As prime minister, he conducted the negotiations that resulted in a 1974 cease-fire with Syria and the 1975 military disengagement agreement between Israel and Egypt. In 1977, Rabin resigned as prime minister over a scandal involving his holding of bank accounts in the United States in violation of Israeli law. From 1984 to 1990, he served as his country's defense minister.  

In 1992, Rabin led the Labour Party to election victory and became Israel's prime minister again. In 1993, he signed the historic Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles with Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat and in 1994 concluded a formal peace agreement with the Palestinians. In October 1994, Rabin and Arafat shared the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Israeli foreign minister Shimon Peres. One year later, Rabin was assassinated. Peres succeeded him as prime minister.  


Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:

922 - Richarius becomes bishop of Luik

1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.

1501 - Philip de Blank & Juana "la Loca" depart to Spain

1519 - Flood ravages Dutch/Friese coast

1520 - Danish/Norwegian king Christian II crowned king of Sweden

1529 - English cardinal Thomas Wolsey arrested

1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spanish defeat Walloon and captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).

1619 - Frederik V crowned king of Bohemia

1631 - Ferdinand of Austria installed as land guardian of S Netherlands

1645 - Prince Frederik Henry conquerors Holly

1646 - Massachusetts uses death penalty for denying that Holy Bible is God's word

1675 - Storm hits Western Europe: flood in Amsterdam

1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.

1771 - Carlo Goldoni's "Le Bourru Bienfaisant," premieres in Paris

1783 - W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is premiered in Linz, Austria.

1839 - The Newport Rising is the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.

1841 - 1st wagon train arrives in California

1845 - 1st nationally observed uniform election day in US

1846 - Benjamin Palmer patents artificial leg

1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.

1854 - Lighthouse built on Alcatraz Island

US President James Buchanan 1856 - James Buchanan elected 15th US president

1861 - University of Washington founded in Seattle

1862 - Dr Richard Gatling patents Gatling machine gun (Indianapolis)

1864 - Confederate assault on Johnsonville, Tennessee

1864 - Naval Engagement at Reynoldsburg Island

1866 - Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia

1867 - 90 kegs of powder used to get rock from Telegraph Hill for seawall

1873 - Dentist John Beers of SF patents gold crown

1874 - Samuel J Tilden elected governor of NY

1875 - Passenger Steamship "Pacific" collides with sailing vessel "Orpheus" off Cape Flattery Wash, 236 die

1875 - Tonga adopts constitution

1876 - John Brahms' 1st Symphony in C, premieres

1879 - Elkins patents refrigerating apparatus

1879 - James Ritty patents 1st cash register, to combat stealing by bartenders in his Dayton, Ohio saloon

1884 - Grover Cleveland (D) beats James G Blaine (R) for his 1st presidential term. The only American president to serve 2 non-consecutive terms

US President Grover Cleveland 1886 - Edward MacDowell's "Ophelia," premieres

1889 - Players League begins, declaring independence from baseball's NL

1890 - Great Britain proclaims Zanzibar as a protectorate

1890 - Prince of Wales opens 1st underground station (Stockwell, London)

1890 - St Aleksandr Borodons opera "Prins Igor," premieres in Petersburg

1893 - Dr Jamesons Legertje occupies Bulawayo Matabeleland

1901 - Clyde Fitch' "Way of the World," premieres in NYC

1904 - 1st stadium built specifically for football (Harvard Stadium)

1905 - Dock strike against importing grain elevators in Rotterdam

1908 - Brooklyn Academy of Music, opens in NYC

1909 - Opera "Il Segreto di Susanna" is produced (Munich)

1910 - Start of South Africa's 1st F-C game in Aust (v S Aust). It rained

1911 - France & Germany signs treaty about Morocco & Congo

1914 - Soviet Union declares war on Turkey

1914 - Vogue holds 1st model show ("Fashion Fete," NYC)

1918 - Kiel in hands of revolutionary sailors

Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler

1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.

1922 - Howard Carter discovers tomb of Tutankhamen in Egypt

1924 - British Labour government of Ramsay MacDonald resigns

1924 - California legalizes professional boxing (illegal since 1914)

1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross elected 1st US female gov (Wyoming)

1924 - US president Calvin Coolidge re-elected

1928 - Jose Moncada elected president of Nicaragua

1929 - John Baldridge' "Berkeley Square," premieres in NYC

1931 - Jean Genet's "Judith," premieres in Paris

1933 - Bradman scores 200 NSW v Queensland, 184 mins, 26 fours

1933 - Hermann Goering & Georgi Dimitrov duel

1933 - Young Park (1) in the Bronx named in honor of James Young

1934 - Pitts ends Detroit Lions' shutout streak at 7 games but loses 40-7

1939 - 1940 Olympics awarded to Helsinki, Finland

Nazi Politician Hermann Goering 1939 - 1st air conditioned automobile (Packard) exhibited, Chicago, Ill

1939 - US allows "cash & carry" arms sales during WW II

1940 - Eggs & cake rationed in Netherlands

1942 - 13th day of battle at El Alamein: Afrika Korps draws back out Fuka-posing

1943 - France arrests government of Lebanon

1944 - German troops reconquer Schmidt Hurtgenwald

1944 - RAF bombs Dinteloord, 54 killed

1946 - "Park Avenue" opens at Shubert Theater NYC for 72 performances

1946 - UN Educational, Scientific, & Cultural Organization formed

1948 - TS Eliot wins Nobel Prize for literature

1949 - "One Man's Family" premieres on TV

1950 - "Barrier" closes at Broadhurst Theater NYC after 4 performances

1950 - "Consul" closes at Barrymore Theater NYC after 269 performances

1950 - Indonesian troops reconquer Ambonese capital Ambon

1950 - US troops vacate Pyongyang North Korea

1951 - 9th Ryder Cup: US wins 9½-2½ at Pinehurst Resort (Pinehurst, North Carolina, US)

1951 - NY Giants & NY Yanks score back-to-back TDs on kickoff returns

1951 - Vijay Merchant scores 154 v England in his last Test Cricket innings

1952 - Earthquake & flood strike Kamshatka-South America

1952 - General Dwight Eisenhower (R) elected 34th pres beating Adlai Stevenson (D)

1953 - Eddie Joost succeeds Jimmy Dykes as the manager of Phila A's

1953 - New balk rule gives the batter option; of accepting the outcome of the pitch or the balk

1954 - "Fanny" opens at Majestic Theater NYC for 888 performances

1954 - Philadelphia A's move to Kansas City

1955 - The rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio after it was totally destroyed in World War II.

1956 - 200,000 Russian troops attack anti-Stalinist revolt in Budapest

1956 - Israel captures Straits of Tiran & reach Suez Canal Egypt

1956 - USSR sends tanks into Hungary & threatens to bomb Budapest

1957 - 2nd Soviet Earth-satellite launched

262nd Pope John XXIII 1958 - Angelo G Roncalli crowned as pope John XXIII

1958 - Belgian government of Eyskens, resigns

1958 - Democrats win US congressional election

1959 - Ernie Banks, Cubs shortstop, wins 2nd consecutive NL MVP

1960 - "Misfits" premieres, final movie for Clark Gable & Marilyn Monroe

1961 - Karamanlis becomes premier of Greece

1962 - Murle Lindstrom wins LPGA San Antonio Civitan Golf Tournament

1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island

1963 - John Lennon utters his infamous "Rattle your jewellery" line

1965 - Lee Breedlove sets female land speed record (308.56 MPH) in Utah

1966 - Flooding of Arno River (Italy) destroys countless art works, kills 113

1968 - Battles between Jordan army & Al Fatah-arm forces

1968 - WRDU (now WPTF) TV chan 28 in Raleigh-Durham, NC (NBC) 1st broadcast

1968 - WTOG TV channel 44 in St Petersburg-Tampa, FL (IND) 1st broadcast

1970 - Russian nuclear physicist Sacharov forms Human Rights Comittee

Musician and Beatle John Lennon 1970 - Genie, a 13 year old feral child was found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.

1972 - Bangladesh adopts constitution

1972 - Kings score 3 goals within 45 seconds against Islanders

1973 - 1000s commemorates former premier Georgios Papandreou

1973 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Lady Errol Golf Classic

1973 - M Medoff's "When you Comin' Back, Red Ryder?," premieres in NYC

1973 - New Orleans Saints 1st shutout victory, 13-0 vs Buffalo Bills

1973 - The Netherlands experiences the first Car Free Sunday caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are deserted and are solely used by cyclists and roller skaters.

1975 - Orioles Jim Palmer wins his 2nd Cy Young Award

1976 - 1st mass-market free-agent reentry draft, Reggie Jackson, Joe Rudi, Gullett, Tenace, Fingers, Baylor, Grich & McCovey, available

1977 - UN Security council proclaims weapon embargo against South Africa

1978 - Iranian troops fire on anti-Shah student protesters by Tehran U

1978 - Islanders start 15 game undefeated streak (12-0-3)

1978 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR

1978 - 3rd annual reentry free-agent draft, Pete Rose, Tommy John, & Darrell Evans, available

1979 - 63 Americans taken hostage at US Embassy (Teheran, Iran)

1979 - 500 Iranian "students" seize US embassy, take 90 hostages (444 days)

1980 - Islanders start 15 game undefeated streak (13-0-2)

1980 - Libyan invasion in Chad

US President & Actor Ronald Reagan 1980 - Ronald Reagan (R) defeats President Jimmy Carter (D) by a landslide

1980 - Sadaharu Oh, 40, pro baseball's all-time HR run king with 868, retires

1980 - Steve Carlton wins 3rd NL Cy Young Awards

1981 - Beth Henley's "Crimes of the Heart," premieres in NYC

1981 - Columbia shuttle launch scrubbed with 31 secs remaining

1981 - Dr George Nichopoulas is acquitted of overprescribing addictive drugs for Elvis Presley

1982 - Ruud Lubbers becomes Dutch premier

1983 - Bomb attack on Israeli headquarter in Tyrus Lebanon, 60 killed

1983 - Washington Capitals 1st NHL overtime victory beating Vancouver 5-4

1984 - Nayoko Yoshikawa wins LPGA Mazda Japan Golf Classic

1984 - Nicaragua holds 1st free elections in 56 years; Sandinistas win 63%

1987 - Benito Santiago, Padres catcher, wins NL Rookie of Year

1987 - Lisa Steinberg, battered into coma by her adoptive father Joel

1987 - NBA announces 4 new franchises; Charlotte & Miami for 1988 & Minneapolis & Orlando for 1989

1988 - 1st NBA game at Charlotte Coliseum - Hornets lose to Cavs, 133-93

1989 - 1st NBA game at Orlando Arena, Orlando Magic loses to NJ Nets, 111-106

1989 - Rene Muawad elected president of Lebanon

1989 - Horse Racing Breeders' Cup Champs: Bayakoa, Dancing Spree, Go for Wand, Prized, Rhythm, Steinlen, Sunday Silence

1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.

1990 - "Buddy - The Buddy Holly Story" opens at Shubert NYC for 225 perfs

1990 - 20th NYC Women's Marathon won by Wanda Panfil in 2:30:45

1990 - 21st NYC Marathon won by Douglas Wakiihuri in 2:12:39

1990 - Debbie Massey wins LPGA Mazda Japan 133 Golf Classic

1990 - Iraq says it is preparing for a "dangerous war"

1990 - US Secretary of State James Baker visits American troops in Saudi Arabia

1991 - Mid East peace conference ends in Madrid Spain

1992 - NY Giants announce they will quit WNEW Radio after 32 years for WOR

1992 - NY Jets announce they are moving from WABC to WFAN radio

1993 - "Timon of Athens" opens at Lyceum Theater NYC for 37 performances

Singer Elton John 1993 - Elton John awarded $518,700 from Sunday Mirror for a false report on his diet

1993 - Nia Peeples files for divorce from Howard Hewett

1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.

1994 - Soyuz TM-20 lands in Kazahkstan

1994 - United Center in Chicago opens - Bulls beat Charlotte Hornets, 89-83

1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focusses exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.

1995 - "Indiscretions" closes at Ethel Barrymore Theater NYC after 221 perfs

1995 - 1st-class Cricket debut of Paul Adams, W Province v N Transvaal

1995 - Key Arena opens, Seattle Supersonics beat LA Lakers 103-89

2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress

2003 - The most powerful solar flare as observed by satellite instrumentation is recorded.

2003 - Former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy becomes the first person indicted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. He was eventually acquitted.

2004 - 12 French soldiers, 3 UN personnel and hundreds of civilians die during the Côte d'Ivoire civil war.

2008 - Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be elected President of the United States

2012 - Bishop Tawadros appointed as the 118th Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church

44th US President Barack Obama 2012 - Kimi Raikkonen wins Formula 1 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 2012

2012 - Syrian rebels capture a major oil field in Deir ez-Zor Governorate

1842 - Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd in Springfield, IL.   1846 - The patent for the artificial leg is granted to Benjamin Palmer.   1880 - James and John Ritty patented the first cash register.   1922 - In Egypt, Howard Carter discovered the entry of the lost tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamen.   1924 - Nellie T. Ross of Wyoming was elected America's first woman governor so she could serve out the remaining term of her late husband, William B. Ross.   1939 - During World War II, the U.S. modified its neutrality stance with the Neutrality Act of 1939. The new policy allowed cash-and-carry purchases of arms by belligerents.   1939 - At the 40th National Automobile Show the first air-conditioned car was put on display.   1942 - During World War II, Axis forces retreated from El Alamein in North Africa. It was a major victory for the British.   1956 - Soviet forces enter Hungary in order to supress the uprising that had begun on October 23, 1956.   1965 - Lee Ann Roberts Breedlove became the first woman to exceed 300 mph when she went 308.5 mph.   1970 - Former King Peter II of Yugoslavia died in Denver, CO. He was the first European king or queen to die and to be buried in the U.S.   1979 - Iranian militants seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took 63 Americans hostage (90 total hostages). The militants, mostly students, demanded that the U.S. send the former shah back to Iran to stand trial. Many hostages were later released, but 52 were held for the next 14 months.   1981 - The second scheduled flight of the space shuttle Columbia was canceled with only 31 seconds left in the countdown.   1984 - Nicaragua held its first free elections in 56 years.   1985 - Soviet defector Vitaly Yurchenko announced he was returning to the Soviet Union. He had charged that he had been kidnapped by the CIA.   1989 - About a million East Germans filled the streets of East Berlin in a pro-democracy rally.   1990 - Iraq issued a statement saying it was prepared to fight a "dangerous war" rather than give up Kuwait.   1991 - Ronald Reagan opened his presidential library in Simi Valley, CA. The dedication ceremony was attended by President Bush and former U.S. presidents Jimmy Carter, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon. It was the 1st gathering of 5 U.S. chief executives.   1995 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, 73 years old, was assassinated by right-wing Israeli Yigal Amir after attending a peace rally.   1999 - Cristina Saralegui received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.   1999 - The United Nations imposed economic sanctions against the Taliban that controlled most of Afghanistan. The sanctions were imposed because the Taliban had refused to turn over Osama bin Laden, who had been charged with masterminding the 1998 bombings of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.   2001 - Hurrican Michelle hit Cuba destroying crops and thousands of homes. The United States made the gesture of sending humanitarian aid. On December 16, 2001, Cuba received the first commercial food shipment from the U.S. in nearly 40 years.   2010 - Microsoft's Kinect was launched worldwide.  

1842 Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd in Springfield, Ill.  1880 James and John Ritty of Dayton, Ohio, patented the first cash register.  1922 Howard Carter discovered the tomb of Tutankhamen in Egypt.  1924 Nellie T. Ross of Wyoming was elected the nation's first woman governor, to serve out the term of her husband who died in office.  1956 Russian troops attacked Budapest and crushed the Hungarian revolt under Premier Imre Nagy.  1979 The American embassy in Tehran, Iran, was seized by militants and 90 Americans were taken hostage.  1995 Israeli Prime Minister, and Nobel Laureate, Yitzhak Rabin, was assassinated by a right-wing Israeli.  2008 Democratic senator Barack Obama wins the presidential election against Sen. John McCain, taking 338 electoral votes to McCain's 161. Obama makes history as the first African American U.S. president.



The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:

http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php

http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/nov04.htm

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history

http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory