http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Oct 11, 2002: Jimmy Carter wins Nobel Prize
On this day in 2002, former President Jimmy Carter wins the Nobel Peace Prize "for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development."
Carter, a peanut farmer from Georgia, served one term as U.S. president between 1977 and 1981. One of his key achievements as president was mediating the peace talks between Israel and Egypt in 1978. The Nobel Committee had wanted to give Carter (1924- ) the prize that year for his efforts, along with Anwar Sadat and Menachim Begin, but was prevented from doing so by a technicality--he had not been nominated by the official deadline.
After he left office, Carter and his wife Rosalynn created the Atlanta-based Carter Center in 1982 to advance human rights and alleviate human suffering. Since 1984, they have worked with Habitat for Humanity to build homes and raise awareness of homelessness. Among his many accomplishments, Carter has helped to fight disease and improve economic growth in developing nations and has served as an observer at numerous political elections around the world.
The first Nobel Prizes--awards established by Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) in his will--were handed out in Sweden in 1901 in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. The Nobel Prize in economics was first awarded in 1969. Carter was the third U.S. president to receive the award, worth $1 million, following Theodore Roosevelt (1906) and Woodrow Wilson (1919).
Oct 11, 1986: Reagan and Gorbachev meet in Reykjavik
Following up on their successful November 1985 summit meeting in Geneva, President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavik, Iceland, to continue discussions about curbing their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe. Just when it appeared that agreement might be reached, the talks fell apart amid accusations and recriminations, and U.S.-Soviet relations took a giant step backwards.
The sticking point arose when Gorbachev requested that the talks concerning the missiles be expanded to include limitations on America's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Referred to as the "Star Wars" initiative by opponents, SDI was one of Reagan's pet projects. A multi-billion-dollar program, SDI was supposed to use space technology to provide a "shield" from nuclear attacks. Not surprisingly, Reagan refused to consider Gorbachev's suggestion, and the talks ended the next day, October 12, with no agreement in hand. Reagan charged the Soviet leader with bad faith in trying to expand the parameters of the talks; back in the Soviet Union, Gorbachev reported that Reagan seemed to be lying about his desire for serious negotiations concerning arms limitations. Talks on the missile issue did not resume until December 1987, when the two leaders met for a third summit in Washington, and Gorbachev dropped his insistence on including SDI in the negotiations.
Oct 11, 1899: Boer War begins in South Africa
The South African Boer War begins between the British Empire and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State.
The Boers, also known as Afrikaners, were the descendants of the original Dutch settlers of southern Africa. Britain took possession of the Dutch Cape colony in 1806 during the Napoleonic wars, sparking resistance from the independence-minded Boers, who resented the Anglicization of South Africa and Britain's anti-slavery policies. In 1833, the Boers began an exodus into African tribal territory, where they founded the republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. The two new republics lived peaceably with their British neighbors until 1867, when the discovery of diamonds and gold in the region made conflict between the Boer states and Britain inevitable.
Minor fighting with Britain began in the 1890s, and in October 1899 full-scale war ensued. By mid June 1900, British forces had captured most major Boer cities and formally annexed their territories, but the Boers launched a guerrilla war that frustrated the British occupiers. Beginning in 1901, the British began a strategy of systematically searching out and destroying these guerrilla units, while herding the families of the Boer soldiers into concentration camps. By 1902, the British had crushed the Boer resistance, and on May 31 of that year the Peace of Vereeniging was signed, ending hostilities.
The treaty recognized the British military administration over Transvaal and the Orange Free State and authorized a general amnesty for Boer forces. In 1910, the autonomous Union of South Africa was established by the British. It included Transvaal, the Orange Free State, the Cape of Good Hope, and Natal as provinces.
Oct 11, 1975: Bruce Springsteen scores his first pop hit with "Born to Run"
By 1975, 26-year-old Bruce Springsteen had two heavily promoted major-label albums behind him, but nothing approaching a popular hit. Tapped by Columbia Records as the Next Big Thing back in 1973, he'd been marketed first as the "New Dylan" and then as America's new "Street Poet," but unless you were a rock-journalism junkie or had been witness to one of his raucous three-hour live shows in an East Coast rock club, you'd probably never bought one of his records or even heard his name. That would all change soon, however, for the poet laureate of the Jersey Shore. On this day in 1975, the epic single "Born to Run" became Bruce Springsteen's first-ever Top 40 hit, marking the start of his eventual transition from little-known cult figure to international superstar.
Born in 1949, in Long Branch, New Jersey, Bruce Springsteen grew up during the golden age of American rock and roll, and it was his devotion to the music of that era that marked him as a breath of fresh air during his rise to fame in the early 1970s. Writing for Rolling Stone magazine in 1973, the legendary rock critic Lester Bangs said of Springsteen, "He sort of catarrh-mumbles his ditties in a disgruntled mushmouth sorta like Robbie Robertson on Quaaludes with Dylan barfing down the back of his neck." That was in a positive review of Springsteen's debut album, Greetings From Asbury Park—the first of many positive reviews to come during the legend-building phase of his career. In 1974, a Rolling Stone editor named Jon Landau, writing in Boston's Real Paper bestowed this now-famous praise upon the Boss: "I saw rock and roll's future and its name is Bruce Springsteen." One year later, Landau would co-produce Springsteen's third album and eventually take over management of his career.
That third album was to be Springsteen's breakthrough and an American classic, Born to Run, which another giant of rock criticism, Greil Marcus, likened to "a '57 Chevy running on melted down Crystals records." While "Thunder Road" and "Backstreets" from the same album may be as beloved among devoted fans as the title track, it was the Phil Spector-inspired "Born to Run" that was the first exposure most Americans got to Bruce Springsteen. Its ascent into the Top 40 on this day in 1975 was followed less than two weeks later by simultaneous cover articles for Springsteen in Time and Newsweek magazines.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
732 - Battle at Tours: France under Karel Martel beat Moors
1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria.
1521 - Pope Leo X titles King Henry VIII of England
"Defender of the Faith"
1531 - Battle at Kappel: Swiss Roman Catholic kantons beat
protestant forces of Zurich
1531 - Huldrych Zwingli Swiss reformation leader is killed
at the Battle at Kappel
1540 - Emperor Karel names his son Philip, Duke of Milan
1573 - Battle of South Seas - Dutch rebels beat Spanish navy
1614 - Adriaen Block and 12 Amsterdam merchants petition the
States General for exclusive trading rights in the New Netherland colony.
1634 - the Burchardi flood — "the second Grote
Mandrenke" killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.
1643 - Battle at Wincebt: English New Model-army beats
royalists
1674 - Pierre Corneille's "Surena," premieres in
Paris
1687 - Hungary accepts Habsburgse sovereignty
1689 - Peter the Great becomes tsar of Russia
1698 - France, England & Netherlands signs 1st
Extermination treaty
1726 - Benjamin Franklin returns to Philadelphia from
England
1737 - Earthquake kills 300,000 and destroys half of
Calcutta India
1746 - Battle at Rocourt: French drive out
English/Austria/Neth armies
1776 - Brig Gen Arnold's Lake Champlain fleet defeated by
British
1797 - Battle of Camperdown (Kamperduin): English navy
defeats Dutch fleet
Soldier/Public Administrator Meriwether LewisSoldier/Public
Administrator Meriwether Lewis 1809 - Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee,
explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called
Grinder's Stand.
1811 - The Juliana, 1st steam-powered ferryboat, begins
operation
1852 - The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest
university, is inaugurated in Sydney.
1861 - Battle of Dumfries, VA (Quantico Creek)
1863 - Skirmish at Rheatown/Henderson's Mill, Tennessee
1864 - Slavery abolished in Maryland
1864 - Campina Grande, Brazil was established as a city.
1865 - Pres Johnson paroles Confederate States VP Alexander
H. Stephens
1865 - Paul Bogle led hundreds of black men and women in a
march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.
1868 - Thomas Edison patents his 1st invention: electric
voice machine
1871 - Great Chicago Fire is finally extinguished after 3
days, 300 killed
1873 - Toronto Argonaut Football Club 1st game losing to U
of Toronto
1881 - David Houston patents roll film for cameras
1887 - A Miles patents elevator
1890 - 1st 100 yard dash under 10 seconds (John Owens 9-4/5
secs, Wash DC)
Inventor Thomas EdisonInventor Thomas Edison 1890 -
Daughters of American Revolution founded
1895 - Emperor Menelik II of Addis Ababa draws against
Italians
1899 - South African Boers declare war on Great Britain
1902 - 8th US Golf Open: Laurie Auchterlonie shoots a 307 at
Garden City NY
1902 - Commencement of 1st Test Cricket between South Africa
& Australia
1902 - Lawrence Auchterlonie wins US Open golf tournament
1906 - SF begins school for "Asians"
1906 - White Sox Ed Walsh strikes out then record 12 in a
World Series game
1906 - San Francisco public school board sparks United
States diplomatic crisis with Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught
in racially segregated schools.
1911 - Ty Cobb (AL) & Frank Schulte (NL) are 1st MVPs,
each gets an auto
1913 - Phila A's beat NY Giants, 4 games to 1 in 10th World
Series
1914 - German troops occupy Gent
1915 - Bulgarian anti Serbian offensive begins
1918 - Major Tsumani shakes Caribbean
1919 - 1st transcontinental air race ends
1922 - 1st woman FBI "special investigator"
appointed (Alaska Davidson)
1922 - Turkey & Greece sign cease fire
Baseball Great Babe RuthBaseball Great Babe Ruth 1923 - Babe
Ruth hits 2 HRs in a World Series game
1923 - German mark falls to 10 billion per £, 4 billion per
$
1925 - Belgian episcopelian sspeaks against Flemish activism
1925 - NY Giants play 1st NFL game, lose to Providence 14-0
1927 - Lou Gehrig named AL MVP (Babe Ruth (former winner)
not eligible)
1929 - Sean O'Casey's "Silver Tassle," premieres
in London
1929 - JC Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware,
making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 U.S. states.
1930 - Collingwood Football Club in Melbourne, Australia,
won the VFL premiership for the fourth consecutive year.
1931 - 100,000 extreme-right Germans form "Harzburger
Front"
1932 - 1st political telecast (Democratic National
Committee) at CBS, NYC
1932 - Stalin forces Zinoviev & Kamenev out of Communist
Party
1936 - "Professor Quiz," 1st radio quiz show
premieres
1939 - Albert Einstein informs FDR of possibilities of
atomic bomb
1939 - Bucky Harris signs to manage Washington again
1939 - Gertrude Lawrence's "Skylark," premieres in
NYC
Theoretical Physicist Albert EinsteinTheoretical Physicist
Albert Einstein 1939 - NAACP organized Legal Defense & Education Fund
1941 - 1st NSB-battalion departures to Eastern front
1942 - -Oct 12] Sea battle at Cape Esperance Guadalcanal
1943 - NY Yankees beat Cards 4 games to 1, in 40th World
Series, to become 1st team to win 10 World Series
1944 - Allies bomb sea wall at Veere
1944 - Tuvinian People's Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva was
annexed by the U.S.S.R
1945 - Chinese civil war begins, Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao
Tse-Tung
1945 - JPL WAC Corporal Launch (1st Man-Made Object to
escape Atmosphere)
1947 - Brazil & Chile break diplomatic relations with
USSR
1948 - "Love Life" opens at 46th St Theater NYC
for 252 performances
1948 - "Where's Chartev?" opens at St James
Theater NYC for 792 performances
1948 - Cleve Indians beat Boston Braves, 4 games to 2 in
45th World Series
1950 - The U.S. Federal Communications Commission issues the
first license to broadcast television in color, to CBS
1954 - "On Your Toes" opens at 46th St Theater NYC
for 64 performances
1954 - Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Ad caeli Reginam
Chinese Communist Revolutionary and Politician Mao
Tse-TungChinese Communist Revolutionary and Politician Mao Tse-Tung 1955 - All
Peron feast days disposed of in Argentina
1955 - Persia signs Pact of Baghdad
1956 - 1st Pakistan v Australia Test 95 runs scored on 1st
day
1956 - Great Britain performs nuclear test at Maralinga
Australia
1956 - AL Pres Will Harridge bars Wash Senators move to West
Coast, unless unanimously approved by the other AL owners
1958 - "Goldilocks" opens at Lunt Fontanne Theater
NYC for 161 performances
1958 - 2nd US Moon probe, Pioneer 1, reaches 113,810 km,
falls back
1959 - KTHI TV channel 11 in Fargo-Grand Forks, ND (NBC)
begins broadcasting
1960 - Hurricane ravages East-Pakistan (6,000 die)
1960 - Radio-TV exec John Fetzer buys a controlling interest
of Det Tigers
1961 - USAF Major Robert M White takes X-15 to 66,100m
1961 - USSR performs nuclear test
1962 - 1st appearance of a Gabor sister on Merv Griffin Show
1962 - 2nd Vatican Council (21st ecumenical) convened by
Pope John XXIII
1964 - Ruth Jessen wins LPGA Hillside House Ladies' Golf
Open
262nd Pope John XXIII262nd Pope John XXIII 1967 - World
Series record 3 consecutive HRs (Carl Yastremski, Reggie Smith, & Rico
Petrocelli) by Red Sox
1967 - Yoko Plus Me art exhibit opens in London (the me is
John Lennon)
1968 - Apollo 7 (Schirra, Eisele & Cunningham) made 163
orbits in 260 hours
1968 - Billy Martin named manager of Twins
1968 - Panama revolts
1969 - -28] Rome: 2nd bishop synod
1969 - Blues artist Muddy Waters involved in a car crash
that kills 3
1969 - Soyuz 6 launched; Soyuz 7 & 8 follow in next 2
days
1971 - 60th Davis Cup: USA beats Romania in Charlotte (3-2)
1971 - Brooks Robinson ties Series record, reaches base 5
straight times
1971 - Frank McGee becomes news anchor of Today Show
1971 - Switzerland recognizes North Vietnam
1972 - Panama adopts constitution
1972 - Prison uprising at Washington DC jail
1972 - Reads beat Pirates in NLCS
1973 - Oakland beats Baltimore 3 games to 2 to win AL
pennant
1974 - A's Catfish Hunter charge owner Charlie Finley with
breach of contract
1975 - "Saturday Night Live" premieres with guest
host George Carlin
1975 - Islander's Bryan Trottier's 1st career hat trick
1975 - Saturday Night Live premieres with George Carlin as
host
1976 - 10th Country Music Association Award: Mel Tillis wins
1976 - Mao Tse-Tung's widow Jiang Qing & "Gang of
Four," arrested & charged with plotting a coup
1977 - Soyuz 25 returns to Earth
1978 - Aristides Royo elected president of Panama
1978 - Belgium government of Tindemans resigns
1978 - Dodgers Bob Welch dramatically strikes out Reggie
Jackson in 9th
1979 - "Most Happy Fella" opens at Majestic
Theater NYC for 53 performances
1979 - German DR frees dissidents Rudolf Bahro & Nico
Hubner
1979 - Allan McLeod Cormack & Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield
win Nobel Prize for medicine for developing CAT scan
1980 - Cosmonauts Popov & Ryumin set space endurance
record of 184 days
1980 - Dallas Mavericks 1st game at Reunion Arena beat San
Antonio 103-92
1980 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1981 - Expos beat Phillies, 3 games to 2, in NLCS
1981 - Hollis Stacy wins LPGA Inamori Golf Classic
1981 - LeRoy Irvin sets yards gained on punt returns record
(207 yds)
1981 - Unknown rocker Prince opens for Rolling Stones at LA
Coliseum
1981 - Yanks beat Brewers 7-3 & win only Eastern
Championship Series
Country Singer Willie NelsonCountry Singer Willie Nelson
1982 - 16th Country Music Association Award: Willie Nelson & Ricky Skagg
1982 - English ship Mary Rose, which sank during an
engagement with France in 1545, raised at Portsmouth, England
1982 - Riot in Amsterdam as tram catches fire
1983 - Last hand-cranked telephones US went out of service
as 440 telephone customers in Bryant Pond, Maine, were switched over to
direct-dial
1984 - 1st space walk by US woman (Dr Kathryn D Sullivan)
1984 - August Wilson's "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom,"
premieres in NYC
1984 - NASA launches space vehicle S-208
1984 - VP candidate debate-Graldine Ferraro (D) & George
H W Bush (R)
1985 - Atlantis returns to Kennedy Space Center via Kelly
AFB
1985 - President Reagan bans importation of South African
Krugerrands
1985 - US intercepts Egyptian Boeing with Achille Lauro
terrorists
1986 - Reagan & Gorbachev open talks at a summit in
Reykjavik, Iceland
1987 - 200,000 gays march for civil rights in Washington
1990 - "Miser" opens at Circle in Sq Theater NYC
for 93 performances
1990 - Center for Urban archaeology opens in NYC South
Street Seaport Museum
US President & Actor Ronald ReaganUS President &
Actor Ronald Reagan 1990 - Octavio Paz wins Nobel Prize for literature
1990 - Oil hits a record $40.42 per barrel
1991 - Anita Hill testifies Clarence Thomas sexually
harrased her
1991 - Chip Beck ties PGA lowest 18 hole score of 59
1991 - Televangelist Jimmy Swaggart seen soliciting a
prostitute
1992 - 1st 3-way US presidential debate (Bush-Clinton-Perot)
1992 - Deion Sanders, plays for Atlanta Falcons (NFL) &
Braves (Baseball)
1992 - Toronto down 6-1 in 7th beats A's 7-6 in 11th in AL
playoff
1993 - Norwegian Rushdie publisher William Nygaard injured
in attack
1993 - US warship Harlan County anchors off Port-au-Prince
Haiti
1994 - Russian ruble decreases to 3,926 rubles per dollar
1994 - Space shuttle STS-68 (Endeavour 7), lands
1995 - John Bobbitt has plastic surgery to increase his
penis 3 inches
1995 - O J Simpson cancels a TV appearance on Dateline
1996 - Ford buys rights to named Detroit domed stadium for
$40 million
Basketball Player Dennis RodmanBasketball Player Dennis
Rodman 1997 - Dennis Rodman returns from 2nd longest NBA suspension (11 games)
1998 - A Congo Airlines Boeing 727 is shot down by rebels in
Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 40 people.
2000 - The 100th Space Shuttle mission (STS-92) is flown.
2001 - The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy
protection.
2002 - A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Vantaa, Finland
kills seven.
2012 - A further 83 people are killed throughout Syria by
the Syrian army
2012 - A US appeal court overturns a district court ruling
banning the sale of Samsung
2012 - Mo Yan, a hallucinatory realist writer, wins the 2012
Nobel Prize for Literature
1776 - During the American Revolution the first naval battle of Lake Champlain was fought. The forces under Gen. Benedict Arnold suffered heavy losses. 1811 - The Juliana, the first steam-powered ferryboat, was put into operation by the inventor John Stevens. The ferry went between New York City, NY, and Hoboken, NJ. 1869 - Thomas Edison filed for a patent on his first invention. The electric machine was used for counting votes for the U.S. Congress, however the Congress did not buy it. 1881 - David Henderson Houston patented the first roll film for cameras. 1890 - The Daughters of the American Revolution was founded in Washington, DC. 1899 - The Boer War began in South Africa between the British and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State. 1929 - JCPenney opened a store in Milford, DE, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 states. 1932 - In New York, the first telecast of a political campaign was aired. 1936 - The radio show, "Professor Quiz", aired for the first time. 1939 - U.S. President Roosevelt was presented with a letter from Albert Einstein that urged him to develop the U.S. atomic program rapidly. 1942 - The Battle of Cape Esperance, during World War II, began in the Solomons. 1958 - Pioneer 1, a lunar probe, was launched by the U.S. The probe did not reach its destination and fell back to Earth and burned up in the atmosphere. 1968 - Apollo 7 was launched by the U.S. The first manned Apollo mission was the first in which live television broadcasts were received from orbit. Wally Schirra, Don Fulton Eisele and R. Walter Cunningham were the astronauts aboard. 1971 - Hugh Downs left the "Today" show and "Concentration". He later became the host of ABC's "20/20". 1975 - "Saturday Night Live" was broadcast for the first time. George Carlin was the guest host. 1975 - Bill Clinton and Hillary Rodham were married in Fayetteville, AR. 1983 - The last hand-cranked telephones in the U.S. went out of service. The 440 telephone customers of Bryant Pond, ME, were switched to direct-dial service. 1984 - Construction began on the Kamric/Cinergy Futursonics Studio in Houston, TX. 1984 - American Kathryn D. Sullivan became the first female astronaut to space walk. She was aboard the space shuttle Challenger. 1984 - Mario Lemieux (Pittsburgh Penguins) made his debut in the National Hockey League (NHL) against the Boston Bruins. He scored a goal on his first shot on his first NHL shift. 1994 - U.S. troops in Haiti took control of the National Palace. 1994 - Iraqi troops began moving away from the Kuwaiti border. 1994 - The Colorado Supreme Court declared that the anti-gay rights measure in the state was unconstitutional.
1779 Polish patriot and American Revolutionary War commander Casimir Pulaski was killed in the battle of Savannah. 1899 The Boer War began in South Africa. 1915 English nurse Edith Cavell was executed by the Germans. 1939 A letter from Albert Einstein was delivered to President Franklin D. Roosevelt concerning the possibility of atomic weapons. 1962 The first session of Vatican II was convened by Pope John XXIII. 1968 The first staffed Apollo mission, Apollo 7, was launched with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn Fulton Eisele, and R. Walter Cunningham aboard. 1984 Space shuttle Challenger astronaut, Kathryn Sullivan, became the first American woman to walk in space.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct11.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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