http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Oct 22, 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis
In a televised speech of extraordinary gravity, President John F. Kennedy announces that U.S. spy planes have discovered Soviet missile bases in Cuba. These missile sites—under construction but nearing completion—housed medium-range missiles capable of striking a number of major cities in the United States, including Washington, D.C. Kennedy announced that he was ordering a naval "quarantine" of Cuba to prevent Soviet ships from transporting any more offensive weapons to the island and explained that the United States would not tolerate the existence of the missile sites currently in place. The president made it clear that America would not stop short of military action to end what he called a "clandestine, reckless, and provocative threat to world peace."
What is known as the Cuban Missile Crisis actually began on October 15, 1962—the day that U.S. intelligence personnel analyzing U-2 spy plane data discovered that the Soviets were building medium-range missile sites in Cuba. The next day, President Kennedy secretly convened an emergency meeting of his senior military, political, and diplomatic advisers to discuss the ominous development. The group became known as ExCom, short for Executive Committee. After rejecting a surgical air strike against the missile sites, ExCom decided on a naval quarantine and a demand that the bases be dismantled and missiles removed. On the night of October 22, Kennedy went on national television to announce his decision. During the next six days, the crisis escalated to a breaking point as the world tottered on the brink of nuclear war between the two superpowers.
On October 23, the quarantine of Cuba began, but Kennedy decided to give Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev more time to consider the U.S. action by pulling the quarantine line back 500 miles. By October 24, Soviet ships en route to Cuba capable of carrying military cargoes appeared to have slowed down, altered, or reversed their course as they approached the quarantine, with the exception of one ship—the tanker Bucharest. At the request of more than 40 nonaligned nations, U.N. Secretary-General U Thant sent private appeals to Kennedy and Khrushchev, urging that their governments "refrain from any action that may aggravate the situation and bring with it the risk of war." At the direction of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S. military forces went to DEFCON 2, the highest military alert ever reached in the postwar era, as military commanders prepared for full-scale war with the Soviet Union.
On October 25, the aircraft carrier USS Essex and the destroyer USS Gearing attempted to intercept the Soviet tanker Bucharest as it crossed over the U.S. quarantine of Cuba. The Soviet ship failed to cooperate, but the U.S. Navy restrained itself from forcibly seizing the ship, deeming it unlikely that the tanker was carrying offensive weapons. On October 26, Kennedy learned that work on the missile bases was proceeding without interruption, and ExCom considered authorizing a U.S. invasion of Cuba. The same day, the Soviets transmitted a proposal for ending the crisis: The missile bases would be removed in exchange for a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba.
The next day, however, Khrushchev upped the ante by publicly calling for the dismantling of U.S. missile bases in Turkey under pressure from Soviet military commanders. While Kennedy and his crisis advisers debated this dangerous turn in negotiations, a U-2 spy plane was shot down over Cuba, and its pilot, Major Rudolf Anderson, was killed. To the dismay of the Pentagon, Kennedy forbid a military retaliation unless any more surveillance planes were fired upon over Cuba. To defuse the worsening crisis, Kennedy and his advisers agreed to dismantle the U.S. missile sites in Turkey but at a later date, in order to prevent the protest of Turkey, a key NATO member.
On October 28, Khrushchev announced his government's intent to dismantle and remove all offensive Soviet weapons in Cuba. With the airing of the public message on Radio Moscow, the USSR confirmed its willingness to proceed with the solution secretly proposed by the Americans the day before. In the afternoon, Soviet technicians began dismantling the missile sites, and the world stepped back from the brink of nuclear war. The Cuban Missile Crisis was effectively over. In November, Kennedy called off the blockade, and by the end of the year all the offensive missiles had left Cuba. Soon after, the United States quietly removed its missiles from Turkey.
The Cuban Missile Crisis seemed at the time a clear victory for the United States, but Cuba emerged from the episode with a much greater sense of security. A succession of U.S. administrations have honored Kennedy's pledge not to invade Cuba, and the communist island nation situated just 80 miles from Florida remains a thorn in the side of U.S. foreign policy. The removal of antiquated Jupiter missiles from Turkey had no detrimental effect on U.S. nuclear strategy, but the Cuban Missile Crisis convinced a humiliated USSR to commence a massive nuclear buildup. In the 1970s, the Soviet Union reached nuclear parity with the United States and built intercontinental ballistic missiles capable of striking any city in the United States.
Oct 22, 1914: Germans capture Langemarck during First Battle of Ypres
On this day in 1914, in a bitter two-day stretch of hand-to-hand fighting, German forces capture the Flemish town of Langemarck from its Belgian and British defenders during the First Battle of Ypres.
The trench lines built in the fall of 1914 between the town of Ypres, on the British side, and Menin and Roulers, on the German side—known as the Ypres salient—became the site of some of the fiercest battles of World War I, beginning in October 1914 with the so-called First Battle of Ypres. The battle, launched on October 19, was a vigorous attempt by the Germans to drive the British out of the salient altogether, thus clearing the way for the German army to access the all-important Belgian coastline with its access to the English Channel and, beyond, to the North Sea.
The German forces advancing against Ypres had a numerical advantage over the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), as General Erich von Falkenhayn was able to send the entire German 4th and 6th Armies against the BEF’s seven infantry divisions (one was held in reserve) and three cavalry divisions. For reinforcements, Sir John French, commander of the BEF, had only a few divisions of Indian troops already en route to Flanders; in the days to come, however, these replacement troops would distinguish themselves with excellent performances in both offensive and defensive operations.
After the initial rapid movement of the German offensive, the Battle of Ypres became a messy, desperate struggle for land and position, leaving the countryside and villages around it in a state of bloody devastation. A German artilleryman, Herbert Sulzbach, wrote on October 21 of his experience in the battle: "We pull forward, get our first glimpse of this battlefield, and have to get used to the terrible scenes and impressions: corpses, corpses and more corpses, rubble, and the remains of villages." After the German capture of Langemarck on October 22, fighting at Ypres continued for one more month, before the arrival of winter weather brought the battle to a halt. The Ypres salient, however, would see much more of the same bitter conflict before the war was over, including a major battle in the spring of 1915—also a German offensive—and an attempted Allied breakthrough in the summer of 1917.
Oct 22, 1957: American forces suffer first casualties in Vietnam
U.S. military personnel suffer their first casualties in the war when 13 Americans are wounded in three terrorist bombings of Military Assistance Advisory Group and U.S. Information Service installations in Saigon. The rising tide of guerrilla activity in South Vietnam reached an estimated 30 terrorist incidents by the end of the year and at least 75 local officials were assassinated or kidnapped in the last quarter of 1957.
Oct 22, 1964: Sartre wins and declines Nobel Prize
On this day in 1964, Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize for literature, which he declines.
In his novels, essays, and plays, Sartre advanced the philosophy of existentialism, arguing that each individual must create meaning for his or her own life, because life itself had no innate meaning.
Sartre studied at the elite École Normale Supérieure between 1924 and 1929. He met Simone de Beauvoir, who became his lifelong companion, during this time. The pair spent countless hours in cafés, talking, writing, and drinking coffee. Sartre became a philosophy professor and taught in Le Havre, Laon, and Paris. In 1938, his first novel, Nausea, was published-the narrative took the form of a diary of a cafÉ-haunting intellectual. In 1939, he was drafted into World War II, taken prisoner, and held for about a year; he later fought with the French Resistance.
In 1943, he published one of his key works, Being and Nothingness, where he argued that man is condemned to freedom and has a social responsibility. Sartre and Beauvoir engaged in social movements, supporting communism and the radical student uprisings in Paris in 1968.
Also in 1943, he wrote one of his best-known plays, The Flies, followed by Huis Clos (No Exit) in 1945. In 1945, he began a four-volume novel called The Roads to Freedom but gave up the novel form after finishing the third volume in 1949. In 1946, he continued to develop his philosophy in Existentialism and Humanism.
In the 1950s and 60s, he devoted himself to studies of literary figures like Baudelaire, Jean Genet, and Flaubert. The Family Idiot, his work on Flaubert, was massive, but only three of four volumes were published. Sartre's health and vision declined in his later years, and he died in 1980.
Oct 22, 2012: Cyclist Lance Armstrong is stripped of his seven Tour de France titles
On this day in 2012, Lance Armstrong is formally stripped of the seven Tour de France titles he won from 1999 to 2005 and banned for life from competitive cycling after being charged with systematically using illicit performance-enhancing drugs and blood transfusions as well as demanding that some of his Tour teammates dope in order to help him win races. It was a dramatic fall from grace for the onetime global cycling icon, who inspired millions of people after surviving cancer then going on to become one of the most dominant riders in the history of the grueling French race, which attracts the planet's top cyclists.
Born in Texas in 1971, Armstrong became a professional cyclist in 1992 and by 1996 was the number-one ranked rider in the world. However, in October 1996 he was diagnosed with Stage 3 testicular cancer, which had spread to his lungs, brain and abdomen. After undergoing surgery and chemotherapy, Armstrong resumed training in early 1997 and in October of that year joined the U.S. Postal Service cycling team. Also in 1997, he established a cancer awareness foundation. The organization would famously raise millions of dollars through a sales campaign, launched in 2004, of yellow Livestrong wristbands.
In July 1999, to the amazement of the cycling world and less than three years after his cancer diagnosis, Armstrong won his first Tour de France. He was only the second American ever to triumph in the legendary, three-week race, established in 1903. (The first American to do so was Greg LeMond, who won in 1986, 1989 and 1990.) Armstrong went on to win the Tour again in 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003. In 2004, he became the first person ever to claim six Tour titles, and on July 24, 2005, Armstrong won his seventh straight title and retired from pro cycling. He made a comeback to the sport in 2009, finishing third in that year's Tour and 23rd in the 2010 Tour, before retiring for good in 2011 at age 39.
Throughout his career, Armstrong, like many other top cyclists of his era, was dogged by accusations of performance-boosting drug use, but he repeatedly and vigorously denied all allegations against him and claimed to have passed hundreds of drug tests. In June 2012, the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), following a two-year investigation, charged the cycling superstar with engaging in doping violations from at least August 1998, and with participating in a conspiracy to cover up his misconduct. After losing a federal appeal to have the USADA charges against him dropped, Armstrong announced on August 23 that he would stop fighting them. However, calling the USADA probe an "unconstitutional witch hunt," he continued to insist he hadn't done anything wrong and said the reason for his decision to no longer challenge the allegations was the toll the investigation had taken on him, his family and his cancer foundation. The next day, USADA announced Armstrong had been banned for life from competitive cycling and disqualified of all competitive results from August 1, 1998, through the present.
On October 10, 2012, USADA released hundreds of pages of evidence—including sworn testimony from 11 of Armstrong's former teammates, as well as emails, financial documents and lab test results—that the anti-doping agency said demonstrated Armstrong and the U.S. Postal Service team had been involved in the most sophisticated and successful doping program in the history of cycling. A week after the USADA report was made public, Armstrong stepped down as chairman of his cancer foundation and was dumped by a number of his sponsors, including Nike, Trek and Anheuser-Busch.
On October 22, Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the cycling's world governing body, announced that it accepted the findings of the USADA investigation and officially was erasing Armstrong's name from the Tour de France record books and upholding his lifetime ban from the sport. In a press conference that day, the UCI president stated: "Lance Armstrong has no place in cycling, and he deserves to be forgotten in cycling."
After years of denials, Armstrong finally admitted publicly, in a televised interview with Oprah Winfrey that aired on January 17, 2013, he had doped for much of his cycling career, beginning in the mid-1990s through his final Tour de France victory in 2005. He admitted to using a performance-enhancing drug regimen that included testosterone, human growth hormone, the blood booster EPO and cortisone.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
362 - The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is
destroyed in a mysterious fire.
794 - Emperor Kanmu relocates Japanese capital to Heiankyo
(now Kyoto).
1335 - Ex-emperor Hanazono became a Zen priest
1383 - The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil
war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the
Portuguese throne.
1575 - Foundation of Aguascalientes.
1633 - Ming dynasty fight with Dutch East India Company that
Battle of southern Fujian sea (1633), Ming dynasty won great victory.
1708 - Great Alliance occupies Rijsel
1721 - Czar Peter the Great becomes "All-Russian
Imperator"
1746 - Princeton University (NJ) received its charter
1797 - Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes 1st parachute descent
from a balloon (Paris)
1799 - Russia leaves second anti-French Coalition
1812 - Duke of Wellington seizes Burgos Spain
1819 - 1st ship sails by Erie-channel (Rome-Utica)
1836 - Sam Houston inaugurated as 1st elected pres of
Republic of Texas
1844 - Millerite Adventists wait for appearance of Jesus
1861 - 1st telegraph line linking West & East coasts
completed
1862 - Battle at Old Fort Wayne, Indian Territory
1862 - Confederate troops reconquer Cumperland Gap,
Tennessee
1866 - Paraguay: Battle of Curupaytí against Brazil,
Argentina and Uruguay.
Russian Tsar Peter the GreatRussian Tsar Peter the Great
1867 - Foundation of the National University of Colombia.
1868 - Jacques Offenbach's opera "Genevieve de
Brabant," premieres in NYC
1875 - Sons of American Revolution organizes
1875 - First telegraphic connection in Argentina.
1877 - The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207
miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were
evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House.
1878 - The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in
Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.
1881 - Boston Symphony Orchestra gives its 1st concert
1883 - 1st NY Horse Show held (Madison Sq Garden)
1883 - Original Metropolitan Opera House (NYC) grand opening
(Faust)
1884 - General Gordon receives letter of Mahdi
1884 - Sporting Life announces that both pennant winners
will meet in 3 game series Oct 23-25 at Polo Grounds NYC to determine baseball
champion
1885 - John Ward & several teammates secretly form
Brotherhood of Prof Base Ball Players, 1st baseball union
1895 - David Belasco's "Heart of Maryland,"
premieres in NYC
1895 - In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop and
crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at
Gare Montparnasse.
1897 - World's 1st car dealer opens in London
1899 - British troops flee Dundee, Natal South Africa
1904 - Russian fleet shoots at British fishing ship
1906 - 3000 blacks demonstrate & riot in Phila
1907 - Ringling Brothers Greatest Show on Earth buys Barnum
& Bailey circus
1907 - Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company
stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.
1910 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of
poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.
1913 - Explosion at Dawson NM coal mine kills 263 mine
workers
1922 - Lucerne Street in Bronx named
1922 - Parsifal Place laid out in Bronx, named for knight in
Wagner's Opera
1924 - Toastmasters International is founded.
Magician & Escape Artist Harry HoudiniMagician & Escape
Artist Harry Houdini 1926 - J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry
Houdini in the stomach in Montreal.
1928 - China expels all Russian instructors & civil
servants
1928 - ESL Robinson's "Far-Off Hills," premieres
in Dublin
1928 - Pres Hoover speaks of "American system of rugged
individualism"
1928 - Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity is founded at the
University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus.
1929 - French government of Briand falls
1929 - James H Scullin forms Australia government
1930 - 1st concerto of BBC Symphony Orchestra, under Adrian
Boult
1930 - Blake & Razaf's "Lew Leslie's Blackbirds of
1930," premieres in NYC
1930 - SC Genemuiden soccer team forms
1932 - Charles de Broqueville becomes premier of Belgium
1932 - George Kaufman & Edna Ferbers "Dinner at
8," premieres in NYC
1933 - Primo Carnera beats Paulin in 15 for heavyweight
boxing title
1934 - In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty
Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents.
1935 - 18th PGA Championship: Johnny Revolta at Twin Hills
CC Oklahoma City
1935 - Establishment of the rank of Marshal of the Soviet
Union.
1936 - 1st commercial flight from mainland to Hawaii
1938 - Chester Carlson demonstrates 1st Xerox copying
machine
1939 - 1st TV NFL game-Eagles vs Dodgers
1941 - Maxwell Anderson's "Candle in the Wind,"
premieres in NYC
1942 - 1st ships of invasion fleet for Oran (Algeria) leave
Scotland
1942 - US gens Clark & Lemnitzer & French gen Mast
meet secretly in Algeria
1944 - Kurita's vice-admiral fleet leaves North-Borneo
1946 - 2 British ships sink near Albania
1948 - Egyptian flagship King Farouk sunk by Israel
1949 - 200 killed in train derailment near Nowy Dwor Poland
1949 - Emile Zatopek runs world record 10,000m (29:21.2)
1950 - LA Rams beat Baltimore Colts 70-27
1951 - Earthquake hits Formosa, 100 killed
1951 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1953 - Laos gains full independence from France
1954 - West Germany joins North Atlantic Treaty Organization
1955 - WWNY TV channel 7 in Carthage-Watertown, NY (CBS)
begins broadcasting
1956 - France intercept Moroccan plane, arrest Ben Bella
1956 - Great Britain performs nuclear test at Maralinga
Australia
1956 - A concrete girder weighing 200 tons kills 48 in
Karachi, Pakistan.
1957 - Conrad Adenauer re-elected chancellor of West-Germany
1957 - KJAC TV channel 4 in Port Arthur-Beaumont, TX (NBC)
1st broadcast
1959 - "Take Me Along" opens at Shubert Theater
NYC for 448 performances
1959 - Bob Merrill's musical "Take me Along,"
premieres in NYC
1961 - 75,000 Flemings demand equal rights & Flemish
language in Belgium
1961 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA San Antonio Golf Civitan
US President John F. KennedyUS President John F. Kennedy
1962 - JFK addresses TV about Russian missile bases in Cuba
1962 - JFK imposes naval blockade on Cuba, beginning missile
crisis
1962 - JFK receives Ugandan premier Milton Obote
1962 - Pacific Science Center opens at Seattle Center
1962 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern
Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1963 - 225,000 students boycot Chicago schools in Freedom
Day protest
1963 - BAC One-Eleven prototype airliner crashes on October
22 in UK with the loss of all on board.
1964 - EMI rejects audition by "High Numbers," they
go on to become The Who
1964 - French philosopher/author Jean-Paul Sartre refuses
Nobel prize
1964 - US performs underground nuclear test at Hattiesburg
Miss
1966 - USSR launches Luna 12 for orbit around Moon
1967 - 17th Ryder Cup: US wins 23½-8½ at Champions Golf Club
(Houston, Texas, US)
1967 - Ian Brayshaw (W Aus v Vic, Perth) takes all 10
cricket wkts
1967 - Joe DiMaggio is hired as executive VP of A's by
Charlie Finley
1967 - Murle Lindstrom wins LPGA Carlsbad Jaycee Golf Open
Writer Jean-Paul SartreWriter Jean-Paul Sartre 1968 - Apollo
7 returns to Earth
1969 - KAPN-AM in Santa Barbara CA changes call letters to
KDB-AM
1969 - Paul McCartney denies rumors of his death
1971 - USSR performs nuclear test
1972 - Betsy Rawls wins LPGA GAC Golf Classic
1972 - Oakland A's 1st championship; beat Reds, 4 games to 3
in World Series
1973 - Israeli troops reconquer mountain Hermon
1973 - Security Council Resolution 338-cease fire to Yom
Kippur War
1974 - Yanks trade Bobby Murcer to Giants for Bobby Bonds
1975 - "Me & Bessie" opens at Ambassador
Theater NYC for 453 performances
1975 - Cin Reds beat Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in 72nd
World Series
1975 - Soviet spacecraft Venera 9 soft-lands on Venus
1975 - Turkish diplomat shot to death in Vienna
1975 - World Football League disbands
1975 - World Football League disbands after the Week 12 of
their second season
1976 - Rick Barry (SF), begins then longest NBA free throw
streak of 60
1976 - Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug
Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of
dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.
1977 - International Sun-Earth Explorers 1 & 2 launched
into Earth orbit
1978 - "King of Hearts" opens at Minskoff Theater
NYC for 48 performances
1978 - 8th NYC Women's Marathon won by Grete Waitz in
2:32:30
1978 - 9th NYC Marathon won by Bill Rodgers in 2:12:12
1978 - Donna Caponi Young wins LPGA Houston Exchange Golf
Classic Clubs
1978 - Grete Weitz runs female world record marathon
(2:32:29.8)
1978 - Laugh-in's Judy Carne arrested at Gatwick Airport for
drug possession
264th Pope John Paul II264th Pope John Paul II 1978 - Pope
John Paul II installed
1979 - "One Mo' Time" with Vernel Bagners
premieres in NYC
1979 - Deposed Shah of Iran arrives in NY for medical
treatment
1979 - Walt Disney World's 100-millionth guest
1980 - 4th government of Martens forms in Belgium
1980 - New South Korean constitution comes into effect
1981 - Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization
decertified
1981 - Start of 1st-class game at Newcastle, NSW v
Queensland
1981 - US national debt tops $1 trillion
1981 - USSR performs underground nuclear test
1981 - The founding congress of the Nepal Workers and
Peasants Organisation faction led by Hareram Sharma and D.P. Singh begins.
1981 - The TGV railway service Paris-Lyon is inaugurated.
1982 - Gene Mauch resigns as manager of Angels
1983 - Two correctional officers are killed by inmates in
Marion, Illinois. The incident inspired the Supermax model of prisons.
1984 - NFL quarterback Ken Stabler retires
Musician & member of the Beatles Paul McCartneyMusician
& member of the Beatles Paul McCartney 1984 - Paul McCartney releases
"Give My Regards to Broad Street" soundtrack
1985 - Bret Saberhagen gives KC Royals their 1st World
Series win
1986 - "Into the Light" opens at Neil Simon
Theater NYC for 6 performances
1987 - "Cabaret" opens at Imperial Theater NYC for
262 performances
1987 - Nobel prize for literature awarded to Joseph Brodsky
1988 - Elton John sells out Madison Square Garden for a
record 26th time
1988 - Supreme Ct Justice Sandra Day O'Connor OK after
breast cancer surgery
1989 - Denver Nuggets beat Jugoplastika Split 135-129 in 3rd
McDonald Open
1989 - Red Khmer occupies Pailin in Cambodia
1991 - General Motors announces 9 month loss of $US2.2
billion
1992 - Atlanta, becomes 1st US team to win a World Series
game out of US
1992 - Space Shuttle STS 52 (Columbia 13) launches into
space
1992 - Wendy Wasserstein's "Sisters Rosensweig,"
premieres in NYC
1993 - Cosmonaut Aleksandr Serebrov makes record 9th space
walk
1994 - "Philadelphia, Here I Come" closes at
Criterion NYC after 52 perfs
Singer Elton JohnSinger Elton John 1994 - Statue of Sam
Houston unveiled in Texas
1994 - Tony Rominger bicycles world record time (53,832 km)
1995 - "Swinging On a Star" opens at Music Box
Theater NYC for 97 perfs
1996 - NY Yankee Bernie Williams hits record tying 7th post
season HR, as Yanks tie record of 6th straight post season road win (en route
to 8)
1997 - Cleve Marquis Grissom World Series hitting streak
ends after 15 games
1997 - Coldest World Series game Marlins vs Cleveland (38°F)
1997 - Larry Flynt sells Hustler in a non-zoned area of
Cincinnati
1997 - Yahoo completes purchase of Four11
1997 - NY Ranger Wayne Gretsky wife Janet is knocked
unconcious & gets 2 stitches while watching the game as a plexiglass falls
on her
1997 - 2nd longest 9 inning World Series game (4:12) as
Marlins & Indians were tied 7-7 going into the 9th, Mariners win 14-11
1997 - Compaq testifies Microsoft threaten to break Windows
95 agreement if they showcased a Netscape icon
1999 - Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France
government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.
2005 - Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin,
making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane
season on record with 22 named storms.
2006 - A Panama Canal expansion proposal is approved by
77.8% of voters in a National referendum held in Panama.
2008 - India launches its first unmanned lunar mission
Chandrayaan-1.
Magazine Publisher Larry FlyntMagazine Publisher Larry Flynt
2012 - 6 Italian scientists are convicted of manslaughter for their failure to
predict the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake
2012 - Hurricane Sandy forms in the Western Caribbean Sea
1746 - The College of New Jersey was officially chartered. It later became known as Princeton University. 1797 - Andre-Jacques Garnerin made the first recorded parachute jump. He made the jump from about 3,000 feet. 1836 - Sam Houston was inaugurated as the first constitutionally elected president of the Republic of Texas. 1844 - This day is recognized as "The Great Disappointment" among those who practiced Millerism. The world was expected to come to an end according to the followers of William Miller. 1879 - Thomas Edison conducted his first successful experiment with a high-resistance carbon filament. 1883 - The New York Horse show opened. The first national horse show was formed by the newly organized National Horse Show Association of America. 1907 - The Panic of 1907 began when depositors began withdrawing money from many New York banks. 1934 - Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd, the notorious bank robber, was shot and killed by Federal agents in East Liverpool, OH. 1939 - The first televised pro football game was telecast from New York. Brooklyn defeated Philadelphia 23-14. 1950 - The Los Angeles Rams set an NFL record by defeating the Baltimore Colts 70-27. It was a record score for a regular season game. 1954 - The Federal Republic of Germany was invited to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 1959 - "Take Me Along" opened on Broadway. 1962 - U.S. President Kennedy went on radio and television to inform the United States about his order to send U.S. forces to blockade Cuba. The blockade was in response to the discovery of Soviet missile bases on the island. 1968 - Apollo 7 splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean. The spacecraft had orbited the Earth 163 times. 1975 - Air Force Technical Sergeant Leonard Matlovich was discharged after publicly declaring his homosexuality. His tombstone reads " "A gay Vietnam Veteran. When I was in the military they gave me a medal for killing two men and a discharge for loving one." 1979 - The ousted Shah of Iran, Mohammad Riza Pahlavi was allowed into the U.S. for medical treatment. 1981 - The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization was decertified by the federal government for its strike the previous August. 1983 - At the Augusta National Golf Course in Georgia, an armed man crashed a truck through front gates and demanded to speak with U.S. President Ronald Reagan. 1986 - U.S. President Reagan signed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law. 1991 - The European Community and the European Free Trade Association agreed to create a free trade zone of 19 nations by the year 1993. 1995 - The 50th anniversary of the United Nations was marked by a record number of world leaders gathering. 1995 - British writer Sir Kingsley Amis died at the age of 73. 1998 - The United Nations announced that over 2 million children had been killed in war as innocent victims since 1987. 1998 - Pakistan's carpet weaving industry announced that they would begin to phase out child labor. 1999 - China ended its first-ever human rights conference in which it defied Western definitions of civil liberties. 1999 - The U.N. Security Council voted to send 6,000 troops to Sierra Leone to oversee a peace plan that had been signed in July. 2008 - The iTunes Music Store reached 200 million applications downloaded. 2010 - The Internation Space Station set the record (3641 days) for the longest continuous human occupation of space. It had been continously inhabited since November 2, 2000.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct22.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
No comments:
Post a Comment