http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Oct 30, 1918: Ottoman Empire signs treaty with Allies
On October 30, 1918, aboard the British battleship Agamemnon, anchored in the port of Mudros on the Aegean island of Lemnos, representatives of Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire sign an armistice treaty marking the end of Ottoman participation in the First World War.
Though the Ottoman Empire—in a period of relative decline since the late 16th century—had initially aimed to stay neutral in World War I, it soon concluded an alliance with Germany and entered the war on the side of the Central Powers in October 1914. The Turks fought fiercely and successfully defended the Gallipoli Peninsula against a massive Allied invasion in 1915-1916, but by 1918 defeat by invading British and Russian forces and an Arab revolt had combined to destroy the Ottoman economy and devastate its land, leaving some six million people dead and millions more starving.
As early as the first week of October 1918, both the Ottoman government and several individual Turkish leaders contacted the Allies to feel out peace possibilities. Britain, whose forces then occupied much of the Ottoman territories, was loath to step aside for its allies, particularly France, which according to an agreement concluded in 1916 would take control of the Syrian coast and much of modern-day Lebanon. In a move that enraged his French counterpart, Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister David Lloyd George and his cabinet authorized Admiral Arthur Calthorpe, Britain’s naval commander in the Aegean Sea, to negotiate an immediate armistice with Turkey without consulting France. Though Britain alone would engineer the Ottoman exit from the war, the two powerful Allies would continue to grapple over control in the region at the Paris Peace Conference, and for years beyond.
Negotiations between Calthorpe’s team and the delegation from Constantinople, led by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey, began at 9:30 on the morning of October 30, 1918, aboard the Agamemnon. The Treaty of Mudros, signed that evening, stated that hostilities would end at noon the following day. By its terms, Turkey had to open the Dardanelle and Bosporus straits to Allied warships and its forts to military occupation; it was also to demobilize its army, release all prisoners of war and evacuate its Arab provinces, the majority of which were already under Allied control. Bey and his fellow delegates refused to paint the treaty as an act of surrender for Turkey—later causing disillusionment and anger in Constantinople—but in fact that is what it was. The Treaty of Mudros ended Ottoman participation in World War I and effectively—if not legally—marked the dissolution of a once mighty empire. From its ruins, the victors of the First World War attempted to use the post-war peace negotiations to create a new, more unpredictable entity: the modern Middle East.
Oct 30, 1995: Quebec separatists narrowly defeated
By a bare majority of 50.6 percent to 49.4 percent, citizens of the province of Quebec vote to remain within the federation of Canada. The referendum asked Quebec's citizens, the majority of whom are French-speakers, to vote whether their province should begin the process that could make it independent of Canada.
The French were the first settlers of Canada, but in 1763 their dominions in eastern Canada fell under the control of the British. In 1867, Quebec joined Canada's English-speaking provinces in forming the autonomous Dominion of Canada. Over the next century, the English language and Anglo-America culture made steady inroads into Quebec, leading many French Canadians to fear that they were losing their language and unique culture. The Quebec independence movement was born out of this fear, gaining ground in the 1960s and leading to the establishment of a powerful separatist party—the Parti Québécois—in 1967. In 1980, an independence referendum was defeated by a 60 percent to 40 percent margin.
Far narrower than the 1980 margin, the 1995 referendum was the most serious threat to Canadian unity in the country's 128-year existence, carrying with it the possibility of losing nearly one-third of Canada's population if the Oui vote won. Quebec separatists refrained from any significant violence after their narrow defeat, but former Québécois leader Jacques Parizeau raised the specter of racial tension by declaring that his campaign had been beaten by "money and the ethnic vote."
Oct 30, 1938: Welles scares nation
Orson Welles causes a nationwide panic with his broadcast of "War of the Worlds"—a realistic radio dramatization of a Martian invasion of Earth.
Orson Welles was only 23 years old when his Mercury Theater company decided to update H.G. Wells' 19th-century science fiction novel War of the Worlds for national radio. Despite his age, Welles had been in radio for several years, most notably as the voice of "The Shadow" in the hit mystery program of the same name. "War of the Worlds" was not planned as a radio hoax, and Welles had little idea of the havoc it would cause.
The show began on Sunday, October 30, at 8 p.m. A voice announced: "The Columbia Broadcasting System and its affiliated stations present Orson Welles and the Mercury Theater on the air in 'War of the Worlds' by H.G. Wells."
Sunday evening in 1938 was prime-time in the golden age of radio, and millions of Americans had their radios turned on. But most of these Americans were listening to ventriloquist Edgar Bergen and his dummy "Charlie McCarthy" on NBC and only turned to CBS at 8:12 p.m. after the comedy sketch ended and a little-known singer went on. By then, the story of the Martian invasion was well underway.
Welles introduced his radio play with a spoken introduction, followed by an announcer reading a weather report. Then, seemingly abandoning the storyline, the announcer took listeners to "the Meridian Room in the Hotel Park Plaza in downtown New York, where you will be entertained by the music of Ramon Raquello and his orchestra." Putrid dance music played for some time, and then the scare began. An announcer broke in to report that "Professor Farrell of the Mount Jenning Observatory" had detected explosions on the planet Mars. Then the dance music came back on, followed by another interruption in which listeners were informed that a large meteor had crashed into a farmer's field in Grovers Mills, New Jersey.
Soon, an announcer was at the crash site describing a Martian emerging from a large metallic cylinder. "Good heavens," he declared, "something's wriggling out of the shadow like a gray snake. Now here's another and another one and another one. They look like tentacles to me ... I can see the thing's body now. It's large, large as a bear. It glistens like wet leather. But that face, it... it ... ladies and gentlemen, it's indescribable. I can hardly force myself to keep looking at it, it's so awful. The eyes are black and gleam like a serpent. The mouth is kind of V-shaped with saliva dripping from its rimless lips that seem to quiver and pulsate."
The Martians mounted walking war machines and fired "heat-ray" weapons at the puny humans gathered around the crash site. They annihilated a force of 7,000 National Guardsman, and after being attacked by artillery and bombers the Martians released a poisonous gas into the air. Soon "Martian cylinders" landed in Chicago and St. Louis. The radio play was extremely realistic, with Welles employing sophisticated sound effects and his actors doing an excellent job portraying terrified announcers and other characters. An announcer reported that widespread panic had broken out in the vicinity of the landing sites, with thousands desperately trying to flee. In fact, that was not far from the truth.
Perhaps as many as a million radio listeners believed that a real Martian invasion was underway. Panic broke out across the country. In New Jersey, terrified civilians jammed highways seeking to escape the alien marauders. People begged police for gas masks to save them from the toxic gas and asked electric companies to turn off the power so that the Martians wouldn't see their lights. One woman ran into an Indianapolis church where evening services were being held and yelled, "New York has been destroyed! It's the end of the world! Go home and prepare to die!"
When news of the real-life panic leaked into the CBS studio, Welles went on the air as himself to remind listeners that it was just fiction. There were rumors that the show caused suicides, but none were ever confirmed.
The Federal Communications Commission investigated the program but found no law was broken. Networks did agree to be more cautious in their programming in the future. Orson Welles feared that the controversy generated by "War of the Worlds" would ruin his career. In fact, the publicity helped land him a contract with a Hollywood studio, and in 1941 he directed, wrote, produced, and starred in Citizen Kane—a movie that many have called the greatest American film ever made.
Oct 30, 1893: The World's Columbian Exposition closes in Chicago
October 30, 1893 is the last day of Chicago's World's Columbian Exposition, a great fair that celebrated the 400th anniversary of Columbus's arrival in the New World and offered fairgoers a chance to see the first gas-powered motorcar in the United States: the Daimler quadricycle. The exposition introduced Americans to all kinds of technological wonders—for instance, an alternating-current power plant, a 46-foot-long cannon, a 1,500-pound Venus de Milo made of chocolate, and Juicy Fruit gum—along with replicas of exotic places and carnival-style rides and games.
Four years earlier, the Universal Exposition in Paris had featured an elaborate display of steam- and gas-powered vehicles, including the Serpollet-Peugeot steam tricar, named for its three wheels and powered by a coke-burning boiler and a lightweight, petrol-fueled four-wheeled car built by the German engineer Gottlieb Daimler. The Chicago fair promised an even more impressive spectacle. Its Transportation Building, designed by Louis Sullivan, was crammed full: Pack mules and horse-drawn carts crowded next to bicycles and boats. Most exciting of all were the rows of massive American-built steam locomotives that towered over everything else in the hall. Trains, the Exposition's organizers seemed to say, were the transportation of the future.
Only one internal-combustion vehicle was on display at the fair, tucked away in the corner of the Transportation Building: another of the wire-wheeled, tiller-steered, one-cylinder platform quadricycles that Daimler had introduced to Parisian fairgoers in 1889. It was like nothing most Americans had ever seen and yet almost no one paid any attention to it. Reporters barely mentioned the Daimler car and it didn't even appear in the exhibition catalog.
But a few very important people did notice it and studied it closely. One was the bicycle mechanic Charles Duryea, who used the Daimler car as the inspiration for the four-wheeled, one-cylinder Motor Wagon that he built with his brother Frank. In 1896, the Duryea Motor Wagon Company became the first company to mass-produce gas-powered vehicles in the United States.
Another admirer of the Daimler car was Henry Ford, who returned to Dearborn after the fair and built an internal-combustion quadricycle of his own. (He called it his "gasoline buggy.") Ford drove his little car for the first time on July 4, 1896 and sold it later that year for $200. Just a few years later, he incorporated the Ford Motor Company and the automobile age had begun.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun
Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge.
701 - John VI of Greece begins his reign as Catholic Pope
942 - Alberic nominates Pope Marinus II (Martinus III)
1077 - German king Henry IV gives away bisdom Utrecht county
Staveren
1137 - Battle of Rignano between Ranulf of Apulia and Roger
II of Sicily.
1270 - The Eighth Crusade and siege of Tunis ends by
agreement between Charles I of Sicily (brother to King Louis IX of France, who
had died months earlier) and the sultan of Tunis.
1340 - Battle of Rio Salado.
1389 - French king Charles VI visits pope Clemens VII
1468 - Charles the Stout occupies & plunders Luik
1470 - Henry VI of England returns to the English throne
after Earl of Warwick defeats Yorkists in battle.
1485 - Henry VII of England crowned at Westminster Abbey,
London
1489 - Peace of Tours, between emperor Maximilian I &
Flemings
1502 - Vasco da Gama returns to Calicut for the second time.
1503 - Queen Isabella of Spain bans violence against indians
1534 - English Parliament passes Act of Supremacy, making
King Henry VIII head of the English church - a role formerly held by the Pope
1611 - Gustaaf II Adolf (17) becomes king of Sweden
1629 - King Charles I gives Bahamas to Sir Robert Heath
1697 - Germany signs
French/English/Spanish/Neth/Brandenburgs peace treaty ending 9 year War
1739 - England declares war on Spain: War of Jenkin's Ear
[NS=Oct 19]
King of England King Charles IKing of England King Charles I
1768 - 1st Methodist church in US initiated (Wesley Chapel, NYC)
1772 - Capt Cook arrives with ship Resolution in Capetown
1775 - 1st navy in US forms
1851 - Alfred de Mussets "Bettine," premieres in
Paris
1864 - Helena, Montana's capital, founded
1866 - Jesse James gang robs bank in Lexington Missouri
($2000)
1868 - John Menard of Louisiana is 1st black elected to
Congress
1871 - Phila Athletics beat Chicago for 1st Natl Association
baseball pennant
1873 - P T Barnum's circus, "Greatest Show on
Earth," debuts (NYC)
1883 - Austria-Hungary/Germany/Romania signs military treaty
1886 - Great-Britain/Germany divide boundaries in East
Africa
1888 - John J Loud patents ballpoint pen
1888 - Ndebele-king Lobengula grants Cecil Rhodes,
Mashonaland £100 per month
1893 - Senate approves repealing Sherman Silver Purchase Act
of 1890
1894 - Daniel Cooper patents time clock
Outlaw Jesse JamesOutlaw Jesse James 1894 - Domenico
Melegatti obtains a patent for a procedure to be applied in producing pandoro
industrially.
1896 - Martha Hughes Cannon of Utah becomes 1st female
senator
1899 - Battle at Ladysmith Natal: Boers beat lt-general
Whites army
1899 - British Morning Post reporter Winston Churchill
reaches Capetown
1900 - 1st-ever US auto show opens in Madison Square Garden
in NYC
1901 - Battle at Bakenlaagte: lt-col Bensons unit vs Boers
1905 - "October Manifesto" Russian Tsar Nicholas
II grants civil liberties
1905 - GB Shaw's "Mrs Warren's Profession,"
premieres in NYC
1905 - Tsar of Russia accepts 1st Duma (Parliament)
1911 - Clark Griffith is named manager of Wash Senators
1914 - Allied offensive at Ypres (Belgium) begins
1917 - British government gives final approval to Balfour
Declaration
1918 - Slovakia asks for creation of Czechoslovakian state
1919 - Baseball league presidents call for abolishment of
spitball
1920 - The Communist Party of Australia is founded in
Sydney.
Absolute monarch Nicholas IIAbsolute monarch Nicholas II
1922 - Anxious to compete with the Yankees, the NY Giants pay $65,000 & 3
players for Jack Bentley (hits .349 & is 13-1 as pitcher in 1922)
1922 - Benito Mussolini forms government in Italy
1925 - KUT-AM in Austin TX begins radio transmissions
1929 - The Stuttgart Cable Car is constructed in Stuttgart,
Germany.
1930 - Turkey & Greece sign a treaty of friendship
1931 - W2XB TV channel 1 in NYC, NY (NBC) begins
broadcasting
1938 - Orson Welles panics a nation with broadcast of
"War of the Worlds"
1939 - USSR & Germany agree on partitioning Poland,
Hitler deports Jews
1939 - German U boat fails on attack of English battleship
Nelson with Winston Churchill, Dudley Pound & Charles Forbes aboard
1940 - Cole Porters musical "Panama hattie,"
premieres in NYC
1941 - USS Reuben James torpedoed by Germans, even though US
is not in war
1942 - 8th day of battle at El Alamein: new Australian
assault
1942 - US aircraft carrier Enterprise reaches Noumea
1943 - Molotov-Eden-Cordell Hull accord over operations at
UN
1943 - Soviet forces under Tolbuchin stick Sivash-bay about
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf HitlerDictator of Nazi
Germany Adolf Hitler 1944 - Aaron Copland's "Appalachian Spring,"
premieres in Wash DC
1944 - Anne Frank (of Diary fame) is deported from Auschwitz
to Belsen
1944 - Last transport for Auschwitz arrives in Birkenau
1944 - Scottish Highlanders liberate Waalwijk
1944 - Sweden announces intention to stay neutral &
refuse sanctuary in WW II
1944 - Tholen Island freed
1945 - Branch Rickey signs Jackie Robinson to a Montreal
Royals
1945 - US government announces end of shoe rationing
1947 - 23 countries sign GATT agreement in Geneva
1947 - Darius Milhauds 3rd Symphony "Hymnus
Ambrosianus," premieres in Paris
1948 - 20 die & 6,000 made ill by smog in Donora
Pennsylvania
1948 - Operation Hiram: Israelis take control of Galilee
1949 - "Lost in the Stars" opens at Music Box
Theater NYC for 281 perfs
1949 - Kurt Weill & Maxwell Anderson's musical premieres
in NYC
1950 - David Diamond's 3rd Symphony, premieres
Baseball Player Jackie RobinsonBaseball Player Jackie
Robinson 1950 - Pope Pius XII witnesses "The Miracle of the Sun"
while at the Vatican.
1951 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1952 - Clarence Birdseye sells 1st frozen peas
1953 - Dr Albert Schweitzer & Gen George C Marshall win
Nobel Peace Prize
1954 - Defense Department announces elimination of all
segregated regiments
1954 - US Armed Forces end segregation of races
1954 - 1st use of 24-sec shot clock in pro basketball
(Rochester vs Boston)
1955 - Imtiaz Ahmed scores 209 v NZ, the record for a no 8
batsman
1956 - Israel captures Egyptian militay post at El-Thamad
1956 - Dodgers sell Ebbets Field to a real estate group They
agree to stay until 1959, with an option to stay until 1961
1957 - Dmitri Sjostakovitch's 11th Symphony premieres in
Moscow
1957 - Soviet Union launches, Sputnik II, carrying a dog
named Laika
1957 - WLWI (now WTHR) TV channel 13 in Indianapolis, IN
(ABC) 1st broadcast
1957 - WYTV TV channel 33 in Youngstown, OH (ABC) begins
broadcasting
1960 - Guatemala's "La Hora" reports plan for
invasion on Cuba
1960 - Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney
transplant in the United Kingdom at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.
1961 - Soviet Union tests a 58 megaton hydrogen bomb
1961 - UN unanimously elects U Thant acting secretary
general of the UN
Soviet Union Premier Joseph StalinSoviet Union Premier
Joseph Stalin 1961 - Soviet Party Congress unanimously approves a resolution
removing Stalin's body from Lenin's tomb in Red Square
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston
Island
1963 - Morocco & Algeria signs cease fire
1963 - Sandy Koufax wins NL MVP award
1964 - Tran Van Huong appointed premier of South Vietnam
1965 - Clifford Ann Creed wins LPGA Las Cruces Golf Open
1965 - Fireworks explosions kill 50 in Cartagena, Colombia
1966 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Las Cruces Ladies Golf Open
1967 - Arthur Allyn says White Sox will play 9 games in
Milwaukee in 1968
1967 - Ferdinand Bracke bicycles world record time (48,093
km)
1967 - USSR Kosmos 186 & 188 make 1st automatic docking
& Venmera 13 launch
1968 - Nobel prize for chemistry awarded to Lars Onsager
(thermodynamics)
1968 - Nobel prize for physics awarded to Luis Alvarez
(bubble chamber)
1968 - Queen Juliana opens IJ tunnel in Amsterdam
1969 - WXPO (now WNDS) TV channel 50 in Manchester, NH (IND)
1st broadcast
1970 - KVEW TV channel 42 in Kennewick, WA (ABC) begins
broadcasting
1972 - 45 die in a train crash in Chicago Ill
1972 - Worst US rail accident in 14 years; 45 die in Chicago
1973 - Tom Seaver becomes 1st non-20-game winner to win Cy
Young award
1973 - The Bosporus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed,
connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus for the first
time.
1974 - California Angel Nolan Ryan throws fastest recorded
pitch (100.9 MPH)
1974 - Catfish Hunter is named AL Cy Young Award
Heavyweight Boxing Champion Muhammad AliHeavyweight Boxing
Champion Muhammad Ali 1974 - Muhammad Ali KOs George Foreman in 8th round in
Kinshasa Zaire ('The Rumble in the Jungle')
1975 - Giants pitcher John "the Count of"
Montefusco wins NL Rookie of Year
1975 - John Bucyk, Boston, became 7th NHLer to score 500
goals
1975 - Juan Carlos assumes power in Spain
1975 - NY Daily News runs headline "Ford to City: Drop
Dead"
1976 - "Going Up" closes at John Golden Theater
NYC after 49 performances
1976 - Jane Pauley becomes news co-anchor of Today Show
1976 - Rev Joseph Evans elected president of United Church
of Christ
1977 - Panama 747SP lands after polar flight around Earth in
record 54:07
1978 - Laura Nickel & Curt Noll find 25th Mersenne
prime, 2 ^ 21701-1
1978 - Uganda troops attack Tanzania
1979 - NASA launches space vehicle S-203
1979 - Richard Arrington elected mayor of Birmingham
1980 - Honduras & El Salvador settle their boundary
dispute
1980 - NASA launches Flt Satcom-4
1982 - Portugal revises constitution
1983 - The first democratic elections in Argentina after
seven years of military rule are held.
1984 - Tigers reliever Willie Hernandez wins AL Cy Young
Award
1985 - 22nd Space Shuttle Mission (61-A)-Challenger
9-launched
1986 - Discovery moves to OPF where more than 200
modification are made
1987 - In Japan, NEC releases the first 16-bit home
entertainment system, the TurboGrafx-16, known as PC Engine.
1988 - 2 gambling clubs & 1 player share 61.38 M California
lotto jackpot
1988 - Beth Daniel wins Nichirei Ladies Cup US-Japan Team
Golf Championship
1988 - Jim Elliott (US) completes 24-hr paced outdoor race
for 548.9 mi
1988 - NY Jets finally beat Pittsburgh Steelers for 1st time
1989 - August A Busch III becomes CEO of St Louis Cards
1989 - Smith Dairy at Orrville Ohio, makes largest milk
shake (1,575.2 gal)
1990 - England-France complete "Chunnel"
1991 - Colombian government negotiate with M-19-guerrilla
1991 - Mark Sauer becomes CEO of Pittsburgh Pirates
1991 - Mid East peace conference begins in Madrid Spain
1992 - MTA begins installing automated fare collection
turnstiles
1993 - Toronto Maple Leafs lose 1st game of season after
going 10-0-0
1994 - Leftist coalition wins Marcedonia parliamentary
election
1994 - Thomas Nicely reports bug in Intel's
Pentium-processor on Internet
1994 - US wins Nichirei LPGA Golf International
1995 - Quebec Referendum votes to remain part of Canada
1997 - "Cherry Orchard," opens at Martin Beck
Theater NYC
1997 - Shirley Allen, 51, held Illinois police off for 39
days captured
2002 - British Digital terrestrial television (DTT) Service
Freeview begins transmitting in parts of the United Kingdom.
2005 - The rebuilt Dresden Frauenkirche (destroyed in the
firebombing of Dresden during World War II) is reconsecrated after a
thirteen-year rebuilding project.
2012 - Walt Disney purchases Lucasfilm Ltd and its rights
for Star Wars and Indiana Jones for $4.05 billion
1735 - John Adams, the second President of the United States, was born in Braintree, MA. His son became the sixth President of the U.S. 1817 - The independent government of Venezuela was established by Simon Bolivar. 1831 - Escaped slave Nat Turner was apprehended in Southampton County, VA, several weeks after leading the bloodiest slave uprising in American history. 1875 - The constitution of Missouri was ratified by popular vote. 1893 - The U.S. Senate gave final approval to repeal the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890. 1894 - The time clock was patented by Daniel M. Cooper of Rochester, NY. 1938 - Orson Welles' "The War of the Worlds" aired on CBS radio. The belief that the realistic radio dramatization was a live news event about a Martian invasion caused panic among listeners. 1943 - In Moscow, a declaration was signed by the Governments of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and China called for an early establishment of an international organization to maintain peace and security. The goal was supported on December 1, 1943, at a meeting in Teheran. 1944 - Martha Graham's ballet "Appalachian Spring" premiered at the Library of Congress. 1945 - The U.S. government announced the end of shoe rationing. 1953 - General George C. Marshall was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. 1961 - The Soviet Union tested a hydrogen bomb with a force of approximately 58 megatons. 1961 - The Soviet Party Congress unanimously approved an order to remove Joseph Stalin's body from Lenin's tomb. 1972 - U.S. President Richard Nixon approved legislation to increase Social Security spending by $5.3 billion. 1972 - In Illinois, 45 people were killed when two trains collided on Chicago's south side. 1975 - Prince Juan Carlos assumed power in Spain as dictator Francisco Franco was near death. 1975 - The New York Daily News ran the headline "Ford to City: Drop Dead." The headline came a day after U.S. President Gerald R. Ford said he would veto any proposed federal bailout of New York City. 1982 - Portugal's constitution was revised for the first time since it was ratified on April 25, 1976. 1984 - In Poland, police found the body of kidnapped pro-Solidarity priest Father Jerry Popieluszko. His death was blamed on four security officers. 1989 - Mitsubishi Estate Company announced it would buy 51 percent of Rockefeller Group Inc. of New York. 1993 - Martin Fettman, America's first veterinarian in space, performed the world's first animal dissections in space, while aboard the space shuttle Columbia. 1993 - The United Nations deadline concerning ousted Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide passed with country's military still in control. 1995 - Federalist prevailed over separatists in Quebec in a referendum concerning secession from the federation of Canada. 1997 - The play revival "The Cherry Orchard" opened. 1998 - The terrorist who hijacked a Turkish Airlines plane and the 39 people on board was killed when anti-terrorist squads raided the plane. 2001 - In New York City, U.S. President George W. Bush threw out the first pitch at Game 3 of the World Series between the New York Yankees and the Arizona Diamondbacks. 2001 - Michael Jordan returned to the NBA with the Washington Wizards after a 3 1/2 year retirement. The Wizards lost 93-91 to the New York Knicks.
1534 The English parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the English church. 1938 Radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds, starring Orson Welles, caused nationwide panic among listeners. 1944 Martha Graham's ballet Appalachian Spring, with music by Aaron Copland, premiered. 1953 Gen. George C. Marshall won the Nobel Peace Prize for originating the Marshall Plan. 1974 Muhammad Ali knocked out George Foreman in the eighth round of a 15-round bout in Kinshasa, Zaire ("rumble in the jungle") to regain his world heavyweight title.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct30.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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