http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Oct 2, 1958: The Cold War comes to Africa, as Guinea gains its independence
The former French colony of Guinea declares its independence on October 2, 1958, with Sekou Toure as the new nation's first leader. Guinea was the sole French West African colony to opt for complete independence, rather than membership in the French Community, and soon thereafter France withdrew all aid to the new republic.
It soon became apparent that Toure would pose a problem for the United States. He was fiercely nationalistic and anti-imperialist, and much of his wrath and indignation was aimed at the United States for its alliances with colonial powers such as Great Britain and France and its refusal to openly condemn the white minority government of South Africa. More troubling for U.S. officials, however, was Guinea's open courting of Soviet aid and money and signing of a military assistance agreement with the Soviet Union. By 1960, nearly half of Guinea's exports were going to eastern bloc nations and the Soviets had committed millions of dollars of aid to the African republic. Toure was also intrigued by Mao's communist experiments in China.
Toure played the Soviet Union and the United States against one another to get the aid and trade he desired. While Guinea's relations with the United States got off to a rocky start (American newspapers routinely referred to the nation as "Red" Guinea), matters improved during the Kennedy administration when Toure refused to accommodate Soviet aircraft wishing to refuel on their way to Cuba during the missile crisis of 1962. In 1975, Toure changed course and allowed Soviet and Cuban aircraft to use Guinea's airfields during the Angolan civil war, then he again reversed position by revoking the privileges in 1977 and moving closer to France and the United States.
The concerns of U.S. officials over communist influences in Guinea, and the up-and-down relationship with Guinea were but precursors of other difficulties the United States would face in postcolonial Africa. As Guinea and other former colonies achieved independence during the post-World War II period, Africa became another battleground in the U.S.-Soviet conflict.
Oct 2, 1944: Warsaw Uprising ends
The Warsaw Uprising ends with the surrender of the surviving Polish rebels to German forces.
Two months earlier, the approach of the Red Army to Warsaw prompted Polish resistance forces to launch a rebellion against the Nazi occupation. The rebels, who supported the democratic Polish government-in-exile in London, hoped to gain control of the city before the Soviets "liberated" it. The Poles feared that if they failed to take the city the Soviet conquerors would forcibly set up a pro-Soviet communist regime in Poland.
The poorly supplied Poles made early gains against the Germans, but Nazi leader Adolf Hitler sent reinforcements. In brutal street fighting, the Poles were gradually overcome by superior German weaponry. Meanwhile, the Red Army occupied a suburb of Warsaw but made no efforts to aid the Polish rebels. The Soviets also rejected a request by the British to use Soviet air bases to airlift supplies to the beleaguered Poles.
After 63 days, the Poles--out of arms, supplies, food, and water--were forced to surrender. In the aftermath, the Nazis deported much of Warsaw's population and destroyed the city. With protestors in Warsaw out of the way, the Soviets faced little organized opposition in establishing a communist government in Poland.
Oct 2, 1919: Woodrow Wilson suffers a stroke
On this day in 1919, President Woodrow Wilson, who had just cut short a tour of the country to promote the formation of the League of Nations, suffers a stroke.
The tour's intense schedule--8,000 miles in 22 days--cost Wilson his health. He suffered constant headaches during the tour, finally collapsing from exhaustion in Pueblo, Colorado, in late September. He managed to return to Washington, only to suffer a near-fatal stroke on October 2.
Wilson's wife Edith blamed Republican opponents in Congress for her husband's stroke, as their vehement opposition to the League of Nations often took the form of character assassination. Edith, who was even suspicious of the political motives of Vice President Thomas Marshall, closely guarded access to her husband. She kept the true extent of Wilson's incapacitation from the press and his opponents. While Wilson lay in bed, unable to speak or move, Edith purportedly insisted that she screen all of Wilson's paperwork, in some cases signing Wilson's name to documents without consulting the convalescing president. Edith, however, denied usurping her husband's position during his recovery and in her memoirs insisted she acted only as a "steward."
Wilson slowly regained his health, but the lasting effects of the stroke—he remained partially paralyzed on one side--limited his ability to continue to campaign in favor of the League. In 1921, Republican Warren Harding's election to the presidency effectively ended efforts by the League's supporters to get it ratified. Wilson died in 1924.
Oct 2, 1835: First shots of the Texas Revolution fired in the Battle of Gonzales
On this day in 1835, the growing tensions between Mexico and Texas erupt into violence when Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, sparking the Texan war for independence.
Texas--or Tejas as the Mexicans called it--had technically been a part of the Spanish empire since the 17th century. However, even as late as the 1820s, there were only about 3,000 Spanish-Mexican settlers in Texas, and Mexico City's hold on the territory was tenuous at best. After winning its own independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico welcomed large numbers of Anglo-American immigrants into Texas in the hopes they would become loyal Mexican citizens and keep the territory from falling into the hands of the United States. During the next decade men like Stephen Austin brought more than 25,000 people to Texas, most of them Americans. But while these emigrants legally became Mexican citizens, they continued to speak English, formed their own schools, and had closer trading ties to the United States than to Mexico.
In 1835, the president of Mexico, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, overthrew the constitution and appointed himself dictator. Recognizing that the "American" Texans were likely to use his rise to power as an excuse to secede, Santa Anna ordered the Mexican military to begin disarming the Texans whenever possible. This proved more difficult than expected, and on October 2, 1835, Mexican soldiers attempting to take a small cannon from the village of Gonzales encountered stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia of Texans. After a brief fight, the Mexicans retreated and the Texans kept their cannon.
The determined Texans would continue to battle Santa Ana and his army for another year and a half before winning their independence and establishing the Republic of Texas.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
939 - Battle at Andernach: King Otto & Hermann of Zwaben
beat Eberhard of France & Giselbert of Lutherans
976 - Hisham II appointed kalief of Cordoba
1134 - Storm flood ravages Zeeland county
1187 - Sultan Saladin captures Jerusalem from Crusaders
1263 - The battle of Largs fought between Norwegians and
Scots.
1492 - King Henry VII of England invades France
1518 - English cardinal Thomas Wolsey makes European plan
1535 - Jacques Cartier discovers Mount Royal (Montreal)
1540 - Venice/Turkey signs peace
1552 - Conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.
1572 - Spanish army occupies/plunders/destroys Mechelen
1586 - Battle at Zutphen: English-Dutch army
1608 - Prototype of modern reflecting telescope completed by
Jan Lippershey
1614 - French king Louis XIII (13) declared an adult
1656 - US colony Connecticut passes law against Quakers
1700 - Spanish king Carlos II appoints Philip van Anjou,
heir to throne
1760 - Russian/Austrian army evacuates Berlin [NS=10/13]
1787 - Maagden House opens in Amsterdam
1789 - George Washington transmits the proposed
Constitutional amendments (The United States Bill of Rights) to the States for
ratification.
First US President George WashingtonFirst US President
George Washington 1792 - Baptist Missionary Society forms in London
1795 - Tula (leader slave uprising) sentence to death in
Curacao
1799 - Duke of York & Russians capture Alkmaar in
Netherlands
1804 - England mobilizes to protect against French invasion
1833 - Charles Darwin rides through Corunda to Santa Fe
Argentina
1833 - NY Anti-Slavery Society organized
1836 - Darwin returns to England aboard HMS Beagle (after 5
years)
1851 - The pasilalinic-sympathetic compass is demonstrated
but proves to be a fake.
1853 - Austrian law forbids Jews from owning land
1861 - Former VP John C Breckinridge flees Kentucky
1864 - Battle of Saltville, VA
1866 - J Osterhoudt patents tin can with key opener
1870 - Italy annexes Rome and Papal States; Rome made
Italian capital
1871 - Brigham Young, mormon leader, arrest for bigamy
1872 - Morgan State University founded
1879 -
Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Musgrave Ritual" (BG)
1889 - 1st Pan American conference (Washington DC)
1889 - In Colorado, Nicholas Creede strikes it rich in
silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.
1895 - 1st cartoon comic strip is printed in a newspaper
1899 - Orange Free state mobilizes
1901 - 1st Royal Naval submarine launched at Barrow
1906 - Tommy Burns KOs Jim Burns in 15 for heavyweight
boxing title
1907 - Phillies Eddie Grant goes 7 for 7 in a doubleheader
vs Giants
1908 - Addie Joss perfect game stops Ed Walsh 1-0 who won 40
in a row
1909 - 1st rugby match (Twickenham)
1910 - 1st 2 aircraft collision (Milan Italy)
1910 - Henry Wijnmalen flies to 2,800m altitude (world
record)
1913 - Phillies beat NY Giants 2 games out of 3 in a
tripleheader
1916 - Grover Cleveland Alexander records his 16th shutout
of year
1916 - San Diego Zoo founded
1919 - 1st edition "Volkskrant" (People's
newspaper) published in Neth
US President Woodrow WilsonUS President Woodrow Wilson 1919
- Pres Woodrow Wilson has a stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed
1920 - Only tripleheader of century (Reds win 13-4, 7-3 then
Pirates win 6-0)
1921 - NY Yankee Babe Ruth hits then record 59th HR
1923 - British occuping army leaves Constantinople
1923 - Harry Heilmann goes 2-for-2, sit out rest of season,
except for a pinch single on final day, hitting .403
1924 - League of Nations approves protocols of Geneva
1926 - Bert Gibb of Hamilton Tigers kicks 9 singles in a
game
1928 - The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of
God", commonly known as Opus Dei, was founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.
1931 - Pope Pius XI encyclical On economic crisis
1932 - NY Yankees sweep Chicago Cubs in 29th World Series
1932 - Washington Redskins (as Boston Braves) play 1st NFL
game, lose 14-0
1933 - Eugene O'Neill's comedy "Ah, Wilderness,"
premieres in NYC
1935 - Mussolini's Italian armys attacks Abyssinia
(Ethiopia)
1935 - NY Hayden Planetarium, 4th in US, opens
1936 - 1st alcohol power plant forms, Atchison, Kansas
Italian Dictator Benito MussoliniItalian Dictator Benito
Mussolini 1936 - Amsterdam's Calvinist Churches reject nazism
1936 - French franc devalued
1936 - NY Yankees score World Series record 18 runs, beating
Giants 18-4
1936 - Tony Lazzeri becomes 1st Yank to hit a World Series
grand slam
1937 - FDR visits Grand Coulee Dam construction site in
Washington State
1938 - Indian Bob Feller strikes out record 18 Tigers
(Chester Laabs 5 times)
1939 - Birdbaths installed in Union Square, SF
1940 - 17 German aircrafts shot down above England
1940 - British Council receives British Charter
1940 - British liner Empress loaded with refugees for
Canada, sunk
1941 - 6 Paris synagogues are bombed by Gestapo
1941 - Germans launch attack on Moscow
1942 - "Queen Mary" slices cruiser
"Curacao" in half, killing 338
1942 - 1st self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction
demonstrated, Chicago
1943 - Japanse troops leave Kolombangara, Solomon Island
32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt32nd US President
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 - Yankees sweep 14th doubleheader of year, beating
Browns, 5-1 & 7-6
1944 - Nazis crush Warsaw Uprising killing 250,000 people
1944 - US B-17's drops pamphlets on Walcheren
1946 - 1st network soap opera-Faraway Hill-Dumont
1947 - "Music in My Heart" opens at Adelphi
Theater NYC for 124 performances
1947 - Revised International Telecommunication Convention
adopted
1947 - Yankee Yogi Berra becomes 1st to pinch hit a World
Series homer
1948 - "Finian's Rainbow" closes at 46th St
Theater NYC after 725 perfs
1949 - St Louis Browns use 9 pitchers, lose to Whites Sox
4-3
1949 - USSR recognizes People's Republic of China
1949 - Yanks & Red Sox, tied for 1st place, play final
game of season. Yanks win 5-3 & clinch pennant #16
1950 - 1st strip of Charlie Brown, "Li'l Folks,"
later "Peanuts" in 9 papers
1950 - Mao Tse Tung proclaims in telegram to Stalin, China
intervenes Korea
1950 - Red Sox Dom DiMaggio leads AL with only 15 stolen
bases
1950 - Bob Shaw of Chicago Cardinals sets NFL record with 5
TD receptions
Soviet Union Premier Joseph StalinSoviet Union Premier
Joseph Stalin 1950 - Chic Cards Jim Hardy passes for 6 touchdowns vs Balt Colts
(55-13)
1950 - Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz first published
1951 - 1st Netherland TV broadcast (Toverspiegel)
1951 - Dodgers beat Giants 10-0, in 2nd game of play-offs
1953 - "Comedy in Music (Victor Borge)" opens at
John Golden NYC for 849 perf
1953 - Dodger Carl Erskine strikes out 14 Yankees in World
Series
1954 - 8th NHL All-Star Game: All-Stars beat Detroit 2-2 at
Detroit
1954 - Former French possession of Chandernagore made part
of West Bengal
1954 - NY Giants sweep Cleve Indians, in 51st World Series
1955 - "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" premieres
1955 - 9th NHL All-Star Game: Detroit beat All-Stars 3-1 at
Detroit
1955 - Chiva Stoica becomes premier of Romania
1955 - WHTN (now WOWK) TV ch 13 in Huntington-Charleston, WV
(CBS) begins
1956 - 1st atomic power clock exhibited-NYC
1957 - NY Yankees appear in their 25th World Series
1957 - New volcanic island appears off Fayal Island Azores
1958 - Guinea (French Guinea) gains independence from France
(National Day)
1958 - Musical show "Valmouth," 1st produced in
London
1958 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1959 - Rod Serling's "Twilight Zone" premieres on
CBS-TV
1960 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA San Antonio Civitan Golf
Tournament
1961 - "Ben Casey" premieres on NBC-TV
1961 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1961 - WETA TV channel 26 in Washington, DC (PBS) begins
broadcasting
1961 - WHRO TV channel 15 in Hampton-Norfolk, VA (PBS) begins
broadcasting
1962 - SF beats LA, 8-7 in 4h18m 9 inning playoff game
1962 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston
Island
1963 - Dodgers' Sandy Koufax strikes out World Series record
15 Yankees
1963 - W German Chancellor Adenauer condemns western grain
shipments to USSR
1964 - Phillies tie major league record with season's 3rd
triple play (Reds)
1965 - Dodgers beat Braves to clinch NL pennant
1965 - Mel Stottlemyre wins game #20
1965 - Phillies' Chris Short strikes-out 18 NY Mets
1965 - Pope Paul VI named MR Perey bishop's helper of New
Orleans
1966 - Mickey Wright wins LPGA Mickey Wright Golf
Invitational
1966 - LA Dodgers Sandy Koufax clinches 3rd LA pennant in 4
years
1967 - Grateful Dead members arrested by narcotic agents
1967 - Groundbreaking begins on Veteran Stadium in
Philadelphia
1967 - Mickey Wright wins LPGA Seven Lakes Golf Invitational
First Black Supreme Court Justice Thurgood MarshallFirst
Black Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall 1967 - Thurgood Marshall sworn in
as 1st black Supreme Court Justice
1968 - 1st London performance of "Promises
Promises" presented
1968 - Bob Gibson sets a World Series record of 17
strikeouts
1968 - Mexico City police fire on protesting students,
300-500 killed
1968 - Republic Guinea forms (day of republic)
1968 - 1st time, 2 soon-to-be-named MVPs oppose each other
Cards Bob Gibson beat Tigers Denny McLain 4-0
1969 - Seattle Pilots last game in Seattle, lose 3-1 to As
in front of 5,473
1969 - US performs underground nuclear test at Amchitka
Island Aleutians
1970 - Billy Martin named manager of Det Tigers
1970 - Plane carrying Wichita State U football team crashes
killing 30
1971 - Homing pigeon averages 133 KPH (record) in 1100-km
Australian race
1972 - "From Israel with Love" opens at Palace
Theater NYC for 8 performances
1972 - Aeroflot Il-18 crashes near Black Sea resort of
Sochi, kills 105
1972 - Bill Stoneman of Montreal pitches his 2nd no-hitter,
beating Mets, 7-0
1972 - Danish population votes for European Common Market
membership
1972 - Mont Expos Bill Stoneman 2nd no-hitter beats NY Mets,
7-0
1972 - Ron Johnson becomes 1st NY Giant to score 4 TDs (vs
Phila)
Baseball Player Hank AaronBaseball Player Hank Aaron 1974 -
Hank Aaron's 733rd career HR on his last NL at bat
1976 - "Let My People Come" closes at Morosco
Theater NYC after 106 perfs
1977 - Pakistan general Zia ul-Haq bans all opposition
1977 - Vivian Brownlee wins LPGA Dallas Civitan Golf Open
1977 - Dusty Baker 30th HR joins teammates Steve Garvey
(33), Reggie Smith (32), & Ron Cey (30) in make Dodgers 1st team to boast 4
30-HR hitters
1978 - Syrian & Palestinians shoot in East Beirut, 1,300
killed
1978 - Yanks win 3rd straight AL East beating Red Sox 5-4 in
a playoff game. Guidry wins #25 aided by Dent's homer & Pinella's fielding
1980 - Larry Holmes TKOs Muhammad Ali in 11 for heavyweight
boxing title
1980 - Michael Myers (D-Pa), is 1st rep expelled in over 100
years (ABSCAM)
1981 - Ali Chamenei elected president of Iran
1982 - Bomb attack in Teheran, kills 60, injures 700
1983 - Art Monk begins NFL streak of 136 plus consecutive
game receptions
1983 - Carl Yastrezemski's last at bat
1983 - Kathy Postlewait wins LPGA San Jose Golf Classic
1984 - 3 cosmonauts return after a record 237 days in orbit
Heavyweight Boxing Champion Muhammad AliHeavyweight Boxing
Champion Muhammad Ali 1984 - In 1st LCS game played with replacement umps, Cubs
cbeat Padres 13-0
1984 - Richard Miller, becomes 1st (former) FBI agent,
charged with espionage
1985 - Russian party leader Gorbatsjov visits Paris
1985 - Tigers Darrell Evans is 1st to hit 40 HR seasons in
both leagues
1986 - Failed assassination attempt on India premier Rajiv
Gandhi
1986 - Mike Scott is 3rd NL pitcher to strike out 300 in a
season (306)
1986 - NY Met Dwight Gooden is 1st to strike out 200 or more
in 1st 3 seasons
1986 - Sikhs attempt to assassinate Indian Prime Minister
Rajiv Gandhi
1988 - 24th Olympic games close at Seoul, Korea
1988 - Gelindo Bordin wins 21st Olympics marathon (2:10:32)
1988 - Minnesota Twins are 1st AL club ever to break 3
million season attendance
1988 - Pakistan's Supreme Court orders free elections
1988 - Police breakup domestic disturbance between Mike
Tyson & Robin Givens
1988 - Mike Tyson wrecks furniture in his Bernardsville NJ
Mansion
1990 - "Michael Feinstein in Concert -" opens at
Golden NYC for 30 perfs
1990 - Allies cede any remaining rights as occupiers of
Germany
1990 - Chinese plane explodes, about 100 die
1990 - US Senate votes 90-9 to confirm David Souter to
Supreme Court
1990 - Radio Berlin International's final transmission
(links to Deutsche Welles of West Germany); final song is "The End"
by Doors
1991 - Eric Lindros, refused to sign with Quebec Nordiques
Tennis Player Steffi GrafTennis Player Steffi Graf 1991 -
Steffi Graf becomes the youngest woman to win 500 pro tennis matches
1991 - Toronto Blue Jays clinches AL East title &
becomes 1st team to draw 4 million fans
1992 - VP Itamar Franco becomes pres of Brazil
1992 - The Carandiru Massacre takes place after a riot in
the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil.
1994 - "Show Boat," opens at Gershwin Theater NYC
1994 - Pakistan defeat Australia by one wicket in Karachi
Test
1995 - "Moon Over Buffalo" opens at Martin Beck
Theater NYC for 308 perfs
1995 - Seattle Mariners beat Cal Angels, 9-1 in a playoff
game to win AL West
1996 - 30th Country Music Association Award: Brooks &
Dunn win
2001 - The NATO backs US military strikes, following 9/11.
2002 - The Beltway sniper attacks begin, extending over
three weeks.
2004 - American Samoa joins the North American Numbering
Plan.
2005 - Ethan Allen Boating Accident: The Ethan Allen tour
boat capsizes on Lake George in Upstate New York, killing twenty people.
2005 - NFL plays first regular season game outside United
States when the Arizona Cardinals defeat the San Francisco 49ers 31-14 in
Mexico City, Mexico
2006 - Five school girls are murdered by Charles Carl
Roberts in a shooting at an Amish school in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania before
Roberts commits suicide.
2007 - President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea walks across
the Military Demarcation Line into North Korea on his way to the second
Inter-Korean Summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il.
2009 - Rio de Janeiro is elected the host city of the 2016
Summer Olympics and Paralympics.
2012 - 20 students are gunned down in Mubi, Nigeria
2012 - 10 people are killed after a minibus and truck
collide in Ilocos Norte, Philippines
1492 - King Henry VII of England invaded France. 1780 - British army major John Andre was hanged as a spy. He was carrying information about the actions of Benedict Arnold. 1835 - The first battle of the Texas Revolution took place near the Guadalupe River when American settlers defeated a Mexican cavalry unit. 1836 - Charles Darwin returned to England after 5 years of acquiring knowledge around the world about fauna, flora, wildlife and geology. He used the information to develop his "theory of evolution" which he unveiled in his 1859 book entitled The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. 1869 - Mahatma (Mohandas) K Gandhi was born. He was known for his advocacy of non-violent resistance to fight tyranny. 1870 - Rome was made the capital of Italy. 1876 - The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas opened. It was the state's first venture into public higher education. The school was formally dedicated 2 days later by Texas Gov. Richard Coke. 1889 - The first international Conference of American States began in Washington, DC. 1908 - Addie Joss of Cleveland pitched the fourth perfect game in major league baseball history. 1919 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke that left him partially paralyzed. 1920 - The Cincinnati Reds and the Pittsburgh Pirates played the only triple-header in baseball history. The Reds won 2 of the 3 games. 1924 - The Geneva Protocol adopted the League of Nations. 1925 - Scottish inventor John Logie Baird completed the first transmission of moving images. 1929 - "The National Farm and Home Hour" debuted on NBC radio. 1933 - "Red Adams" debuted on NBC radio. 1937 - Warner Bros. released "Love Is on the Air." Ronald Reagan made his acting debut in the motion picture. He was 26 years old. 1940 - During World War II, the HMS Empress was sunk while carrying child refugees from Britain to Canada. 1941 - Operation Typhoon was launched by Nazi Germany. The plan was an all-out offensive against Moscow. 1944 - The Nazis crushed the Warsaw Uprising. 1947 - The Federatino Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) formally established Formula One racing in Grand Prix competition. 1948 - The first automobile race to use asphalt, cement and dirt roads took place in Watkins Glen in New York. It was the first road race in the U.S. following World War II. 1949 - "The Aldrich Family" debuted on NBC-TV. 1950 - "Peanuts," the comic strip created by Charles M. Schulz, was published for the first time in seven newspapers. 1953 - "Person to Person" debuted on CBS-TV. 1955 - "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" debuted on CBS-TV. 1958 - Guinea, the French colony in West Africa, proclaimed its independence. Sekou Toure was the first president of the Republic of Guinea. 1959 - "The Twilight Zone" debuted on CBS-TV. The show ran for 5 years for a total of 154 episodes. 1962 - U.S. ports were closed to nations that allowed their ships to carry arms to Cuba, ships that had docked in a socialist country were prohibited from docking in the United States during that voyage, and the transport of U.S. goods was banned on ships owned by companies that traded with Cuba. 1967 - Thurgood Marshall was sworn in. He was the first African-American member of the U.S. Supreme Court. 1988 - Pakistan's Supreme Court ordered free elections. 1989 - In Leipzig, East Germany a protest took place demanding the legalization of opposition groups and the adoption of democratic reforms. 1990 - The Allies ceded their rights to areas they occupied in Germany. 1993 - Opponents of Russian President Boris Yeltsin fought police and set up burning barricades. 1998 - Hawaii sued petroleum companies, claiming state drivers were overcharged by about $73 million a year in price-fixing. 1998 - About 10,000 Turkish soldiers crossed into northern Iraq and attacked Kurdish rebels. 2001 - The U.S. Postmaster unveiled the "Tribute to America" stamp. The stamp was planned for release the next month. 2001 - NATO, for the first time, invoked a treaty clause that stated that an attack on one member is an attack on all members. The act was in response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States.
1919 President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke, which left him partially paralyzed. 1944 The two-month-long Warsaw Uprising was squelched by Nazi troops battling the Polish underground. 1950 The "Peanuts" comic strip, by Charles M. Schultz, first appeared in newspapers. 1958 Guinea proclaimed its independence from France. 1967 Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as the first black associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. 1998 Gene Autry, the singing cowboy and former owner of the Anaheim Angels baseball team, died at age 91.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct02.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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