http://www.history.com/this-day-in-historyl
Jun 15, 1215: Magna Carta sealed
Following a revolt by the English nobility against his rule, King John puts his royal seal on the Magna Carta, or "Great Charter." The document, essentially a peace treaty between John and his barons, guaranteed that the king would respect feudal rights and privileges, uphold the freedom of the church, and maintain the nation's laws. Although more a reactionary than a progressive document in its day, the Magna Carta was seen as a cornerstone in the development of democratic England by later generations.
John was enthroned as king of England following the death of his brother, King Richard the Lion-Hearted, in 1199. King John's reign was characterized by failure. He lost the duchy of Normandy to the French king and taxed the English nobility heavily to pay for his foreign misadventures. He quarreled with Pope Innocent III and sold church offices to build up the depleted royal coffers. Following the defeat of a campaign to regain Normandy in 1214, Stephen Langton, the archbishop of Canterbury, called on the disgruntled barons to demand a charter of liberties from the king.
In 1215, the barons rose up in rebellion against the king's abuse of feudal law and custom. John, faced with a superior force, had no choice but to give in to their demands. Earlier kings of England had granted concessions to their feudal barons, but these charters were vaguely worded and issued voluntarily. The document drawn up for John in June 1215, however, forced the king to make specific guarantees of the rights and privileges of his barons and the freedom of the church. On June 15, 1215, John met the barons at Runnymede on the Thames and set his seal to the Articles of the Barons, which after minor revision was formally issued as the Magna Carta.
The charter consisted of a preamble and 63 clauses and dealt mainly with feudal concerns that had little impact outside 13th century England. However, the document was remarkable in that it implied there were laws the king was bound to observe, thus precluding any future claim to absolutism by the English monarch. Of greatest interest to later generations was clause 39, which stated that "no free man shall be arrested or imprisoned or disseised [dispossessed] or outlawed or exiled or in any way victimised...except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land." This clause has been celebrated as an early guarantee of trial by jury and of habeas corpus and inspired England's Petition of Right (1628) and the Habeas Corpus Act (1679).
In immediate terms, the Magna Carta was a failure--civil war broke out the same year, and John ignored his obligations under the charter. Upon his death in 1216, however, the Magna Carta was reissued with some changes by his son, King Henry III, and then reissued again in 1217. That year, the rebellious barons were defeated by the king's forces. In 1225, Henry III voluntarily reissued the Magna Carta a third time, and it formally entered English statute law.
The Magna Carta has been subject to a great deal of historical exaggeration; it did not establish Parliament, as some have claimed, nor more than vaguely allude to the liberal democratic ideals of later centuries. However, as a symbol of the sovereignty of the rule of law, it was of fundamental importance to the constitutional development of England. Four original copies of the Magna Carta of 1215 exist today: one in Lincoln Cathedral, one in Salisbury Cathedral, and two in the British Museum.
Jun 15, 1846: U.S.-Canadian border established
Representatives of Great Britain and the United States sign the Oregon Treaty, which settles a long-standing dispute with Britain over who controlled the Oregon territory. The treaty established the 49th parallel from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Georgia as the boundary between the United States and British Canada. The United States gained formal control over the future states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Montana, and the British retained Vancouver Island and navigation rights to part of the Columbia River.
In 1818, a U.S.-British agreement had established the border along the 49th parallel from Lake of the Woods in the east to the Rocky Mountains in the west. The two nations also agreed to a joint occupation of Oregon territory for 10 years, an arrangement that was extended for an additional 10 years in 1827. After 1838, the issue of who possessed Oregon became increasingly controversial, especially when mass American migration along the Oregon Trail began in the early 1840s.
American expansionists urged seizure of Oregon, and in 1844 Democrat James K. Polk successfully ran for president under the platform "Fifty-four forty or fight," which referred to his hope of bringing a sizable portion of present-day Vancouver and Alberta into the United States. However, neither President Polk nor the British government wanted a third Anglo-American war, and on June 15, 1846, the Oregon Treaty, a compromise, was signed. By the terms of the agreement, the U.S. and Canadian border was extended west along the 49th parallel to the Strait of Georgia, just short of the Pacific Ocean.
Jun 15, 1775: George Washington assigned to lead the Continental Army
On this day in 1775, George Washington, who would one day become the first American president, accepts an assignment to lead the Continental Army.
Washington had been managing his family's plantation and serving in the Virginia House of Burgesses when the second Continental Congress unanimously voted to have him lead the revolutionary army. He had earlier distinguished himself, in the eyes of his contemporaries, as a commander for the British army in the French and Indian War of 1754.
Born a British citizen and a former Redcoat, Washington had, by the 1770s, joined the growing ranks of colonists who were dismayed by what they considered to be Britain's exploitative policies in North America. In 1774, Washington joined the Continental Congress as a delegate from Virginia. The next year, the Congress offered Washington the role of commander in chief of the Continental Army.
After accepting the position, Washington sat down and wrote a letter to his wife, Martha, in which he revealed his concerns about his new role. He admitted to his "dear Patcy" that he had not sought the post but felt "it was utterly out of my power to refuse this appointment without exposing my Character to such censures as would have reflected dishonour upon myself, and given pain to my friends." He expressed uneasiness at leaving her alone, told her he had updated his will and hoped that he would be home by the fall. He closed the letter with a postscript, saying he had found some of "the prettiest muslin" but did not indicate whether it was intended for her or for himself.
On July 3, 1775, Washington officially took command of the poorly trained and under-supplied Continental Army. After six years of struggle and despite frequent setbacks, Washington managed to lead the army to key victories and Great Britain eventually surrendered in 1781. Due largely to his military fame and humble personality, Americans overwhelmingly elected Washington their first president in 1789.
Jun 15, 1943: The "Blobel Commando" begins its cover-up of atrocities
On this day in 1943, Paul Blobel, an SS colonel, is given the assignment of coordinating the destruction of the evidence of the grossest of Nazi atrocities, the systematic extermination of European Jews.
As the summer of 1943 approached, Allied forces had begun making cracks in Axis strongholds, in the Pacific and in the Mediterranean specifically. Heinrich Himmler, leader of the SS, the elite corps of Nazi bodyguards that grew into a paramilitary terror force, began to consider the possibility of German defeat and worried that the mass murder of Jews and Soviet prisoners of war would be discovered. A plan was devised to dig up the buried dead and burn the corpses at each camp and extermination site. The man chosen to oversee this yearlong project was Paul Blobel.
Blobel certainly had some of that blood on his hands himself, as he was in charge of SS killing squads in German-occupied areas of Russia. He now drew together another kind of squad, "Special Commando Group 1,005," dedicated to this destruction of human evidence. Blobel began with "death pits" near Lvov, in Poland, and forced hundreds of Jewish slave laborers from the nearby concentration camp to dig up the corpses and burn them–but not before extracting the gold from the teeth of the victims.
Jun 15, 1776: Delaware declares independence .
On this day in 1776, the Assembly of the Lower Counties of Pennsylvania declares itself independent of British and Pennsylvanian authority, thereby creating the state of Delaware.
Delaware did not exist as a colony under British rule. As of 1704, Pennsylvania had two colonial assemblies: one for the "Upper Counties," originally Bucks, Chester and Philadelphia, and one for the "Lower Counties on the Delaware" of New Castle, Kent and Sussex. All of the counties shared one governor.
Thomas McKean and Caesar Rodney, the same two men who represented the Lower Counties in the Stamp Act Congress of 1765, proposed the Lower Counties' simultaneous separation from Pennsylvania and the British crown. McKean and Rodney, along with George Read, represented the Lower Counties at the First Continental Congress in 1774 as well as the Second Continental Congress in 1775-76. When Read refused to vote for independence, McKean had famously summoned an ailing Rodney, who rode overnight from Dover, Delaware, to Philadelphia in order to cast his vote in favor of independence and break the Delaware delegation's stalemate.
McKean and Rodney were punished for their zealous pursuit of independence in an area heavily populated by Loyalists. The first Delaware General Assembly, a body that owed its existence to McKean and Rodney, chose not to return them to the Continental Congress in October 1776. But, after Wilmington, Delaware, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, fell under British occupation, the second General Assembly returned the two Patriots to the Continental Congress in October 1777. Both men went on to serve as president of the state of Delaware. Rodney held the post from March 31, 1778, to November 6, 1781. McKean served briefly as the acting president from September 22 until October 20, 1777, while George Read traveled from Philadelphia to assume the post, left vacant by John McKinly's capture by British troops
Jun 15, 1300: Dante is named prior of Florence
On this day, poet Dante Alighieri becomes one of six priors of Florence, active in governing the city. Dante's political activities, which include the banishment of several rivals, lead to his own exile from Florence, his native city, after 1302. He will write his great work, The Divine Comedy, as a virtual wanderer, seeking protection for his family in town after town.
Dante was born to a family with noble ancestry whose fortunes had fallen. His father was a moneylender. Dante began writing poetry in his teens and received encouragement from established poets, to whom he sent sonnets as a young man.
At age nine, Dante first caught a glimpse of Beatrice Portinari, also nine, who would symbolize for him perfect female beauty and spiritual goodness in the coming decades. Despite his fervent devotion to Portinari, who did not seem to return his feelings, Dante became engaged to Gemma Donati in 1277, but the two did not marry until eight years later. The couple had six sons and a daughter.
About 1293, Dante published a book of prose and poetry called The New Life, followed a few years later by another collection, The Banquet. It wasn't until his banishment that he began work on his Divine Comedy. In the poem's first book, Dante takes a tour through Hell with the poet Virgil as his guide. Virgil also guides the poet through Purgatory in the second book. The poet's guide in Paradise, however, is named Beatrice. The work was written and published in sections between 1308 and 1321. Although Dante called the work simply Comedy, the work became enormously popular, and a deluxe version published in 1555 in Venice bore the title The Divine Comedy. Dante died of malaria in Ravenna in 1321.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
763 BC - Assyrians record a solar eclipse that will be used
to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
923 - Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed
and King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of
Burgundy.
1094 - Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar [El Cid] occupies Valencia on
the Moren
1184 - King Magnus V of Norway is killed at the battle of
Fimreite.
1215 - King John signs Magna Carta at Runnymede, England
1219 - King Valdemar brought victory for Denmark
1219 - Dannebrog - oldest national flag in the world - and
flag of Denmark. According to legend, fell from the sky during the Battle of
Lyndanisse (now Tallinn) in Estonia, and turned the Danes' luck.
1246 - Battle at Leitha: Hungary-Austrian
1246 - With the death of Duke Frederick II, the Babenberg
dynasty ends in Austria.
1389 - Battle of Kossovo; Turks defeat Serbs
1567 - Battle at Carberry, Scotland: Protestant troops beat
Earl Bothwells army
1567 - Genoa, Italy, expels Jews
1580 - Phillip II of Spain declares William the Silent to be
an outlaw.
1626 - King Charles I disbands English parliament
1643 - Able Tasman returns to Batavia after discovering
Tasmania
1664 - New Jersey established
1741 - Capt Bering leaves Petropavlovsk, sailing to America
1762 - Austria uses 1st paper currency
1775 - George Washington appointed commander-in-chief of
American Army
First US President George WashingtonFirst US President
George Washington 1779 - General Anthony Wayne captures Stony Point, Bronx
1785 - 2 French balloonists die in world's 1st fatal
aviation accident
1802 - Toussaint L'Ouverture leaves Haiti, prisoner on
French ship Héros
1804 - 12th amendment to the US constitution ratified; deals
with manner of choosing president
1808 - Joseph Bonaparte becomes King of Spain.
1834 - Rioters in Safed Palestine kills many Jews
1836 - Arkansas becomes 25th state of the Union
1844 - Goodyear patents vulcanization of rubber
1846 - Oregon Treaty signed, setting US-British boundary at
49°N
1851 - Jacob Fussell, Baltimore dairyman, sets up 1st
ice-cream factory
1857 - San Francisco Water Works organized
1859 - Pig War: Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the
"Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between U.S. and British/Canadian
settlers.
1860 - 1st White settlement in Idaho (Franklin)
1861 - Johnston evacuates Harpers Ferry
1862 - Gen JEB Stuart completes his "ride around
McClellan"
Confederate General J.E.B. StuartConfederate General J.E.B.
Stuart 1863 - 2nd battle at Winchester Va, ends in Federal defeat; 1350
casualities
1864 - -17] Skirmish at Gilgal Church, Georgia
1864 - Battle for Petersburg begins as Gen Grant assaults
Confederate line
1864 - Capt Mendell begins building 640m long ponton bridge
over James R Va
1864 - Congress passes legislation equalizing pay for Black
soldiers
1864 - Robert E. Lee's home area (Arlington, VA) becomes a
military cemetery
1866 - Prussia attacks Austria
1867 - Atlantic Cable Quartz Lode gold mine located in
Montana.
1869 - Celluloid patented by John Wesley Hyatt, Albany, NY
1869 - Mike McCoole (US) defeats Tom Allen (England) in
bare-knuckle bout
1871 - Phoebe Couzins is 1st woman graduate of a US
collegiate law school
1876 - Sara Spencer (R) is 1st woman to address a US
presidential convention
1876 - Tsunamis after earthquake floods NE coast of Japan,
kills 28,000
1877 - Henry Ossian Flipper becomes 1st African American to
graduate from West Point Military Academy
1878 - 1st attempt at motion pictures (used 12 cameras, each
taking 1 picture) done to see if all 4 of a horse's hooves leave the ground
Soldier and Former Slave Henry Ossian FlipperSoldier and
Former Slave Henry Ossian Flipper 1887 - Carlisle D Graham survives 2nd ride in
Niagara waterfall in barrel
1887 - NY Giants beat Philadelphia Phillies 29-1
1887 - Stanley's expedition reaches Yambuya waterfalls Congo
1888 - Wilhelm II becomes emperor of Germany
1889 - Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure
"Stockbroker's Clerk" (BG)
1894 - Phillies beat Cincinnati Reds, 21-8
1896 - Tsunami strikes Shinto festival on beach at Sanriku
Japan 27,000 are killed, 9,000 injured, with 13,000 houses destroyed
1897 - Liberals/social-democrats win Dutch 2nd Parliamentary
election
1898 - US House of Representatives accepts annexation of
Hawaii
1898 - US marines attack Spanish off Guantánamo Cuba
1901 - 7th US Golf Open: Willie Anderson shoots a 331 at
Myopia Hunt Club MA
1902 - Canada's Maritime Provinces switch from Eastern to
Atlantic time
1902 - Minor League's most lopsided baseball game: Corsicana
51; Texarkana 3 Justin Clark of Corsicana, Tx minors hits 8 home runs in 1 game
1904 - Side-wheeler "General Slocum" burns in NY's
East River (1,031 die)
1907 - 44 nations meet in 2nd Hague Peace Conference
1908 - World congress for Women's rights opens in Amsterdam
1909 - Representatives from England, Australia and South
Africa meet at Lord's and form the Imperial Cricket Conference.
1911 - Tabulating Computing Recording Corporation (IBM) is
incorporated.
1912 - 26th US Women's Tennis: Mary K Browne beats Eleonora
Sears (6-4 6-2)
1913 - The Battle of Bud Bagsak in the Philippine concludes.
1915 - US government mints 1st $50 gold pieces, for Panama
Pacific Expo
1916 - Boys Scouts of America forms
1918 - 1" of snow falls in Northern Pennsylvania
1918 - 50th Belmont: Frank Robinson aboard Johren wins in
2:20.6
1919 - 1st nonstop Atlantic flight (Alcock & Brown)
lands in Ireland
1920 - De Zweef soccer team forms in Nijverdal
1920 - Duluth lynchings in Minnesota.
1921 - Bessie Coleman reaches France as US 1st black pilot
1923 - Belgium's Theunis government falls because of mine,
post & railroad strike
1923 - 58th British Golf Open: Arthur Havers shoots a 295 at
Troon Golf Club
1924 - 1st transmission of radio Bloemendaal
1924 - Ford Motor Company manufactures its 10 millionth
Model T automobile
First Director of the FBI J. Edgar HooverFirst Director of
the FBI J. Edgar Hoover 1924 - J. Edgar Hoover assumed leadership of the FBI
1924 - Native Americans are proclaimed US citizens
1925 - Phila As go into bottom of 8th inning trailing 15-4,
then score 13 times to defeat Cleveland 17-15
1926 - 7th French government of Briand falls
1928 - Ty Cobb, 41, steals home for 50th & final time
1929 - 1st time NY curb stock exchange transacts more
business than NY Exch
1931 - Eddie Collins & Harry Heilmann, retire from
baseball
1931 - Poland & USSR sign friendship & trade treaty
1934 - Great Smokey Mountains National Park dedicated
1938 - 1st night game at Brooklyn Ebbets Field (Reds 6,
Dodgers 0) as Cin Red Johnny Vander Meer hurls unprecedented 2nd consecutive
no-hitter
1940 - 38 Italian Fiat bombers bomb Luc-en-Province
1940 - Bread & flour rationed in Holland
1940 - France surrenders to Hitler, German troops occupy
Paris
1940 - Soviet Army occupies Lithuania
1943 - Congress of racial Equality (CORE) forms
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf HitlerDictator of Nazi
Germany Adolf Hitler 1944 - US forces begin invasion of Saipan in Pacific
1945 - Dutch political party ANJV established in Concert
building, Amsterdam
1947 - 1st night game at Detroit Briggs Stadium (Tigers 4,
Athletics 1)
1947 - 47th US Golf Open: Lew Worsham shoots a 282 at St
Louis CC in MO
1948 - 1st night game at Briggs Stadium: Detroit Tigers beat
Phila A's
1948 - Bradman is out for a duck, but Australia win Test
Cricket anyway
1948 - WPIX TV channel 11 in NYC, NY (IND) begins
broadcasting
1948 - WTNH TV channel 8 in New Haven, CT (ABC) begins
broadcasting
1949 - Phils Eddie Waitkus, shot by Ruth Steinhagen, 19, at
Eddgewater Hotel
1950 - Dutch police seize condoms
1951 - 1st coml electronic computer dedicated Phila
1951 - Joe Louis scored his last knock out victory
1953 - Browns end Yankees win streak at 18 & Browns
14-game losing streak
1953 - Johnny Mize is 93rd player to get 2,000 hits
1953 - NYC Transit Authority forms
1953 - WLFI TV channel 18 in Lafayette, IN (CBS) begins
broadcasting
1954 - Great Britain's 2 biggest steel factories
nationalized
1954 - UEFA (Union des Associations Européennes de Football)
is formed in Basle, Switzerland.
1955 - Australia score 8-758 v West Indies at Kingston,
their best ever
1955 - The Eisenhower administration stages the first annual
"Operation Alert" (OPAL) exercise, an attempt to assess the USA's
preparations for a nuclear attack.
Musician and Beatle John LennonMusician and Beatle John
Lennon 1956 - John Lennon (15) & Paul McCartney (13) meet for 1st time as
Lennon's rock group Quarrymen perform at a church dinner
1957 - "Ziegfeld Follies of 1957" closes at Winter
Garden NYC after 123 perf
1957 - 42.01 cm (16.54") of rainfall, East St Louis,
Ill (state record)
1957 - 57th US Golf Open: Dick Mayer shoots a 282 at
Inverness Club in Toledo
1957 - 89th Belmont: Bill Shoemaker aboard Gallant Man wins
in 2:26.6
1957 - Yanks trade Billy Martin & Ralph Terry for Ryne
Duran
1958 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA Triangle Round Robin Golf
Tournament
1960 - Angel Cordero wins his 1st of over 7000 horse races
1960 - Argentina complains to UN about Israeli illicit
transfer of Eichmann
1961 - Expansion Wash Senators are 30-30, latest date an
expansion team will be at .500, Washington will lose their next 10 games
1962 - Phillies score 10 runs in an inning against Reds en
route to 13-8 win
1962 - South Africa passes a bill setting death penalty for
many crimes
1962 - WWUP TV channel 10 in Sault Ste Marie, MI (CBS)
begins broadcasting
1962 - Students for a Democratic Society complete the Port
Huron Statement.
1963 - "Sound of Music" closes at Lunt Fontanne
Theater NYC after 1443 perfs
1963 - "Sukiyaki" hits #1
1963 - Buddy Nobles runs world record marathon (2:14:28)
First Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-GurionFirst Israeli
Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion 1963 - Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion
resigns
1963 - SF Giants Juan Marichal no-hits Houston Colt .45s,
1-0
1964 - Last French troops leave Algeria
1965 - Bob Dylan records "Like a Rolling Stone"
1965 - Denny McLain in relief strikesout 1st 7 batters faced
& record 14 in 6 2/3 innings, Bill Freehan ties catcher record of 19
putouts
1965 - South Africa begins economic boycott of Dutch
products
1967 - Governor Reagan signs liberalized California abortion
bill
1968 - "How Now, Dow Jones" closes at Lunt
Fontanne NYC after 220 perfs
1968 - "I Do! I Do!" closes at 46th St Theater NYC
after 561 performances
1968 - "New Faces of 1965" closes at Booth Theater
NYC after 52 performances
1968 - 15th Curtis Cup: US wins 10½-7½ at Royal County Down
Golf Club (Newcastle, Northern Ireland)
1968 - John Lennon & Yoko Ono plant an acorn at
Conventry Cathedral
1968 - "Yummy Yummy Yummy" by Ohio Express hits #4
1969 - "Hee Haw" with Roy Clark & Buck Owens
premieres on CBS TV
1969 - 69th US Golf Open: Orville Moody shoots a 281 at Champs
GC in Houston
Artist & Musician Yoko OnoArtist & Musician Yoko Ono
1969 - Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Patty Berg Golf Classic
1969 - Mets help their power needs by adding 1st baseman
Donn Clendenon
1970 - 16th LPGA Championship won by Shirley Englehorn
1971 - Vernon E Jordan Jr, appointed exec director of
National Urban League
1972 - Rock fall inside Vierzy Tunnel (France) causes 2
train crash; 107 die
1972 - West German police arrested RAF leader Ulrike Meinhof
1973 - "American Graffiti" opens in NYC
1974 - "Streak" by Ray Stevens hit #1 on UK pop
chart
1975 - 45th French Mens Tennis: Bjorn Borg beats Guillermo
Vilas (62 63 64)
1975 - Carol Mann wins Lawson's LPGA Golf Classic
1976 - Yankees trade May, Martinez, Pagan, MacGregor &
Demsey to Baltimore for Holtzman, Alexander, Grant Jackson, Elrod Henrick &
Jim Freeman
1976 - Rain out! Astrodome cancels game heavy rains make it
difficult for visiting team & umpires to get through flooded streets to the
stadium
1977 - NY Mets trade Tom Seaver to Reds for Pat Zachry
1977 - Spain's 1st free elections since 1936 (41 years)
1977 - Wim Polak becomes mayor of Amsterdam
Tennis Player Björn BorgTennis Player Björn Borg 1978 -
Belgian government resigns
1978 - Italy's pres Leone resigns due to Lockheed affair
1978 - Soyuz 29 carries 2 cosmonauts to Salyut 6; they stay
139 days
1979 - 1st space shuttle SRB qualification test firing; 122
seconds
1980 - "Fearless Frank" opens at Princess Theater
NYC for 12 performances
1980 - 80th US Golf Open: Jack Nicklaus shoots a 272 at
Baltusrol GC NJ
1980 - Dale Lundquis wins LPGA Boston Five Golf Classic
1980 - Jorge Orta of Cleveland gets 6 hits in a baseball
game
1982 - Riots in Argentina after Falklands/Malvinas defeat
1982 - Supreme Court rules all children, regardless of
citizenship, are entitled to a public education
1983 - Cards trade Keith Hernandez to Mets for Neil Allen
& Rick Ownbey
1983 - Supreme Court struck down state & local
restrictions on abortion
1984 - "Thicke Of The Night" TV Talk Show last
airs in syndication
1984 - Thomas Hearns KOs Roberto Duran
1984 - Vitesse soccer team forms in Arnhem
1985 - "Pryor's Place" children's show last airs
on CBS-TV
1985 - En route to Halley's Comet, USSR's Vega 2 drops
lander on Venus
1985 - Pinklon Thomas KOs Mike Weaver in 8 for heavyweight
boxing title
1985 - Russian space probe Vega 2 lands on Venus
1985 - Rembrandt's painting Danaë is attacked by a man later
judged insane; he threw sulfuric acid on the canvas and cut it twice with his
knife.
1986 - 86th US Golf Open: Ray Floyd shoots a 279 at
Shinnecock Hills GC NY
1986 - Juli Inkster wins LPGA Lady Keystone Golf Open
1986 - Pravda announces high-level Chernobyl staff fired for
stupidity
1986 - Raymond Floyd wins US Open golf tournament
1987 - Bettino Craxi's Socialist Party wins election in
Italy
1987 - Michael Spinks TKOs Gerry Cooney in 5 for heavyweight
boxing title
1988 - NASA launches space vehicle S-213
1988 - Turkish premier Özal meets Greek premier Papandreou
in Athens
1989 - Balt Orioles pull their 9th triple play (vs Yankees)
1990 - "Dick Tracy" with Warren Beatty &
Madonna premieres
1991 - Carolyn Tanny & Bob Trischel wed
1991 - Climactic eruption of the Mount Pinatubo volcano in
the Philippines
1991 - Birth of the first federal political party in Canada
that supports Quebec nationalism, le Bloc Québécois.
1992 - 1st Berlin Air Show in 60 years
1992 - Erie Sailors (Fla Marlin farm team) 1st game beat Jamestown
6-5 in 13
1992 - Ghana Airways inaugurates flights to JFK Airport
(NYC)
1992 - Jeff Reardon breaks Rollie Fingers' save record with
#342
1992 - Dan Quayle, relying on faulty card, erroneously
instructs Trenton NJ, elementary student to spell "potato,"
"potatoe" during spelling bee
1994 - Disney's "Lion King" opens in theaters with
$42 million
1994 - NY Giants cut quarterback Phil Simms
1994 - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, sworn in as Supreme Court
Justice
1995 - "Chronicles of a Death Foretold" opens at
Plymouth NYC for 55 perfs
1995 - Mark Ilott takes 9-19 incl all lbw hat-trick, Essex v
Northants
1995 - Northants all out 46 v Essex & wins game next day
1996 - IRA bomb in Manchester wrecks city centre at 11.17am,
injuring 200
1997 - "Little Foxes" closes at Vivian Beaumont
Theater NYC after 56 perfs
1997 - 97th US Golf Open: Ernie Els shoots a 276
Congressional CC Bethesda Md
1997 - British model Naomi Campbell hospitalized due to drug
overdose
1997 - Danielle Ammaccapane wins Edina Realty LPGA Classic
1997 - Du Mauier Senior Golf Champions
1998 - 32nd Music City News Country Awards: Neal McCoy,
Lorrie Morgan & Billy Ray Cyrus wins
2001 - 55th NBA Championship: Los Angeles Lakers beat
Philadelphia 76ers, 4 games to 1
2002 - Near earth asteroid 2002 MN missed the Earth by
75,000 miles (120,000 km), about one-third of the distance between the Earth
and the Moon
2003 - 57th NBA Championship: San Antonio Spurs beat New
Jersey Nets, 4 games to 2
2003 - 103rd US Golf Open: Jim Furyk shoots a 272 at Olympia
Fields CC IL
2004 - 58th NBA Championship: Detroit Pistons beat Los
Angeles Lakers, 4 games to 1
Supermodel & Actress Naomi CampbellSupermodel &
Actress Naomi Campbell 2008 - 62nd Tony Awards: In the Heights & August:
Osage County win
2012 - Apple I computer sells for a record $374,500
2012 - Five Dutch banks, including ING, receive credit
rating downgrades of one or two notches
1215 - King John of England put his seal on the Magna Carta. 1381 - The English peasant revolt was crushed in London. 1389 - Ottoman Turks crushed Serbia in the Battle of Kosovo. 1607 - Colonists in North America completed James Fort in Jamestown, VA. 1667 - Jean-Baptiste Denys administered the first fully-documented human blood transfusion. He successfully transfused the blood of a sheep to a 15-year old boy. 1752 - Benjamin Franklin experimented by flying a kite during a thunderstorm. The result was a little spark that showed the relationship between lightning and electricity. 1775 - George Washington was appointed head of the Continental Army by the Second Continental Congress. 1836 - Arkansas became the 25th U.S. state. 1844 - Charles Goodyear was granted a patent for the process that strengthens rubber. 1846 - The United States and Britain settled a boundary dispute concerning the boundary between the U.S. and Canada, by signing a treaty. 1864 - An order to establish a military burial ground was signed by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. The location later became known as Arlington National Cemetery. 1866 - Prussia attacked Austria. 1877 - Henry O. Flipper became the first African American to graduate from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. 1898 - The U.S. House of representatives approved the annexation of Hawaii. 1909 - Benjamin Shibe patented the cork center baseball. 1911 - The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Co. was incorporated in the state of New York. The company was later renamed International Business Machines (IBM) Corp. 1916 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signed a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America. 1917 - Great Britain pledged the release of all the Irish captured during the Easter Rebellion of 1916. 1919 - Captain John Alcock and Lt. Arthur W. Brown won $50,000 for successfully completing the first, non-stop trans-Atlantic plane flight. 1938 - Johnny Vandemeer (Cincinnati Reds) pitched his second straight no-hitter. 1940 - The French fortress of Verdun was captured by Germans. 1944 - American forces began their successful invasion of Saipan during World War II. 1947 - The All-Indian Congress accepted a British plan for the partition of India. 1948 - Soviet authorities announced that the Autobahn would be closed indefinitely "for repairs." 1958 - Greece severed military ties to Turkey because of the Cypress issue. 1964 - The last French troops left Algeria. 1978 - King Hussein of Jordan married 26-year-old American Lisa Halaby, who became Queen Noor. 1981 - The U.S. agreed to provide Pakistan with $3 billion in military and economic aid from October 1982 to October 1987. 1982 - In the capital city of Stanley, the Falklands war ended as Argentine troops surrendered to the British. 1983 - The U.S. Supreme Court reinforced its position on abortion by striking down state and local restriction on abortions. 1986 - Pravda, the Communist Party newspaper, reported that the chief engineer of the Chernobyl nuclear plant was dismissed for mishandling the incident at the plant. 1992 - It was ruled by the U.S. Supreme Court that the government could kidnap criminal suspects from foreign countries for prosecution. 1992 - U.S. Vice President Dan Quayle instructed a student to spell "potato" with an "e" on the end during a spelling bee. He had relied on a faulty flash card that had been written by the student's teacher. 1994 - Israel and the Vatican established full diplomatic relations. 1999 - South Korean naval forces sank a North Korean torpedo boat during an exchange in the disputed Yellow Sea.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/jun15.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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