Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
On this day in 314, the Battle at Cibalae was fought, when Emperor Constantine defeated Emperor Licinius. In 451 on this day, the Council of Chalcedon (4th ecumenical council) opened. The Battle at Andernach was fought on this day in 876, when Louis the Young beat Charles the Bare. Dmitar Zvonimir was crowned King of Croatia on this day in 1075. On this day in 1085, San Marcos minstery in Venice was initiated. In 1480 on this day, Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which resulted in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration of the Horde. On this day in 1492, the fleed of Columbus was about 400 sea miles from Puerto Rico. San Marino adopted a constitution on this day in 1600. In 1604 on this day, the Supernova "Kepler's nova" was first sighted Admiral George Villiers' fleet sailed from Plymouth to Cadiz on this day in 1625. Massachusetts Bay Colony formed its first government on this day in 1633. In 1690 on this day, Ottoman troops occupied Belgrade. French hijacker Jacques Cassard was seen on the Suriname coast on this day in 1712. In 1740 on this day, Chinese assault on Diestpoort Batavia. On this day in 1769, Captain James Cook became the first European to land in New Zealand (Poverty Bay). Officers decided to bar slaves & free blacks from Continental Army on this day in 1775. On this day in 1806, British forces laid siege to French port of Boulogne using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve. On this day in 1813, the Treaty of Ried was signed between Bayern & Austria.
1815 - Joachim Murats forces lands at Pizzo Italy
Captain/Explorer James CookCaptain/Explorer James Cook 1818 - 2 English boxers are 1st to use padded gloves
1821 - The government of General José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy.
1822 - 1st eruption of Galunggung (Java) sends boiling sludge into valley
1835 - Charles Darwin reaches James Island, Galapagos archipelago, on HMS Beagle
1840 - 1st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
1856 - The Second Opium War or 2nd Anglo-Chinese War: begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.
1860 - Telegraph line between LA & SF opens
1862 - Battle of Perryville, KY-Confederate invasion halted
1862 - Otto von Bismarck becomes chancellor of the German Empire
1865 - Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
1871 - Gas explosion destroys Peshtigo, Wisconsin
1871 - Great Fire kills 200, destroys over 4 square miles (10 square km) of Chicago buildings, & original Emancipation Proclamation
1873 - 1st women's prison run by women opens at Indiana Reformatory Institute
1879 - War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos, Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter.
1886 - Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Noble Bachelor" (BG)
Politician Otto Von BismarckPolitician Otto Von Bismarck 1887 - Phillies set club record 16th straight victory
1892 - Sergei Rachmaninoff 1st performs "Prelude in C-sharp-Minor" in Moscow
1895 - Ohio Valley Improvement Association forms
1896 - Dow Jones starts reporting an average of selected industrial stocks
1897 - Emperor Karl Joseph I named Gustav Mahler director of Opera
1898 - 1st Canadian Intercollegiate football game: McGill beats Queen's, 3-2
1903 - J M Synge's "In the Shadow of the Glen," premieres in Dublin
1904 - 1st Vanderbilt Cup auto race (Hicksville, Long Island, NY)
1906 - Karl Nessler demonstrates 1st 'permanent wave' for hair, in London
1908 - NY Giants set season attendance record at 910,000 (broken in 1920)
1909 - Chicago Cubs beat NY Giants 4-2 in a playoff to win NL pennant
1912 - Montenegro declares war on Turkey, beginning 1st Balkan War
1915 - Battle of Loos, almost 430,000 French, British & Germans killed
1915 - Phillies win their 1st & only World Series game before 1980, beating
1915 - Red Sox, 3-1, with an 8th inning 2 run rally
1917 - Trotski named chairman of Petrograd Soviet
1918 - Sgt Alvin York single-handedly kills 25, captures 132 Germans
1922 - NY Giants beat Yankees, 4 games to 0, with a tie in 19th World Series
1924 - British Labour government of Ramsay MacDonald falls to Conservatives
1927 - NY Yankees sweep Pirates in 24th World Series
1927 - Sea battle at Navarino (Greece freed of Ottoman occupation)
1928 - Cole Porter & E Ray Goetz' musical "Paris," premieres in NYC
1928 - Eastern Soccer League forms in US
1928 - Joseph Szigeti debuted Alfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.
1929 - A's Howard Ehmke (7-2) sets World Series record striking out 13 Cubs
1929 - Mohammed Nadir Khan occupies Kabul Afghanistan/drives out H Ghazi
1930 - Phila A's beat St Louis Cards, 4 games to 2 in 27th World Series
1932 - The Indian Air Force is established.
1933 - Coit Tower dedicated in SF, a monument to firefighters
1933 - Martinez Barrios forms new Spanish government
1934 - Bruno Hauptmann is indicted for murder of Lindbergh's son
Playwright Moss HartPlaywright Moss Hart 1938 - G Kaufman & Moss Hart's "Fabulous Invalid," premieres in NYC
1939 - Germany annexes Western Poland
1939 - NY Yankees sweep Reds in 36th World Series, 4th straight WS win
1940 - Cin Reds beat Detroit Tigers, 4 games to 3, in 37th World Series
1940 - German troops occupies Romania
1941 - Concentration camp Birkenau begins being built
1942 - Fight at Matanikau, Guadalcanal (John Hersey-Into the Valley)
1943 - Great Britain establishes bases on Azores
1944 - "Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet" debut on CBS radio
1944 - Samuel Barber's "Capricorn Concerto," premieres
1945 - Harry Truman announced atomic bomb secret shared with Britain and Canada
1946 - Kwo-less-shrew selects Gen Chiang Kai-shek as president of China
1946 - Milt plane crashes at Christian HBS, 24 die
1950 - 4th NHL All-Star Game: Detroit beat All-Stars 7-1 at Detroit
1950 - Cleveland Browns play Pittsburgh for 1st time, beat Steelers 30-17
33rd US President Harry Truman33rd US President Harry Truman 1951 - "Music in the Air" opens at Ziegfeld Theater NYC for 56 performances
1951 - Ford C Frick replaces Happy Chandler as 3rd commissioner of baseball Warren C Giles becomes president of baseball's National League
1952 - Chinese offensive in Korea
1952 - Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash kills 112 people.
1953 - Birmingham Alabama, bars Jackie Robinson's Negro-White All-Stars from playing there Robinson gives in & drops white players from his group
1953 - WTAP TV channel 15 in Parkersburg-Marietta, WV (NBC) begins
1955 - World's most powerful aircraft carrier, USS Saratoga, launched
1956 - Don Larsen, NY, pitches only perfect World Series game, vs Brooklyn
1957 - Brooklyn Dodgers announce move to Los Angeles
1957 - Procter & Gamble-director N McElroy becomes US Min of Defense
1957 - Soviet spy Jack Sobel sentenced to 7 years (NYC)
1957 - Turkish & Syrian border guards exchange fire
1958 - Braves Eddie Mathews strikes out for World Series record 11th time
1958 - Dr Ake Senning installs 1st pacemaker (Stockholm)
1958 - KCMT TV channel 7 in Alexandria, MN (CBS/NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
Baseball Player Jackie RobinsonBaseball Player Jackie Robinson 1958 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1959 - "At the Drop of a Hat" opens at John Golden Theater NYC for 216 perfs
1959 - Conservatives win British general election
1959 - LA Dodgers beat Chicago White Sox, 4 games to 2 in 56th World Series
1960 - Bobby Richarson hits a World Series grand slammer
1961 - Betsy Rawls wins LPGA Bill Brannin's Swing Parade Golf Tournament
1961 - US Constellation crashes at Richmond Virginia, 74 die
1961 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1961 - Whitey Ford breaks Babe Ruth's World Series record of 29 2/3 consecutive scoreless innings, running his streak to 32
1962 - Algeria admitted as 109th member of UN
1962 - N Korea reports 100% election turnout, 100% vote for Workers' Party
1962 - Spiegel scandal: Der Spiegel publishes the article "Bedingt abwehrbereit" ("Conditionally prepared for defense") about a NATO manoeuver called "Fallex 62", which uncovered the sorry state of the Bundeswehr (Germany's army) facing the communist threat from the east at the time. The magazine was soon accused of treason.
1963 - Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland possessions to Kenya
1964 - Gilroy Roberts becomes 1st US chief engraver to retire (than die)
1964 - Ringo Starr takes & passes his driving test
Beatles Drummer Ringo StarrBeatles Drummer Ringo Starr 1965 - Djakarta Moslems set fire to PKI-headquarter
1965 - Post Office Tower opens in London, tallest building in England
1965 - Once-Hertogenbosch soccer team FC de Bosch forms
1965 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1966 - Wyoming's Jerry DePoyster kicks 3 field goals over 50 yds (54, 54, 52)
1967 - Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
1968 - Dutch aircraft carrier Karel Doorman (formerly Britsh HMS Venerable) sold to Argentina
1969 - The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
1970 - Soviet author Alexander I Solzhenitsyn wins Nobel Prize for Literature
1971 - John Lennon releases his megahit "Imagine"
1971 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1972 - "From Israel with Love" closes at Palace Theater NYC after 8 perfs
1972 - Harold Carmichael begins NFL streak of 127 consecutive game receptions
1972 - In Game 2 of ALCS, A's Bert Campaneris fires his bat at Det pitcher
1972 - Lerrin LaGrow Campy, who had been hit by a pitch, is fined & suspended
Musician and Beatle John LennonMusician and Beatle John Lennon 1973 - NLCS game 3 brawl between Cins' Pete Rose & NY Met Bud Harrelson
1973 - Spyris Markezinis forms government in Greece
1974 - Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it was the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
1976 - Sex Pistols sign with EMI
1977 - Largest baseball crowd in Penns, 64,924 see Dodgers beat Phillies 4-1 in 4th NL championship game (Dodgers win pennant)
1978 - Ken Warby set world water speed record at 319.627 mph (514 kph)
1978 - Yanks win 3rd straight AL Championship, all against Kansas City
1979 - "Sugar Babies" opens at Mark Hellinger Theater NYC for 1208 perfs
1979 - 13th Country Music Association Award:[Approx]
1979 - J McHugh & A Malvin's musical "Sugar Babies," premieres in NYC
1980 - After playing two shows at the Madison Square Garden, Bob Marley collapsed in Central Park while jogging, brought to Sloan-Kettering Hospital
1980 - British Leyland starts selling Mini Metro
1980 - USSR & Syria sign peace treaty
1980 - USSR performs nuclear test
1981 - 1st broadcast of "Cagney & Lacey" on ABC-TV
Reggae Musician Bob MarleyReggae Musician Bob Marley 1981 - USAC appeals panel restores disputed Indy 500 victory to Bobby Unser
1981 - President Reagan greeted predecessors Jimmy Carter, Gerald R Ford & Richard Nixon before sending them to Egypt for Anwar Sadat's funeral
1982 - NJ Devils 1st victory, beating NY Rangers 3-2 at Meadowlands
1982 - Poland bans Solidarity & all labor unions
1983 - 1st regular season Islander OT game beat Caps 8-7
1983 - Washington Capitals 1st NHL overtime game losing to NY Islanders 8-7
1984 - 18th Country Music Association Award: Alabama wins
1985 - "Rembrandt & Hitler or Me" premieres in Amsterdam
1985 - Alain Boubil/Herbert Kretzner's "Les Miserables," premieres in London
1985 - Little Richard seriously injured in a car accident
1986 - Mike Scott ties playoff record of 14 strikeouts, beats Mets 1-0
1986 - RUN DMC calls for a day of peace among LA street gangs
1988 - Fire in Seattle's Space Needle causes evacuation, $2,000 damage
1988 - Jay Howell ejected in NLCS game 3 for having pine tar on his glove
1989 - Oakland beats Toronto, 4-3 in Game 5, to advance to the World Series
38th US President Gerald Ford38th US President Gerald Ford 1990 - 24th Country Music Association Award: George Strait wins
1990 - Israeli police kill 17 Palestinian rioters
1990 - US doctors Joseph E Murray & E Donnall Thomas win Nobel Prize
1991 - The Croatian Parliament cuts all remaining ties with Yugoslavia
1992 - Nobel Prize for literature is given to West Indies poet Derek Walcott
1992 - Ottawa Sentors 1st NHL game
1992 - Pioneer Venus Orbiter (1st Venus orbiter-1978), crashes into Venus
1993 - Howard Stern releases his 1st book "Private Parts"
1993 - UN lifts remaining economic sanctions against South Africa
1994 - BPAA US Women's Bowling Open won by Aleta Sill
1995 - Dolphin's Dan Marino breaks Tarkenton's NFL career completions record
1995 - Edgar Martinez drives home tying & winning runs to rally Mariners to 6-5 win in bottom of 11th to beat Yankees & win AL Division Series
1998 - Oslo Gardermoen airport opening after the close down of Fornebu.
1999 - New Coligny Calendar, NCC, The beginning of a new era of the Coligny calendar, the oldest material Celtic calendar.
2001 - U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
43rd US President George W. Bush43rd US President George W. Bush 2001 - A twin engine Cessna and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy killing 118.
2005 - The Kashmir earthquake hits parts of northern South Asia at 03:50 UTC.
2012 - 35 people are killed by a Nigerian military bomb struck a convoy in Maiduguri
2012 - Hugo Chávez is re-elected as president of Venezuela for a fourth term
2012 - Mustafa A.G. Abushagur, the first elected Libyan Prime Minister, is voted out of office by the Libyan parliament
2012 - John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka win the 2012 Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on reprogramming end stage cells to become pluripotent
1895 - The Berliner Gramophone Company was founded in Philadelphia, PA. 1904 - "Little Johnny Jones" opened in Hartford, CT. 1915 - During World War I, the Battle of Loos concluded. 1918 - U.S. Corporal Alvin C. York almost single-handedly killed 25 German soldiers and captured 132 in the Argonne Forest in France. York had originally tried to avoid being drafted as a conscientious objector. After this event his was promoted to sergeant and was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor. 1919 - The first transcontinental air race in the U.S. began. 1935 - "The O’Neills" debuted on CBS radio. 1938 - The cover of "The Saturday Evening Post" portrayed Norman Rockwell. 1944 - "The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet" debuted on CBS radio. 1945 - U.S. President Truman announced that only Britain and Canada would be given the secret to the atomic bomb. 1950 - U.N. forces crossed into North Korea from South Korea. 1952 - "The Complete Book of Etiquette" was published for the first time. 1956 - Donald James Larsen (New York Yankees) pitched the first perfect game in the history of the World Series. 1957 - The Brooklyn Baseball Club announced that it had accepted a deal to move the Dodgers to Los Angeles. 1966 - The U.S. Government declared that LSD was dangerous and an illegal substance. 1970 - Soviet author Alexander Solzhenitsyn won the Nobel Prize for literature. 1979 - "Sugar Babies" opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre on Broadway. 1981 - U.S. President Reagan greeted former Presidents Carter, Ford and Nixon to the White House. The group was preparing to leave for Egypt to attend the funeral of Anwar Sadat. 1982 - In Poland, all labor organizations, including Solidarity, were banned. 1991 - A slave burial site was found by construction workers in lower Manhattan. The "Negro Burial Ground" had been closed in 1790. Over a dozen skeletons were found. 1993 - The U.S. government issued a report absolving the FBI of any wrongdoing in its final assault in Waco, TX, on the Branch Davidian compound. The fire that ended the siege killed as many as 85 people. 1996 - Pope John Paul II underwent a successful operation to remove his inflamed appendix. 1998 - Taliban forces attacked Iranian border posts. Iran said that three border posts were destroyed before the Taliban forces were forced to retreat. The Taliban of Afghanistan denied the event occurred. 1998 - Canada and Netherlands were voted into the U.N. Security Council. 2001 - Tom Ridge, former Governor of Pennsylvania, was sworn in as director of the new U.S. department of Homeland Security. 2001 - Rush Limbaugh announced to his listeners that he was totally deaf in his left ear and had only partial hearing in his right ear. The condition had happened in a three month period. 2001 - Two Russian cosmonauts made the first spacewalk to be conducted outside of the international space station without a shuttle present. 2002 - A federal judge approved U.S. President George W. Bush's request to reopen West Coast ports, to end a caustic 10-day labor lockout. The lockout was costing the U.S. economy an estimated $1 billion to $2 billion a day. 2003 - China announced that it would have a human crew orbit the Earth briefly on October 15. 2003 - Vietnam and the United States reached a tentative agreement that would allow the first commercial flights between the two countries since the end of the Vietnam War. 2003 - It was announced that Vivendi Universal and General Electric Co. had reached an agreement to merge. The name for the combined company was NBC Universal. 2003 - Siegfried Fischbacher and his manager announced that the "Siegfried and Roy" show at the Mirage was canceled permanently. It was also said that if Roy Horn survived, after a tiger attack on October 3, the duo would continue to work together. 2004 - The first-ever direct presidential elections were held in Afghanistan.
1869 The 14th president of the United States, Franklin Pierce, died in Concord, N.H. 1871 The Great Fire of Chicago started. That same day in Peshtigo, Wis., the worst forest fire in U.S. history also began. 1934 Bruno Hauptmannn was indicted for the murder of Charles Lindbergh's baby. 1945 President Harry Truman announced the U.S. would share the secret of the atomic bomb only with Great Britain and Canada. 1956 Don Larsen of the New York Yankees pitched the first and only perfect game in a World Series. 2004 Martha Stewart began her prison sentence at Alderson Federal Prison Camp. 2005 A 7.6 magnitude earthquake centered in the Pakistani-controlled part of the Kashmir region killed more than 80,000 and injured 65,000.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct08.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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