http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Oct 7, 1940: German troops enter Romania
On this day in 1940, Hitler occupies Romania as part of his strategy of creating an unbroken Eastern front to menace the Soviet Union.
As early as 1937, Romania had come under the control of a fascist government that bore great resemblance to that of Germany's, including similar anti-Jewish laws. Romania's king, Carol II, dissolved the government a year later because of a failing economy and installed Romania's Orthodox Patriarch as prime minister. But the Patriarch's death and a peasant uprising provoked renewed agitation by the fascist Iron Guard paramilitary organization, which sought to impose order. In June 1940, the Soviet Union co-opted two Romanian provinces, and the king searched for an ally to help protect it and appease the far right within its own borders. So on July 5, 1940, Romania allied itself with Nazi Germany-only to be invaded by its "ally" as part of Hitler's strategy to create one huge eastern front against the Soviet Union.
King Carol abdicated on September 6, 1940, leaving the country in the control of fascist Prime Minister Ion Antonescu and the Iron Guard. While Romania would recapture the territory lost to the Soviet Union when the Germans invaded Russia, it would also have to endure the Germans' raping its resources as part of the Nazi war effort. Nevertheless, with German troops now occupying his nation, Antonescu would go on to sign the Tripartite (Axis) Pact in November, tying Romania to the military machinations of not only Germany, but Italy and Japan
Oct 7, 1949: East Germany created
Less than five months after Great Britain, the United States, and France established the Federal Republic of Germany in West Germany, the Democratic Republic of Germany is proclaimed within the Soviet occupation zone. Criticized by the West as an un-autonomous Soviet creation, Wilhelm Pieck was named East Germany's first president, with Otto Grotewohl as prime minister.
Approximately half the size of West Germany, East Germany consisted of the German states of Mecklenburg, Brandenburg, Lusatia, Saxony, and Thuringia. Berlin, the former German capital, remained divided between West and East German authorities, even though it was situated deep within the communist Democratic Republic of Germany. East Germany ceased to exist in 1990, when its land and people were absorbed into the democratic Federal Republic of Germany.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
3761 BC - The epoch (origin) of the modern Hebrew calendar (Proleptic Julian calendar).
336 - Pope Saint Mark's death ends his reign as Catholic Pope leaving the papacy vacant
1492 - Columbus misses Florida when he changes course
1506 - Pope Julius II & France occupy Bologna
1513 - Battle of La Motta: Spanish troops under Ramón de Cardona defeat the Venetians.
1520 - 1st public burning of books in Netherlands, in Louvain
1542 - Explorer Cabrillo discovered Catalina Island off California coast
1571 - Battle at Lepanto: Saint League (Spain & Italy) destroys Turkish fleet
1637 - Prince Frederik Henry occupies Breda
1690 - English attack Quebec under Louis de Buade
1702 - English/Dutch troops under Marlborough occupy Roermond
1714 - People riot due to beer tax in Alkmaar Neth
1737 - 40 foot waves sink 20,000 small craft & kill 300,000 (Bengal, India)
1763 - George III of Great Britain issues Proclamation of 1763, closing lands in North America north & west of Alleghenies to white settlement
1765 - Stamp Act Congress convenes in NY
1777 - Americans beat British in 2nd Battle of Saratoga& amp; Battle of Bemis Heights
1780 - British defeated by American militia near Kings Mountain, SC
1806 - Carbon paper patented in London by inventor Ralph Wedgewood
1816 - 1st double decked steamboat, Washington, arrives in New Orleans
The Warrior Pope Julius IIThe Warrior Pope Julius II 1825 - Miramichi Fire, disaster in New Brunswick
1826 - Granite Railway (1st chartered railway in US) begins operations
1828 - The city of Patras, Greece is liberated by the French expeditionary force in Peloponnese under General Maison.
1840 - Willem I resigns as king of Netherlands
1856 - Cyrus Chambers Jr patents folding machine that folds book & newspapers
1864 - -Oct 13th) Battle of Darbytown Road, VA
1864 - Naval Engagement at Bahia Harbor Brazil-CSS Florida vs USS Wachusett
1868 - Cornell University (Ithaca NY) opens
1870 - Leon Gambetta flees Paris in balloon
1871 - 16-hour fire injures 30 of Chicago's 185 firefighters
1879 - Germany & Austrian-Hungary sign Twofold Covenant
1882 - 1st World Series (game 2), Chicago (NL) beats Cincinnati (AA) 2-0
1886 - Spain abolishes slavery in Cuba
1900 - The term "orienteering" is 1st used for an event
1904 - NY Highlander Jack Chesbro wins record 41st game of season (41-12)
1907 - France's Henry Farman flies 30m in a double decker plane
1908 - Crete revolts against Turkey & aligns with Greece
1908 - Serbia & Montenegro sign anti-Austria-Hungarian pact
1912 - The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction.
Ford Motor Company Founder Henry FordFord Motor Company Founder Henry Ford 1913 - Henry Ford institutes moving assembly line
1915 - Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland College 222-0 in football (record)
1916 - 222 points are scored in a football game between Georgia Tech & Cumberland University of Lebanon, Tennessee
1919 - 1st London-Amsterdam airline service (British Aerial Transport & KLM)
1919 - Fritz Kreisler & F Jacobi's "Apple Blossoms," premieres in NYC
1919 - KLM, Netherlands Airlines, established (oldest existing airline)
1922 - 1st radio link, WNJ (Newark) & WGY (Senectady) link for World Series
1922 - Landis insists Game 4 of World Series be played despite heavy rain
1922 - Oud-burgem of Rotterdam Zimmerman becomes High Comm's of Austria
1923 - Yankees Everett Scott runs his consecutive-game streak to 1,138
1924 - Greek government of Dikalekopoulis, forms
1926 - Actress Theo Mann-Master resigns from stage
1926 - Italian Great Fascist Council forms
1927 - Yank Herb Pennock retires 1st 22 Pirates in World Series game
1928 - Paavo Nurmi runs world record 10 miles (50:15.0)
1928 - Race Tafari Makonnen crowned king of Abyssinia
1929 - Ramsay MacDonald is 1st British premier to address US Congress
1931 - 1st infra-red photograph, Rochester, NY
1933 - NY Giants beat Washington Senators, 4 games to 1 in 30th World Series
1935 - Detroit Tigers beat Chicago Cubs, 4 games to 2 in 32nd World Series
1935 - Himmler/Hess/Heydrich bezichtigen concentration camp Dachau
1936 - 7th-place Brooklyn Dodgers fire manager Casey Stengel
1937 - Johan Wagenaar's "Feestmars" premieres in Amsterdam
1938 - Germany requires all Jewish passports be stamped with letter J
1940 - Reds Bucky Walters is 1st pitcher in 14 years to homer in World Series
1940 - World War II: the McCollum memo proposes bringing the U.S. into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the United States.
1941 - German army occupies Viarma, USSR
1942 - 1 salvo Katjoesja-rocket destroys nazi battalion in Stalingrad
1942 - Last camouflaged German raider Komet leaves Flushing harbor (Neth)
1942 - Maxwell Andersons "Eve of St Mark," premieres in NYC
1942 - US & British government announce establishment of United Nations
1942 - Yvon Robert beats Bill Longson in Montreal, to become wrestling champ
1943 - Weill/Perelman/Nash' musical "One Touch of Venus," premieres in NYC
1944 - Allies bombs sea dikes at Vlissingen
German WWII Field Marshal Erwin RommelGerman WWII Field Marshal Erwin Rommel 1944 - Field Marshal Erwin Rommel ordered to return to Berlin
1944 - Riots in Amersfoort/Utrecht/Strugle
1944 - Uprising at Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, Jews burn down crematoriums
1945 - Dutch author A M de Jong's murderer Ton van Gog escapes
1946 - Charles Ives' 2nd string quartet, premieres
1947 - Larry MacPhail resigns as Yank GM after final game of World Series
1949 - German Democratic Republic formed from Russian occupation zone (National Day). Wilhelm Pieck becomes 1st president, Otto Greatwohl becomes 1st premier
1950 - NY Yankees sweep Philadelphia Phillies in 47th World Series
1950 - US forces invade Korea by crossing 38th parallel
1950 - Walter Bedell Smith replaces Roscoe H Hillenkoetter as 4th CIA head
1950 - Whitey Ford wins his 1st World Series game, 5-2
1950 - William H Jackson, becomes deputy director of CIA
1950 - Yanks win 13th world championship sweeping Phillies
1951 - David Ben-Gurion forms Israeli government
1952 - NY Yankees beat Dodgers 4 games to 3 in 49th World Series
First Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-GurionFirst Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion 1952 - 1st "Bandstand" broadcast in Philadelphia on WFIL-TV (Dick Clark joins in 1955 as a substitute-host)
1952 - Yankees tie their own record of 4 consecutive World Series wins
1953 - Bill Veeck tells Browns stockholders he faces bankruptcy unless they drop their suit to block his move to Baltimore, they comply
1954 - Hassan el Hodeiby, leader of Moslem brothership, arrested in Egypt
1954 - Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Ad Sinarum gentem
1955 - Aircraft carrier USS Saratoga launched at Brooklyn
1955 - Beat poet Allen Ginsberg reads his poem "Howl" for the first time at a poetry reading in San Francisco.
1956 - Mary Lena Faulk wins LPGA Heart of America Golf Open
1957 - "American Bandstand" premieres
1957 - KOAC TV channel 7 in Corvallis, OR (PBS) begins broadcasting
1957 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA Heart of America Golf Invitational
1958 - Potter Stewart appointed to US Supreme Court
1958 - US manned space-flight project renamed Project Mercury
1959 - "Happy Town" opens at 84th St Theater NYC for 5 performances
1959 - Far side of Moon seen for 1st time, compliments of USSR's Luna 3
Beat Poet Allen GinsbergBeat Poet Allen Ginsberg 1960 - "Route 66" premieres
1960 - 2nd JFK & Richard Nixon debate
1961 - "Bye Bye Birdie" closes at Martin Beck Theater NYC after 607 perfs
1961 - 15th NHL All-Star Game: All-Stars beat Chicago 3-1 at Chicago
1962 - 8th LPGA Championship won by Judy Kimball
1962 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1963 - Bobby Baker resigns as Senate Democratic secretary
1963 - Hurricane Flora hits Haiti & Dominican Republic, kills 7,190
1963 - JFK signs ratification for nuclear test ban treaty
1964 - NY Yankees make 14th appearance in last 16 & 29th in 61 World Series
1965 - Charles Linster does 6,006 consecutive push-ups
1965 - 50 mph gust helps Robert Mitera ace 447-yd 10th hole at Miracle Hills, Omaha, Nebr to score world's longest straight hole-in-one
1967 - Beatles turn down $1 million NY concert offer by Sid Berstein
1967 - Rolf Hochhuth's "Soldaten," premieres in West Berlin
1968 - Motion Picture Association of America adopts film rating system
US President John F. KennedyUS President John F. Kennedy 1969 - WJMN TV channel 3 in Escanaba, MI (ABC/NBC) begins broadcasting
1971 - Disney World opens in Orlando, Florida
1971 - T McNally's "Where has Tommy Flowers gone?," premieres in NYC
1972 - 1st season game at Nassau Coliseum, Flames-3, Islanders-2
1973 - Sandra Haynie wins LPGA Lincoln-Mercury Golf Open
1974 - German Democratic Republic amends constitution
1975 - Players' Association, files a suit on behalf of Dodgers Andy Messersmith
1975 - US decides John Lennon won't be deported due to UK pot conviction
1977 - Guitarist Steve Hackett quits Genesis
1977 - USSR adoption of the Fourth Soviet Constitution.
1978 - LA Dodgers win the pennant
1978 - USSR performs nuclear test
1979 - "1940's Radio Hour" opens at St James Theater NYC for 105 performances
1979 - "Eubie!" closes at Ambassador Theater NYC after 439 performances
1979 - Cleveland Browns' Dino Hall sets club records with 9 kickoff returns
1979 - Debbie Massey wins LPGA Wheeling Golf Classic
1979 - USSR performs underground nuclear test
1980 - Belgium 3rd government of Martens resigns
Egyptian President Hosni MubarakEgyptian President Hosni Mubarak 1981 - Hosni Mubarak becomes acting-president of Egypt
1981 - In 1st Eastern Division championship Yanks beat Brewers 5-3
1982 - "Cats" opens at Winter Garden Theater NYC for 5000+ performances
1982 - Olof Palme forms Swedish government
1982 - Cats opens on Broadway and runs for nearly 18 years before closing on September 10, 2000.
1984 - Striking umps return for Game 5 of NLCS, SD Padres win pennant
1984 - Walter Payton passes Jim Brown as NFL's career rushing leader
1985 - 21st Space Shuttle Mission (51-J)-Atlantis 1 lands at Edwards AFB
1985 - KHQ-AM in Spokane Wash's final transmission
1985 - Lynette Woodward, chosen as 1st woman on Harlem Globetrotters
1985 - PLO terrorists sieze Italian cruise liner Achille Lauro
1986 - 1st edition British newspaper "Independent" published
1988 - Jim Fregosi is fired as manager of White Sox
1988 - Latvian flag raised in Riga for 1st time since annexation by USSR
1988 - Lou Piniella is fired as manager of Yankees for 2nd time
NFL Running Back Walter PaytonNFL Running Back Walter Payton 1988 - WNBC 660 final transmission, WFAN moves from 1050 to 660 & WUKQ begins on 1050 at 5:30 PM (NYC radio)
1989 - Howard Stern's US Open Sores Tennis match
1989 - Rickey Henderson steals a record 8 bases in a play off (5 games)
1990 - Beth Daniel wins LPGA Centel Golf Classic
1990 - Israel begins handing out gas masks to its citizens
1991 - Child star Adam Rich arrested for stealing hypodermics
1991 - Scorecard Harry, Space Appeal & Cafe Lex in 9th race at Belmont, creating 2nd triple dead heat in NY thoroughbred racing history
1991 - Law Professor Anita Hill accuses Supreme nominee Clarence Thomas of making sexually inappropriat comments to her
1992 - Tampa Bay Lightning become 1st NHL expansion team to win opener (7-2)
1993 - "Les Miserables," opens at Meralco Theatre, Philippines
1993 - "She Loves Me" opens at Atkinson Theater NYC for 294 performances
1993 - Massive Moslem demonstrate in Xining China PR, 12 killed
1993 - Nobel prize for literature awarded to Toni Morrison
1994 - China PR performs nuclear test at Lop Nor PRC
1994 - Faud Guliyev appointed premier of Azerbijan
Radio shock jock Howard SternRadio shock jock Howard Stern 1994 - Ingvar Carlsson forms Swedish government
1994 - Lu Bin swims female 200m medley world record (2:11.57)
1995 - Boston's Fleet Center opens, NY Islanders & Boston Bruins tie at 4-4
1995 - Mariners rally from 5-0 to force Game 5 of Division Series vs Yankees
1998 - Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.
2000 - The last ever competitive soccer match at Wembley Stadium is a 1-0 defeat of England by Germany and the last goal was scored by Liverpool's Dietmar Hammann. The match was Tony Adams' 60th at Wembley setting the record for most appearances at the stadium.
2001 - The U.S. invasion of Afghanistan starts with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.
2003 - Gray Davis is recalled as Governor of California, three years before the official end of his office term. Film star Arnold Schwarzenegger is elected Governor.
2004 - King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia abdicates.
2012 - 13 people are killed after a Sudanese military aeroplane crashes near Khartoum
2012 - Sébastien Loeb wins the World Rally Championship for the ninth consecutive year
1765 - Nine American colonies sent a total of 28 delegates to New York City for the Stamp Act Congress. The delegates adopted the "Declaration of Rights and Grievances." 1777 - During the American Revolution the second Battle of Saratoga began. 1868 - Cornell University was inaugurated in Ithaca, NY. 1913 - For the first time, Henry Ford's entire Highland Park automobile factory was run on a continuously moving assembly line when the chassis was added to the process. 1918 - The Georgia Tech football team defeated Cumberland College 222-0. Georgia Tech carried the ball 978 yards and never threw a pass. 1939 - "Kate Hopkins, Angel of Mercy" was heard for the first time on CBS radio. 1940 - "Portia Faces Life" debuted on the NBC Red network. 1949 - The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was formed. 1950 - The U.S.-led U.N. forces crossed the 38th parallel and entered North Korea. China in November proved their threat to enter the war by sending several hundred thousand troops over the border into North Korea. 1951 - The Western Hills Hotel in Fort Worth, TX, became the first hotel to feature all foam-rubber mattresses and pillows. 1956 - A U.S. House subcommittee began investigations of allegedly rigged TV quiz shows. 1963 - U.S. President Kennedy signed a nuclear test ban treaty with Britain and the Soviet Union. 1968 - The Motion Picture Association of America adopted the film-rating system that ranged for "G" to "X." 1981 - The Egyptian parliament, after the assassination of Anwar Sadat, named Vice President Hosni Mubarak the next president of Egypt. 1982 - A record was set when 147,000,000 shares were exchanged on the New York Stock Exchange. 1985 - The United States announced that it would no longer automatically comply with World Court decisions. 1989 - In Budapest, Hungary's Communist Party renounced Marxism in favor of democratic socialism. 1993 - U.S. President Clinton sent more troops, heavy armor, and naval firepower to Somalia. 1994 - U.S. President Clinton dispatched an aircraft carrier to the Persian Gulf when Iraqi troops were spotted moving toward Kuwait. The U.S. Army was also put on alert. 1998 - The U.S. government filed an antitrust suit that alleged Visa and MasterCard inhibit competition by preventing banks from offering other cards. 1999 - American Home Products Corp. agreed to pay up to $4.83 billion to settle claims that the fen-phen diet drug caused dangerous problems with heart valves. 2000 - Vojislav Kostunica took the oath of office as Yugoslavia's first popularly elected president. 2001 - Barry Bonds (San Francisco Giants) hit his 73rd home run of the season and set a new major league record. 2001 - The U.S. and Great Britain began airstrikes in Afghanistan in response to that state's support of terrorism and Osama bin Laden. The act was the first military action taken in response to the terrorist attacks on the U.S. on September 11, 2001. 2003 - In California, Arnold Schwarzenegger was elected governor in the recall election of Governor Gray Davis. 2003 - Randy Quaid received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. 2004 - Billy Bob Thornton got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
1765 The Stamp Act Congress convened in New York to draw up colonial grievances against England. 1849 Poet-writer Edgar Allan Poe died at age 40. 1949 The Republic of East Germany was formed. 1968 The Motion Picture Association of America adopted its film-rating system, ranging from "G" for general audiences to "X" for adults only. 1985 The Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro was hijacked by Palestinian gunmen in the Mediterranean. 1998 Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, was beaten, robbed, and left tied to a fence. He died five days later. 2001 U.S. and British forces launched bombing campaign against Taliban government and al-Qaeda terrorist camps in Afghanistan. 2003 California governor Gray Davis was recalled and former bodybuilder and actor Arnold Schwarzenegger was elected in his place.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/oct07.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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