Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
So, today in history, Octavian (to be known as Augustus later on), convinced the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. The USS Constitution, also known as "Old Ironsides",earned a legendary status on this date, during the War of 1812, by defeating the British warship Guerriere. On this day in 1836, the HMS Beagle, with British Botanist Charles Darwin aboard, anchored at Angra Azores. In 1839 on this day, the details of Louis Daguerre's first practical photographic process were released in Paris. In 1848 on this day, the discovery of gold in California was reported by the New York Herald. During World War I, the Battle of Vin began on this date. Afghanistan declared independence from Great Britain on this day in 1919. On this day in 1934, Adolf Hitler officially became the Führer of Germany as a result of a plebiscite, consolidating his position as having sole executive power in the dictatorship. On this day in 1942 and going through to August 20th during World War II, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill visited Montgomery's headquarter in Burg-al-Arab. The occupying Nazis gave parts of Paris over to the Resistance on this date in 1944 during World War II. Francis Gary Powers, the pilot of the downed U-2 spy plane, was convicted of espionage in Moscow. In 1961 on this day, US Vice-President Lyndon B Johnson visited West Berlin. In 1967 on this day, the Beatles' "All You Need is Love," single rose to #1 on the charts. Tadeusz Mazowiecki was elected as the first non-Communist President of Poland on this day in 1989. On this day in 1991, Gennady Yanayev & the hardline Communist coup in the Soviet Union briefly deposed Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev. On this day in 1999 in Belgrade, tens of thousands of Serbians rallied to demand the resignation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
• On this day in 43 BCE, Octavian, later known as Augustus, compelled the Roman Senate to elect him Consul.
• In 440 on this day, St Sixtus III ended his reign as Catholic Pope.
• The Battle at Manzikert took place on this day in 1071, when Seldjuken Sultan Alp Arslan defeated the Byzantine King.
• On this day in 1099, the Crusaders beat Saracens in the Battle of Ascalon.
• King James I of Argon censored Hebrew writing on this day in 1263.
• In 1399 on this day, King Richard II of England surrendered to his cousin Henry.
• On this day in 1458, Aenea Silvio Piccolomini was chosen Pope Pius II.
• Habsburg Archduke of Austria, Maximilian I, acquired Burgundian possessions in the Netherlands & France through marriage on this day in 1477.
• In 1493 on this day, Maximilian I of Austria became the Roman Catholic German emperor The Battle of Knockdoe was fought on this day in 1504.
• On this day in 1524, Emperor Charles V's troops besieged Marseille, Italy.
• On this day in 1561, Mary Queen of Scots arrived in Leith, Scotland, to assume the throne after spending 13 years in France.
• Sigismund III became King of Poland on this day in 1587.
Busts of French King Henri IV
Pictures of a bust of Henri IV taken at the Basilique cathédrale Saint-Denis, near Paris
• In 1591 on this day, French King Henri IV occupied Rouen.
• Prince Frederik Henry conquered Fort Groenlo on this day in 1627.
• The Battle at Szalankemen occurred on this day in 1691, with the Austrians defeating the Ottomans.
• Five women were executed for witchcraft on this day in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts.
• On this day in 1698, Russian Czar Peter the Great began his reign.
• In 1702 on this day (and lasting until the 24th of August), the Battle at Santa Marta in Venezuela was fought, with the English fleet defeating the French.
• The Battle at Gross Jagerndorf was fought on this day in 1757, with the Russian army defeating Prussia [NS=Aug 30].
• On this day in 1768, Saint Isaac's Cathedral was founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
• On this day in 1772, Gustav III seizes effective seized control of the Swedish government & restored full power of the monarchy, which had been subordinate to parliament since 1720.
• W Herschel discovered Enceladus, a moon of Saturn, on this day in 1787.
• In 1791 on this day, Benjamin Banneker published his first Almanac.
• Spain & France signed an anti-English alliance on this day in 1796.
• On this day in 1812, the US warship Constitution defeated the British warship Guerriere.
• In 1813 on this day, Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joined Argentina's Second Triumvirate.
1816 - Java again in Dutch hands
• 1821 - Failed liberal coup against French King Louis XVIII
• 1826 - Canada Co chartered to colonize Upper Canada (Ontario)
British Botanist Charles Darwin
• On this day in 1836, the HMS Beagle, with British Botanist Charles Darwin aboard, anchored at Angra Azores.
• In 1839 on this day, the details of Louis Daguerre's first practical photographic process were released in Paris.
• In 1848 on this day, the discovery of gold in California was reported by the New York Herald.
1849 - NY Herald reports gold discovery in California
1861 - Confederacy Congress allies with government of MO
1864 - 2nd day of battle at Globe Tavern, Virginia
1888 - 1st beauty contest (Spa, Belgium), 18 yr old West Indian wins
1891 - William Huggins describes astronomical application of spectrum
1895 - American frontier murderer and outlaw, John Wesley Hardin, is killed by an off-duty policeman in a saloon in El Paso, Texas.
1897 - 1st electric taxi's drive in London
1900 - Start of the one & only olympic cricket match, in Paris
1903 - Phillies suffer record 9th straight posponed game
1905 - Russian Tsar installs "Imperial Duma," without legislative powers
1909 - Indianapolis 500 race track opens
1911 - NY Giant Christy Mathewson loses after beating Reds 22 straight times
1912 - Percy Aldridge Grainger's "Shepherd's Key," premieres
1913 - Frenchman Pégoud makes 1st parachute jump in Europe
1914 - Elmer Rice' "On Trial," premieres in NYC
1914 - German army executed 150 Belgians by firing squad
1914 - German fleet bombs English coast
1914 - Harris Theater (Candler, Coan & Harris) opens at 226 W 42nd St NYC
1915 - Rationing laws go into effect in Netherlands
• 1915 - World War I: the Battle of Van begins
1917 - Sunday benefit baseball game at Polo Grounds results in John McGraw & Christy Mathewson's arrest for violating Blue laws
1918 - Irving Berlin's musical "Yip Yip Yaphank," premieres in NYC
• Afghanistan declared independence from Great Britain on this day in 1919.
1921 - Ty Cobb, is 4th to get 3,000 hits
1922 - 36th US Womens Tennis: Molla B Mallory beats Helen Wills Moody (63 61)
1927 - Metropolitan Sergius proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Soviet state.
• On this day in 1934, Adolf Hitler officially became the Führer of Germany as a result of a plebiscite, consolidating his position as having sole executive power in the dictatorship.
1936 - Trial against Ljev Kamenev & Grigori Zinovjev because of "Trotskyism" opens in Moscow
1939 - 37.6 cm rainfall at Tuckerton, NJ (state record)
1941 - Ump Jocko Conlan ejects Pirate manager Frankie Frisch for coming out on field holding an umbrella to get a rainout
• On this day in 1942 and going through to August 20th during World War II, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill visited Montgomery's headquarter in Burg-al-Arab.
Statue of soldier, author and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Parliament Square, London
1942 - Over 4,000 Canadian & British soldiers killed, wounded or captured raiding Dieppe, France
1942 - Gen Paulus orders German 6th Army to conquer Stalingrad
1943 - Belgian church excommunicates nazi Leon Degrelle
1943 - US air raid on German bases at Gilze-Rijen/Vlissingen
1944 - Allied air raid on Maastricht, 80+ killed
1944 - Gen Bradley visits Montgomery
• 1944 - Last Japanese troops driven out of India
• The occupying Nazis gave parts of Paris over to the Resistance on this date in 1944 during World War II.
1944 - Paris police strike against nazi occupiers
1944 - Polish 1st Division occupies Hill 262 (Mont Ormel), Normandy
1944 - US 15th Army corp occupies Mantes-Gassicourt at Paris
1944 - US 90th/Polish 1st Division occupy Chambois Normandy
1945 - Phillies Jimmie Foxx, 37, pitches 1st 7 innings vs Reds & wins
1947 - J Arens & D van Dorpen synthetise vitamin A
1950 - ABC begins Saturday morning kid shows (Animal Clinic & Acrobat Ranch)
1951 - Bill Veeck (Cleveland Indians) sends Eddie Gaedel, a 3'7" midget, to pinch-hit
1953 - England regained cricket Ashes after winning series 1-0
1954 - Ralph J Bunche named undersecretary of UN
1955 - 32.4 cm precipitation at Burlington, Connecticut (state record)
1955 - Hurricane Diane kills 200 & 1st billion $ damage storm (N.E. US)
1955 - US raises import duty on bicycles 50%
1955 - WINS radio, announces it will not play "copy" white cover versions of R&B (DJs must play Fats Domino's "Ain't It A Shame," not Pat Boone's)
1957 - US Major David Simons reaches 30,933m in a balloon
1958 - NAACP Youth Council begin sit-ins at Oklahoma City Lunch counters
1959 - Doctor X beats Wilber Snyder in Omaha, to become NWA wrestling champ
1959 - Honolulu seeks a franchise in Continental League
1959 - Satellite Discoverer 6 launched into polar orbit
1960 - Francis Gary Powers convicted of spying by USSR (U-2 incident)
1960 - Sputnik 5 carries 2 dogs, 3 mice into orbit (later recovered alive)
Bust of American President Lyndon B. Johnson
• In 1961 on this day, US Vice-President Lyndon B Johnson visited West Berlin.
1963 - NAACP Youth Council begins sit-ins at lunch counters, Oklahoma City
1964 - Communication satellite Syncom 3 launched
1965 - Auschwitz trials end with 6 life sentences
1965 - Cincinnati Red Jim Maloney 2nd no-hitter of year beats Chicago Cubs, 1-0
1966 - Earthquake strikes Varko Turkey: 2,400 killed
• In 1967 on this day, the Beatles' "All You Need is Love," single rose to #1 on the charts.
1969 - Chicago Cub Ken Holtzman no-hits Atlanta Braves, 3-0
1973 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1973 - Pirate World Music Radio (Holland) closes down after 10 years
1975 - Astros hire Bill Virdon to replace Preston Gomez as manager
1976 - Pres Gerald R Ford won Republican pres nomination at KC convention
1977 - USSR performs nuclear test at Sary Shagan USSR
1978 - 422 die in an arson fire at a movie theater in Iran
1979 - "My Sharonna" by the Knack hits #1 (stays for 42 days)
1979 - Crew of Soyuz 32 returns to Earth aboard Soyuz 34 aft 175 d flight
• 1979 - Soviet Cosmonauts Vladimir Lyakov & Valery Ryumin returned to Earth aboard Soyuz 34 after a record 175 days in space
1980 - Saudi Arabian Lockhead Tristar crashes on landing at Riyadh, 301 die
1980 - Willy Russell's "Educating Rita," premieres in London
1981 - 2 US Navy F-14 jet fighters shoot down 2 Soviet-built Libyan SU-22
1982 - Soyuz T-7 launched, Svetlana Savtiskaya 2nd woman in space
1984 - Republican convention in Houston nominates Ronald Reagan for pres
1985 - Japan launches its 2nd probe of Halley's Comet, Suisei
1986 - Car bomb kills 20 in Tehran Iran
1987 - Hungerford Massacre: in the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with an assault rifle and then commits suicide.
1988 - Iran-Iraq begin a cease-fire in their 8-year-old war (11 PM EDT)
1988 - Muang Muang succeeds Gen Sein Lwin as pres of Burma
1988 - NY Rangers sign ex-Canadien great Guy LaFluer
• Tadeusz Mazowiecki was elected as the first non-Communist President of Poland on this day in 1989.
1991 - -20] Hurricane Bob hits US
The flag of the USSR (Soviet Union)
• On this day in 1991, Gennady Yanayev & the hardline Communist coup in the Soviet Union briefly deposed Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.
1993 - Dow Jones hits record high of 3612.13
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail GorbachevGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev 1993 - George Tiller, abortion doctor, shot in his arms by Rachelle Shannon
1993 - Mattel & Fisher Price toys merge
1993 - Sally Gunnell runs lady world record 400m hurdles (52.74")
1995 - After 5 days Shannon Faulkner quits as 1st woman at the Citadel
1995 - Bruce Seldon TKOs Joe Hipp in 10 for heavyweight boxing title
1995 - Mike Tyson returns to the ring & DQs Peter McNeeley in 38 seconds
1997 - NY Yank 3rd baseman Wade Boggs pitches a scoreless inning vs Anaheim
1997 - STS 85 (Discovery 23) lands
• On this day in 1999 in Belgrade, tens of thousands of Serbians rallied to demand the resignation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević.
2002 - A Russian Mi-26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a Chechen missile outside of Grozny, killing 118 soldiers.
2003 - A Hamas planned suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem kills 23 Israelis, 7 of them children in the Jerusalem bus 2 massacre.
2003 - A car-bomb attack on United Nations headquarters in Iraq kills the agency's top envoy Sergio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees.
2005 - The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called Peace Mission 2005 begins.
2005 - A series of strong storms lashes Southern Ontario spawning several tornadoes as well as creating extreme flash flooding within the city of Toronto and its surrounding communities. In Toronto, it is also dubbed as the Toronto Supercell.
• 2009 - A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.
Heavyweight Boxing Champion Mike TysonHeavyweight Boxing Champion Mike Tyson 2010 - Operation Iraqi Freedom ends, with the last of the United States brigade combat teams crossing the border to Kuwait.
• 2012 - 32 people are killed after a plane crash in Talodi, Sudan
1812 - "Old Ironsides" (the USS Constitution) won a battle against the British frigate Guerriere east of Nova Scotia. 1848 - The discovery of gold in California was reported by the New York Herald. 1856 - The process of processing condensed milk was patented by Gail Borden. 1909 - The first car race to be run on brick occurred at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. 1917 - Team managers John McGraw and Christy Matthewson were arrested for breaking New York City's blue laws. The crime was their teams were playing baseball on Sunday. 1919 - Afghanistan gained independence from Britain. 1929 - "Amos and Andy," the radio comedy program, made its debut on NBC starring Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll. 1940 - The new Civil Aeronautics Administration awarded honorary license #1 to Orville Wright. 1942 - About 6,000 Canadian and British soldiers launched a raid against the Germans at Dieppe, France. They suffered about 50 percent casualties. 1960 - Francis Gary Powers, an American U-2 pilot, was convicted of espionage in Moscow. 1960 - Two dogs were launched in a satellite into Earth's orbit by the Soviet Union. 1962 - Homero Blancas shot a 55 at the Premier Invitational Golf Tournament held in Longview, TX. It was the lowest score in U.S. competitive golf history. 1974 - During an anti-American protest in Nicosia, Cyprus, U.S. Ambassador Rodger P. Davies was fatally wounded by a bullet while in the American embassy. 1981 - Two Libyan SU-22s were shot down by two U.S. Navy F-14 fighters in the Gulf of Sidra. 1991 - Soviet hard-liners announced that President Mikhail Gorbachev had been removed from power. Gorbachev returned to power two days later. 1998 - The first piece of the 351 foot bronze statue of Christopher Columbus arrived in San Juan, Puerto Rico. 1999 - Lorne Michaels received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. 1999 - In Belgrade, thousands of Serbs attended a rally to demand the resignation of Yugoslavia's President Slobodan Milosevic. 2004 - Google Inc. stock began selling on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The initial price was set at $85 and ended the day at $100.34 with more than 22 million shares traded.
1812 The U.S. frigate Constitution, Old Ironsides, defeated the British ship Guerriere during the War of 1812. 1934 Germans voted to make Adolf Hitler Fuhrer. 1960 American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers was convicted of espionage in Moscow. 1977 Comedian Groucho Marx died in Los Angeles at age 86. 2003 U.N. special representative Sergio Vieira de Mello was one of 22 killed when a suicide car bomb struck the UN's Baghdad headquarters.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/aug19.htm
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