Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
The Origin of the Persian [Yezdegird] Era came on this day in 632. On this day in 1567, Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned in Lochleven Castle prison in Scotland. The Peace of Vossem was signed on this day in 1673 between French King Louis XIV & Frederik Willem of Brandenburg. In 1755 on this day during the Seven Years War (also known as the French and Indian War in North America), the British captured Fort Beauséjour (in the modern day Canadian province of New Brunswick), then subsequently expelled the Acadians. On this day in 1779, Spain declared war on Great Britain in support of the cause of the rebels during the American Revolutionary War of Independence, and the siege of Gibraltar began. The Battle of Ligny was fought on this day in 1815, when the French Armée du Nord under Napoleon Bonaparte defeated part of a Prussian army, which was led by Field Marshal Blücher, This victory was deceptive, as Prussian forces were allowed to regroup and get ready for the more decisive Waterloo battle just a couple of days later. Nonetheless, it qualified as Napoleon's final victory in the field of battle. The Battle at Quatre-Bras, a preliminary to the decisive Battle of Waterloo, was fought on this day in 1815, as Allied forces, led by Wellington, against the French forces, led by Marshal Michel Ney. On this day in 1858, Abraham Lincoln, during a speech accepting the Republican Party's nomination for the Senate, warned that "A house divided against itself cannot stand" in reference to the growing divisions in the United States over slavery. John Abbott became Canada's third Prime Minister on this day in 1891. China's Emperor De Zong (Guang Xu) received Kang Youwei on this day in 1898. On this day in 1900 in China, a fire was set by Boxers, virtually destroying the Western Quarter and spreading to engulf many Chinese landmarks. This day in 1904 marks Bloomsday, or the date of the events portrayed in James Joyce's Ulysses, which is often considered the first piece of modern fiction. On this day in 1913, the South African parliament made it illegal for blacks to own land. Sun Yat Sen founded a military academy on this day in 1923. The US Congress approved FDR's "New Deal" on this day in 1935, in an attempt to lift the United States out of the Great Depression. On this day in 1940 during World War II, French General Charles De Gaulle arrived in Bordeaux. In 1940 on this day, Marshal Henri-Philippe Petain, formerly a World War I hero, became the Prime Minister of the Vichy government of France. There was a French offensive on this day in 1957 during the war in Algeria. In 1970 on this day, the attacks by the Communists forces of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong almost entirely isolate Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia. In 1982 on this day, Great Britain requested Argentina to arrange for a return of prisoners after the Falklands War ended. In 1990 on this day, Nelson & Winnie Mandela visited Leidseplein, Amsterdam.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
• The Origin of the Persian [Yezdegird] Era came on this day in 632.
1338 - German monarch declares pope & king's decree redundant
1487 - Battle of Stoke, Nottinghamshire: Henry VII beats John de la Pole & Lord Lovell
• On this day in 1567, Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned in Lochleven Castle prison in Scotland.
1624 - Judge directs US colony Virginia to English crown
Pictures of a bust of Louis XIV at the Basilique cathédrale Saint-Denis, near Paris
• The Peace of Vossem was signed on this day in 1673 between French King Louis XIV & Frederik Willem of Brandenburg.
1745 - British fleet occupies Cap Breton on St Lawrence River
1746 - Battle at Piacenza: Austria & Sardinia beat Spanish & French army
• In 1755 on this day during the Seven Years War (also known as the French and Indian War in North America), the British captured Fort Beauséjour (in the modern day Canadian province of New Brunswick), then subsequently expelled the Acadians.
1774 - Formation of Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
• On this day in 1779, Spain declared war on Great Britain in support of the cause of the rebels during the American Revolutionary War of Independence, and the siege of Gibraltar began.
1784 - Holland forbids orange clothes
1794 - 1st stone layed at Dutch biggest grain windmill (De Walvisch)
French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
• The Battle of Ligny was fought on this day in 1815, when the French Armée du Nord under Napoleon Bonaparte defeated part of a Prussian army, which was led by Field Marshal Blücher, This victory was deceptive, as Prussian forces were allowed to regroup and get ready for the more decisive Waterloo battle just a couple of days later. Nonetheless, it qualified as Napoleon's final victory in the field of battle.
• The Battle at Quatre-Bras, a preliminary to the decisive Battle of Waterloo, was fought on this day in 1815, as Allied forces, led by Wellington, against the French forces, led by Marshal Michel Ney.
1822 - Denmark Vessy leads slave rebellion in South Carolina
1823 - King Willem I opens shipyard at Rotterdam-Antwerp
1832 - Battle of Kellogg's Grove, Illinois
1836 - London Working Men's Association forms
The statue of Abraham Lincoln sculpted by David Chester French, is the centerpiece of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C..
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The Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC
• On this day in 1858, Abraham Lincoln, during a speech accepting the Republican Party's nomination for the Senate, warned that "A house divided against itself cannot stand" in reference to the growing divisions in the United States over slavery. On this day in 1858, newly nominated senatorial candidate Abraham Lincoln addresses the Illinois Republican Convention in Springfield and warns that the nation faces a crisis that could destroy the Union. Speaking to more than 1,000 delegates in an ominous tone, Lincoln paraphrased a passage from the New Testament: "a house divided against itself cannot stand." The issue dividing the nation was slavery's place in the growing western territories and the extent of federal power over individual states' rights. Lincoln declared that only the federal government had the power to end slavery. While the southern states relied on an economy and lifestyle dependent upon the cheap labor provided by African-American slaves, the North opposed slavery on moral grounds. The northern states also considered industrialization and manufacturing the key to America's economic future, not farming. The entrance of new states into the Union, such as Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska, brought to a head unresolved conflicts over which government entity–state or federal–should make the final decision regarding slavery. For his part, Lincoln firmly believed that slavery was immoral and was wholly incompatible with the principles of the Declaration of Independence embodied in the phrase "all men are created equal." However, Lincoln prioritized preserving the Union above all else. After Lincoln's speech, several of his friends expressed dismay at its "radical" content. Leonard Swett, a lawyer and friend of Lincoln's, later wrote that Lincoln's talk of using federal power to end slavery was "unfortunate and inappropriate," although Swett admitted that in retrospect Lincoln was ultimately correct. At the time, the people of Illinois ultimately agreed with Swett: Lincoln lost the close Senate race of 1858 to the more moderate Stephen Douglas, who advocated states' sovereignty. Lincoln's eloquent speech, though, earned him national attention and his strong showing in the polls encouraged the people to back his ultimately successful bid for the presidency in 1860.
1861 - Battle of Vienna, VA & Secessionville, SC (James Island)
1864 - Battle of Lynchburg, VA
1864 - Skirmish at Golgotha, Georgia
1864 - Union General Grant begin siege of Petersburg, Va
• 1871 - Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of Mystic Shrine founded, NYC
1871 - The University Tests Act allows students to enter the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests, except for courses in theology.
1873 - Pres Grant decrees Wallowa Valley for Nez-Perce indians
1879 - Gilbert & Sullivan's "HMS Pinafore" debuts at Bowery Theater NYC
1880 - Salvation Army forms in London
1881 - Austria-Hungary & Serbia sign military treaty
1882 - 17" hailstones weighing 1.75 lbs fall in Dubuque Iowa
1883 - 1st baseball "Ladies' Day" (NY Gothams beat Cleve Spiders 5-2)
1883 - The Victoria Hall theatre panic in Sunderland, England kills 183 children
1884 - 1st roller coaster used (Coney Island NY)
• John Abbott became Canada's third Prime Minister on this day in 1891.
1893 - RW Rueckheim invents Cracker Jack
1896 - Temperature hits 127°F at Fort Mojave, Calif
• 1897 - A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
• China's Emperor De Zong (Guang Xu) received Kang Youwei on this day in 1898.
• On this day in 1900 in China, a fire was set by Boxers, virtually destroying the Western Quarter and spreading to engulf many Chinese landmarks.
1903 - 1st Highlander (Yankee) shut-out victory 1-0 over White Sox
1903 - Ford Motors under Henry Ford incorporates
1903 - Pepsi Cola company forms
1903 - Roald Amundsen commences the first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage by leaving Oslo, Norway.
• This day in 1904 marks Bloomsday, or the date of the events portrayed in James Joyce's Ulysses, which is often considered the first piece of modern fiction.
1904 - Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
1909 - 1st US airplane sold commercially, by Glenn Curtiss for $5,000
1909 - Jim Thorpe makes his pro baseball pitching debut for Rocky Mount (ECL) with 4-2 win, this will cause him to forfeit his Olympic medals
Versatile Athlete Jim ThorpeVersatile Athlete Jim Thorpe 1911 - A 772 gram stony meteorite strikes the earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn.
• On this day in 1913, the South African parliament made it illegal for blacks to own land.
1915 - The foundation of the British Women's Institute.
1916 - Boston Brave's Tom Hughes 2nd no-hitter beats Pitts, 2-0
1917 - 1st Congress of Soviets convene in Russia
1917 - 49th Belmont: James Butwell aboard Hourless wins in 2:17.8
1922 - Henry Berliner demonstrates his helicopter to US Bureau of Aeronautics
• Sun Yat Sen founded a military academy on this day in 1923.
1924 - South Africa all out 30 v England in 48 minutes, Gilligan 6-7
1925 - The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the USSR, Artek, is established.
1927 - 31st US Golf Open: Tommy Armour shoots a 301 at Oakmont CC in Pa
1929 - Otto E Funk, 62, ends marathon walk (NY to SF, 4165 miles in 183 days)
1930 - Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
1931 - Austrian government of Ender falls
1932 - Germany forbids SA/SS-gang fights
31st US President Herbert Hoover31st US President Herbert Hoover 1932 - President Hoover & VP Charles Curtis renominated by Rep Convention
1932 - Sutcliffe & Holmes make 555 opening cricket stand for Yorks v Essex
1933 - National Industrial Recovery Act becomes law (later struck down)
1933 - US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) created
Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial in Washington, D.C.
• The US Congress approved FDR's "New Deal" on this day in 1935, in an attempt to lift the United States out of the Great Depression.
1936 - Dutch queen Wilhelmina opens the Waal bridge
1936 - Pope Pius XI receives Anton Mussert (Dutch Nazi collaborator)
1937 - Marx Brothers' "A Day At The Races" opens in LA
1938 - Boston Red Sox Jimmie Foxx is walked a record 6 consecutive times by St Louis Browns
1940 - Communist government installed in Lithuania
• On this day in 1940 during World War II, French General Charles De Gaulle arrived in Bordeaux.
French President Charles De Gaulle
• In 1940 on this day, Marshal Henri-Philippe Petain, formerly a World War I hero, became the Prime Minister of the Vichy government of France. As Germany began to overrun more French territory, the French Cabinet became desperate for a solution to this crisis. Premier Paul Reynaud continued to hold out hope, refusing to ask for an armistice, especially now that France had received assurance from Britain that the two would fight as one, and that Britain would continue to fight the Germans even if France were completely overtaken. But others in the government were despondent and wanted to sue for peace. Reynaud resigned in protest. His vice premier, Henri Petain, formed a new government and asked the Germans for an armistice, in effect, surrendering. This was an ironic position for Petain, to say the least. The man who had become a legendary war hero for successfully repelling a German attack on the French city of Verdun during the First World War was now surrendering to Hitler. In the city of Vichy, the French Senate and Chamber of Deputies conferred on the 84-year-old general the title of "Chief of State," making him a virtual dictator–although one controlled by Berlin. Petain believed that he could negotiate a better deal for his country–for example, obtaining the release of prisoners of war–by cooperating with, or as some would say, appeasing, the Germans. But Petain proved to be too clever by half. While he fought against a close Franco-German military collaboration, and fired his vice premier, Pierre Laval, for advocating it, and secretly urged Spain's dictator Francisco Franco to refuse passage of the German army to North Africa, his attempts to undermine the Axis while maintaining an official posture of neutrality did not go unnoticed by Hitler, who ordered that Laval be reinstated as vice premier. Petain acquiesced, but refused to resign in protest because of fear that France would come under direct German rule if he were not there to act as a buffer. But he soon became little more than a figurehead, despite efforts to manipulate events behind the scenes that would advance the Free French cause (then publicly denying, even denouncing, those events when they came to light). When Paris was finally liberated by General Charles de Gaulle in 1944, Petain fled to Germany. He was brought back after the war to stand trial for his duplicity. He was sentenced to death, which was then commuted to life in solitary confinement. He died at 95 in prison. The man responsible for saving his life was de Gaulle. He and Petain had fought in the same unit in World War I and had not forgotten Petain's bravery during that world war.
1941 - 1st US federally owned airport opened Wash DC
1943 - Race riot in Beaumont Texas (2 die)
1944 - Iceland adopts constitution
1944 - King George VI visits General Montgomery's HQ in Normandy
32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt 1944 - US bombs Kyushu Japan
1945 - 71st Preakness: Wayne D Wright aboard Polynesian wins in 1:58.8
1945 - Boo Ferriss loses to Yanks 3-2 after starting his career with 8 wins
1946 - "Annie Get Your Gun" opens at Imperial Theater NYC for 1147 perfs
1946 - 46th US Golf Open: Lloyd Mangrum shoots a 284 at Canterbury GC Cleve
1947 - 1st network news-Dumont's "News from Washington"
1947 - Pravda denounces Marshall Plan
1949 - Gas turbine-electric locomotive demonstrated, Erie Pa
1952 - Soviet Fighters shoot Swedish Catalina reconnaissance flight down
1953 - Despite Johnny Mize 2,000th hit, Yanks lose ending 18 game win streak & also ending St Louis Brown 14 game losing streak
1954 - Dutch military conscription shortened from 20 to 18 months
1954 - Ngo Dinh Diem elected president of Vietnam
1955 - Louise Suggs wins LPGA Triangle Round Robin Golf Tournament
Golfer Ben HoganGolfer Ben Hogan 1955 - Pope Pius XII ex-communicates Argentine Pres Juan Peron
1956 - 56th US Golf Open: Cary Middlecoff shoots a 281 at Oak Hill CC NY
1956 - 88th Belmont: David Erb aboard Needles wins in 2:29.8
• There was a French offensive on this day in 1957 during the war in Algeria.
1957 - White Sox reliever Dixie Howell hits 2 HRs to beat Wash Senators 8-6
1958 - "Flip Top Box" by Dicky Doo & The Don'ts hits #46
1958 - Government troops land on North-Celebes Indonesia
1960 - "Psycho" opens in NY
1960 - Pres Eisenhower cancels trip to Japan
1961 - Dave Garroway is fired as Today Show host
1961 - Discoverer 25 launched
1961 - Soviet ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev defects to West in Paris
1962 - 2 US army officers killed in Saigon
1963 - Levi Eshkol replaces David Ben-Gurion as Israeli Prime Minister
1963 - Ruth Jessen wins LPGA Cosmopolitan Women's Golf Open
First Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-GurionFirst Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion 1963 - Valentina Tereshkova (USSR) is 1st woman in space, aboard Vostok 6
1964 - Amnesty granted to 3,000 political prisoners
1964 - Quake strikes Niigata Japan
1966 - "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-in"" debuts on NBC-TV
1966 - 20th Tony Awards: Marat/Sade & Man of La Mancha win
1967 - 50,000 attend Monterey International Pop Festival
1968 - Mickey Wright wins LPGA "500" Ladies Golf Classic
1968 - 68th US Golf Open: Lee Trevino shoots a 275 at Oak Hill CC NY
1968 - Lee Trevino is 1st to play all 4 rounds of golf's US open under par
1969 - Supreme Court rules suspension of Adam Clayton Powell Jr from House
1970 - Kenneth A Gibson elected 1st black mayor of Newark, NJ
1970 - Race riots in Miami Florida
• In 1970 on this day, the attacks by the Communists forces of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong almost entirely isolate Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia. The principal fighting raged in and around Kompong Thom, about 90 miles north of the capital. On June 17, Cambodia's last working railway line, which ran to the border of Thailand, was severed when communist troops seized a freight train with 200 tons of rice and other food supplies at a station at Krang Lovea, about 40 miles northwest of Phnom Penh.
1971 - Groningen soccer team forms in Groningen
1971 - Racial disturbance in Jacksonville Florida
1972 - The largest single-site hydro-electric power project in Canada starts at Churchill Falls, Labrador.
1973 - Leonid I Brezhnev visit US
1975 - Italy's Communist party PCI, wins
1975 - Randy Farland finds a 14-leaf clover near Sioux Falls, SD
1975 - Supreme Court rules uniform minimum legal fees are a violation
1976 - Student uprisings begin in Soweto, South Africa (Soweto Day)
1977 - "Beatlemania" opens on Broadway
1977 - Fianna Fail-party wins Irish elections
1977 - Leonid Brezhnev named president of USSR
1977 - Ron Guidry's 1st complete game, 7-0 over KC Royals
1977 - Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
1978 - Cin Red Tom Seaver no-hits St Louis Cards, 4-0
• 1978 - Ringo releases "Bad Boy" album; Wings releases "I've Had Enough"
1979 - "Logical Song" by Supertramp peaks at #6
1979 - Carl Yastrzemski hits his 1,000th extra base hit
1979 - Moslem Brotherhood kills 62 sheiks in Aleppo Syria
1980 - US Supreme Court rules new forms of life created in labs could be patents
Flag of Argentina
• In 1982 on this day, Great Britain requested Argentina to arrange for a return of prisoners after the Falklands War ended.
1983 - Charlos Vieira completes 191 hr "nonstop" cycling in Leiria Portugal
1983 - European Space Agency launches European Comm Satellite 1, Oscar 10
264th Pope John Paul II264th Pope John Paul II 1983 - Pope John Paul II visits Poland
1983 - Ringo releases "Old Wave" album in West Germany
1983 - USSR party leader Yuri Andropov elected president
1984 - Edwin Moses wins his 100th consecutive 400-meter hurdles race
1984 - Matt de Waal finishes 14,290-mi round trip from Salt Lake City (106d)
1985 - 85th US Golf Open: Andy North shoots a 279 at Oakland Hills CC Mich
1985 - Pat Bradley wins LPGA Rochester Golf International
1985 - T C Chen, ahead by 4 strokes in final round of US Open
1985 - Willie Banks of USA sets triple jump record (58 feet 11 inches) in Indianapolis
1986 - 1 day general strike in South Africa
1987 - Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, opens
1987 - Subway gunman Bernhard Goetz acquitted on all but gun possession charges after shooting 4 black youths who tried to rob him
1988 - Boston Red Sox Barrett steals home
1988 - In Santa Barbara, CA, a team of 32 divers begin cycling underwater on a standard tricycle, to complete 116.66 mi in 75 hrs 20 mins
1989 - "Ghostbusters II" premieres
1989 - Funeral for Imre Nagg, leader of Hungarian uprising in 1956
1989 - Only 17 hole-in-ones recorded since US open began, today 4 more are made all on 6th hole (Weaver, Wiebe, Pate & Price)
1990 - "U Can't Touch This" by MC Hammer peaks at #8
• In 1990 on this day, Nelson & Winnie Mandela visited Leidseplein, Amsterdam.
1991 - "Fiddler on the Roof" closes at Gershwin Theater NYC after 241 perfs
1991 - -23] NYC Mayor Dinkins declares "Joseph Doherty Week"
1991 - 91st US Golf Open: Payne Stewart shoots a 282 at Hazeline Natl GC Minn
Russian President Boris YeltsinRussian President Boris Yeltsin
1991 - Boris Yeltsin elected president of Russian SSR
1991 - Colleen Walker wins LPGA Lady Keystone Golf Open
1991 - Minnesota Twins win a team record 15 games in a row
1991 - Otis Nixon steals NL record 6 bases in 1 day
1991 - With 3 runs in 9th, Balt ends Twins 15 game win streak 6-5
1992 - Caspar Weinberger (Sec of Def 1981-87), indicted on Iran-contra charge
1992 - Colo Rockies 1st minor league team's (Bend Oregon in Class A) game
1992 - British postage stamp celebrates 350th anniversary of the Battle of Edgehill
1992 - Jeff King is 5th to be thrown out twice trying to steal in an inning
1992 - Red Sox Mark Reardon sets record of 342 saves (vs Yanks 1-0)
1992 - Longest salami is 68'9 & 25 circumference, weighed 1,492lbs/5oz in Flekkefjord, Norway
1997 - The Dairat Labguer massacre in Algeria; 50 people are killed.
2000 - Israel complies with UN Security Council Resolution 425 after 22 years of it issuance, which calls on Israel to completely withdraw from Lebanon. Israel withdraws from all of Lebanon, except the disputed Sheba Farms.
2012 - 32 people are killed by a car bomb in Baghdad
2012 - Coca-Cola begins business in Myanmar after 60 years
2012 - A collapse of a stage at a Toronto Radiohead concert kills one person
2012 - 30 people are killed and 15 injured after a bus falls into a gorge in Osmanabad, India
2013 - 20 people are killed by a series of car bombings across Iraq
2013 - Golfer, Justin Rose wins the 2013 US Open
1487 The Battle of Stoke ended the Wars of the Roses. 1858 Senate candidate Abraham Lincoln declared, "a house divided against itself cannot stand." 1904 Events in James Joyce's novel Ulysses took place on this day, which is celebrated as Bloomsday, for the main character, Leopold Bloom. 1933 President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the National Industrial Recovery Act. 1963 Valentina Tereshkova of the USSR became the first woman in space. 1996 Russia voted in its first independent presidential election. Boris Yeltsin eventually won in a runoff. 2004 The 9/11 Commission determined that Saddam Hussein had no strong links to al-Qaeda, contradicting White House beliefs.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/jun16.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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