Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
This was a day when several American wars ended. King Philip's War ended on this date, with the killing of King Philip. When I was younger, I always wondered about the name of the war, which makes it sound like it was a European affair. King Philip just does not sound like a Native American. By naming it after him, it would suggest that he has been assigned all of the responsibility for that war. the Spanish-American War ended on this date as well. Finally, the last American combat troops left Vietnam on this date in 1972.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
On this day in the year 3CE, Venus and Jupiter were in conjunction regarding the Star of Bethlehem. In 1071 on this day, Alp Arslan defeated the Byzantines, Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes. The Battle at Ascalon was fought on this day in 1099, with Godfried of Broth leading the Crusaders in defeating the Egyptian army of Fatimid. The Battle of Didgori was fough on this day in 1121, with the Georgian army under King David the Builder scoring a decisive victory over the famous Seljuk commander Ilghazi. The Battle of Harim was fought on this day in 1164, Nur ad-Din defeated the Crusader armies of the County of Tripoli and the Principality of Antioch. On this day in 1323, the Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and Novgorod (Russia) regulated the border for the first time. The Battle of Dupplin Moor, a Scottish dynastic battle, was fought on this day in 1332. English King Edward III ended wool exports to Flanders on this day in 1336. The Battle of Otranto was fought on this day in 1480, with Ottoman troops beheaded 800 Christians for refusing to convert to Islam. The first engagement of the Battle of Zonchio between Venetian and Ottoman fleets occurred on this day in 1499..Juan Ponce de Leon arrived in Puerto Rico on this day in 1508. On this day in 1530, Florence surrendered for Emperor Karel I. French troops occupied Ambleteuse, England, on this day in 1549. Pope Julius III ordered the confiscation & burning of the Jewish Talmud on this day in 1553. In 1588 on this day, Medemblik surrendered to the Spanish army. Cardinal Richelieu was named chief minister of France by King Louis XIII on this day in 1624. On this day in 1658, the first US police force formed in New Amsterdam (present day New York City). The English fleet defeated the Dutch fleet on this day in 1665. On this day in 1676, the first war between American colonists & Indians ended in New England. It has come to be known as "King Phillip's War" and it came to an end with the killing of Indian chief King Phillip. The war had lasted for two years. On this day in 1687, the Battle of Mohacs saw the Ottoman invaders of Hungary routed by forces of the Holy Roman Emperor under Charles of Lorraine. The Battle of Kunersdorf took place on this day in 1759, with the Russian-Austrian army overpowering the Prussians. In 1793 on this day, the Rhône départment in France is created when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two: Rhône and Loire (Lêre). The Duke of Wellington's troops entered Madrid on this day in 1812. Dutch troops conquered Leuven on this day in 1831. On this day in 1831, Netherlands & Belgium signed a peace treaty. In 1833 on this day, Chicago was founded. Isaac Singer was issued a patent on the double-headed sewing machine on this day in 1851. In 1856 on this day, Anthony Fass patented the accordion. On this day in 1861 during the American Civil War, there was a skirmish at Texas when rebels are attacked by Apache Indians General John Hunt Morgan & his raiders captured Gallatin, Texas, on this day in 1862. The first cargo of lumber left Burrard Inlet (Vancouver, British Columbia area) on this day in 1863. In 1865 on this day, British surgeon Joseph Lister performed the first surgery with disenfectant. U.S. President Andrew Johnson sparked a move to impeach him when he defied Congress by suspending Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton on this day in 1867.
A monument to Thomas Edison in Menlo Park, New Jersey.
In 1877 on this day, Thomas Edison invented the phonograph and made the first sound recording. The first. Gold was discovered at Klondike River at Dawson on this day in 1896. Hawaii was formally annexed by the United States on this day in 1898. A peace protocol was signed on this day in 1898 ending the Spanish-American War. The U.S. acquired Guam, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. Boer General Kritzinger was driven out of the Cape colony on this day in 1901. On this day in 1905, King Leopold II opened Central Station in Antwerp. Ford built the first Model T on this day in 1908. On this day in 1914 during World War I, there was a cavalry battle at Halen, Belgium ("Battle der Zilveren Helmen"). German 16.5"/12" guns fired on forts round Luik on this day in 1914. On this day in 1914, Great Britain declared war on Austria-Hungary. Russian troops took East-Prussia & occupied Marggrabowa on this day in 1914. In 1915 on this day, "Of Human Bondage," by William Somerset Maugham, was published. Picasso, Max Jacob, Kisling, Ortiz & Paquerette are all photographed in Paris on this day in 1916. On htis day in 1918, regular airmail service began between Washington, DC, and New York City. The Battle of Warsaw (Vistula) between Poland and Russia began on this day in 1920. The dedication of Frederick Douglas' home in Washington DC as national shrine occurred on this day in 1922. The IX (9th) Olympic Games closed in Amsterdam, Netherlands, on this day in 1928. In 1931 on this day, the Yangtzee River flooded after a heavy rain crumbled dikes in China. Cuban dictator Machado y Morales fled after a military coup on this day in 1933. On this day in 1939, "The Wizard of Oz" premiered in Oconomowoc, WI. Judy Garland became famous for the movie's song "Somewhere Over the Rainbow." The movie premiered in Hollywood on August 15th. In 1940 on this day, the Luftwaffe bombed British radar stations, but lost 31 aircraft in the process. On this day in 1940, Netherlands started rationing textile. French Marshal Henri Petain disgraced France by giving full support to Nazi Germany on this day in 1941. In 1942 on this day, British Prime Minister Churchill arrived in Moscow, met with Josef Stalin. German first tank leader captured Elista, Kalmukkensteppe, on this day in 1942. Lt-General Montgomery arrived in Cairo, Egypt, on this day in 1942. This day in 1943 was the alleged date of the first Philadelphia Experiment test on United States Navy ship USS Eldridge. Churchill & Tito met in Naples, Italy, on this day in 1944. On this day in 1944, a pipeline under the ocean (Pluto) began operating. Waffen SS troops massacred 560 people in Sant'Anna di Stazzema on this day in 1944. In France on this day in 1944, Pierre Laval released Edouard Herriot. On this day in 1948, the Court of Justice in Arnhem, Netherlands, sentenced Gen Friedrich Christiansen to 12 years for war crimes. In a rare game between the two leagues, the NY Giants (NFL) beat the Ottawa Roughriders (CFL) 20-6 in Ottawa on this day in 1950. In 1950 on this day, Pope Pius XII published encyclical Humani generis. On this day in 1953, a heavy earthquake struck the Ionian islands, with 435 killed. The Soviet Union conducted a secret test of its first hydrogen bomb on this day in 1953. In 1955 on this day, American President Eisenhower raised the minimum wage from 75 cents to $1 an hour. The first ship firing of a Polaris missile, Observation Island, occurred on this day in 1959. On this day in 1959 , the Progressive Party under John Steytler formed in South Africa. The balloon satellite Echo 1, the first communications satellite, was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on this day in 1960. In 1960 on this day, USAF Major Robert M White flew the X-15 to 41,600 meters. This day in 1962 marked the first time two people were in space simultaneously. The Soviet Union launched Vostok 4 with cosmonaut Pavel Popovich manning it, into orbit. Popovich and Andrian Nikolayev, who was launched a day before, both landed on August 15. Portuguese dictator Salazar remained firm on African colonization on this day in 1963. There was a race riot in Elizabeth, NJ, on this day in 1964. In 1965 on this day, Elizabeth Lane became the first female British Supreme Court justice. On this day in 1965, there was a race riot on the West Side of Chicago. Syrian President Assad broke diplomatic relations with Jordan on this day in 1971. In 1972 on this day, the last American combat ground troops left Vietnam. On this day in 1976, the space shuttle Enterprise passed its first solo atmospheric flight test. A Christian militia conquered the Palestinian camp Tell al-Za'tar on this day in 1976, with 2000 killed. High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1 launched into Earth orbit on this day in 1977. China & Japan signed a peace treaty on this day in 1978. The International Cometary Explorer (ICE) was launched on this day in 1978. Iran press censors started massive book burnings on this day in 1979. Signature of the Montevideo Treaty establishing the Latin American Integration Association occurred on this day in 1980. IBM introduced PC & PC-DOS version 1.0 (the first personal computer) on this day in 1981. General Manuel A Noriega became the commander of the Panamanian army on this day in 1983.
The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, which hosted the 1984 Olympic Games
The XXIII (23rd) Olympic games closed at Los Angeles, California, on this day in 1984. On this day in 1985, a Japan Air Lines Boeing 747 crashed into a mountain killing 520 people, marking the worst in-flight toll). In 1986 on this day, it was announced by NASA that they had selected a new rocket design for the space shuttle. The move was made in an effort at correcting the flaws that were believed to have been responsible for the Challenger disaster.. On this day in 1988, the controversial movie "The Last Temptation of Christ" was released.
Statue of Nelson Mandela in State Parliament Square, London, UK
In 1988 on this day, anti-apartheid activist, and future South African leader, Nelson Mandela was treated for tuberculosis at hospital. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declared that he was ready to resolve the Gulf crisis if Israel withdrew from occupied territories on this day in 1990. Creditors voted to support the Greyhound Bus reorganization plan on this day in 1991. In 1992 on this day, Canada, Mexico, and the United States announce completion of negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) after 14 months of negotiations. Pope John Paul II began his visit of the United States on this day in 1993. U.S. President Clinton lifted the ban on rehiring air traffic controllers that had been fired for going on strike in 1981 on this day in 1993. There was a panic following a tropical storm that resulted in a stampede in a church of Brazzaville: Congo, on this day in 1994, with 142 killed. Swiss banks agreed to pay $1.25 billion as restitution to World War II Holocaust victims on this day in 1998. The Oscar class submarine K-141 Kursk of the Russian Navy exploded and sank in the Barents Sea during a military exercise on this day in 2000. On this day in 2004, New Jersey Gov. James McGreevey came out publicly as a gay man and resigned his position as the state's governor. Sri Lanka's foreign minister, Lakshman Kadirgamar, was fatally shot by an LTTE sniper at his home on this day in 2005. An F2 tornado struck the coal mining town of Wright, Wyoming, destroying nearly 100 homes and killing two people on this day in 2005. Civil unrest was provoked in the Maldives on this day in 2005. In 2005 on this day, an F1 tornado struck the town of Glen Cove, New York, a rare event on Long Island. In 2007 on this day, a bulk carrier M/V New Flame collided with oil tanker Torm Gertrud at the southernmost tip of Gibraltar, ending up partially submerged. The 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony on this day completed the London games.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/aug12.htm
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