Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
On this day in 3114 BC according to the Lounsbury correlation, this marked the start of the Maya calendar. In 523 on this day, St John I began his reign as Catholic Pope. Raniero was elected as Pope Paschal II on this day in 1099. On this day in 1326, Aradia de Toscano, according to legend/folklore, was initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult and subsequently founded the tradition of Stregheria, later known as the Malandanti. The army of King Henry V of England landed on mouth of Seine River on this day in 1415. The Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain was signed on this day in 1516. Francis recognized Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognized Francis's claim to Milan. After a three-month siege, the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) fell to Hernando Cortez & the Spanish conquistadors on this day in 1521, marking the end of one empire and the rise of another. On this day in 1536, Buddhist monks from Kyōto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536). Michael Servetus was arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic on this day in 1553. In 1578 on this day, Duke French van Anjou was recognized as protector of Netherlands. John Smith's story of Jamestown's first days was submitted for publication on this day in 1608. On this day in 1624, Cardinal Richelieu was appointed Chief Minister of France by Louis XIII. On this day in 1630, Ferdinand II fired Supreme Commander Albrecht von Wallenstein. In 1642 on this day, Christiaan Huygens discovered the southern polar cap of Mars. Sweden & Denmark signed the Peace of Brömsebro on this day in 1645. On this day in 1651, the city of Litchfield, Connecticut, was founded. In 1695 on this day during the Nine Years War, French troops under Villeroi began bombarding Brussels, Belgium. It would last several days (until the 15th of August). The State of Drenthe accredited Willem III as mayor on this day in 1696. French & Bavarian forces were routed by a combined British, German & Dutch army at The Battle of Blenheim, Germany, on this day in 1704, during the War of the Spanish Succession. King Frederik Willem declared war on Brandenburg-Prussia, on this day in 1713.
French Enlightenment Philosopher Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet)
On this day in 1732, Voltaire's "Zaire" premiered in Paris. In 1740 on this day, there was a hunger strike in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The English parliament accepted the India Act on this day in 1784. The United States Legislature met for the final time in Annapolis, Maryland, on this day in 1784. In 1788 on this day, Prussia joined the Anglo-Dutch alliance to form the Triple Alliance, which was designed to prevent the spread of the Russo-Swedish War of 1788-90. Revolutionaries imprisoned French royals, including Marie Antoinette, on this day in 1792. On this day in 1799, the English fleet under Lord Seymour overthrew Suriname. The Cape of Good Hope was formally ceded to the British by the Dutch on this day in 1814. In 1814 on this day, the Treaty of London-Netherlands ceased the transporting of slaves. On this day in 1864 during the American Civil War, the Battle of Deep Bottom Virginia (Strawberry Plains) & Fussell's Mill, Virgina, was fought. Earthquakes which killed an estimated 25,000 & caused $300 million of damages hit Peru & Ecuador on this day in 1868. On this day in 1876, Richard Wagner's "Der Ring des Nibelungen," premiered at the Festspielhaus in Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany, and running through August 13 - 17th. The operas consisted of Das Rheingold (“The Rhine Gold”), Die Walküre (“The Valkyrie”), Siegfried, and Götterdämmerung (“The Twilight of the Gods”). The Reciprocity Treaty between the U.S. and Hawaii was ratified on this day in 1876. Henry Morton Stanley signed a contract with the Congolese monarch on this day in 1881. In 1889 on this day, a patent for a coin-operated telephone was issued to William Gray. In the United Stated, the black newspaper "Afro-American" began publishing from Baltimore on this day in 1892. In 1898 on this day, American forces under George Dewey captured Manila during the Spanish-American War. In 1906 on this day, an all-black army unit was accused of a shooting rampage that left one civilian dead at Fort Brown in Brownsville, Texas. In 1972 they were all exonerated. The first taxicab on the streets of New York City was seen on this day in 1907. In 1912 on this day, the first experimental radio license was issued to St. Joseph's College in Philadelphia, PA. On this day in 1913 Otto Witte, an acrobat, was purportedly crowned King of Albania. The invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley came on this day in 1913. On this day in 1914 during the early phase of World War I, the German army began to occupy the forts at Luik. Carl Wickman started Greyhound, the first American bus line, in Minnesota, on this day in 1914. In 1914 on this day, France declared war on Austria-Hungary, which was another major step leading to WW I. On this day in 1918, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) was established as a public company in Germany. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, occured on this day in 1919 after British troops fired on Indian demonstrators who had been protesting the Rowlatt Act. There were 350 killed during the massacre. Gustav Stresemann became the premier of coalition government of Germany on this day in 1923. The Turkish National Congress selected Moestafa Kemal Pasja as president on this day in 1923. On this day in 1923, the US Steel Corp initiated the 8-hour work day. In the Soviet Union, the Spartacan Games began on this day in 1928. On this day in 1931, the first community hospital in the U.S. was dedicated in Elk City, OK. In a calculated political risk that would prove crucial to his eventual rise to power, Hitler refused Von Hindenburg's proposal to become Vice-Chancellor on this day in 1932. He declared instead that he would hold out "for all or nothing." The Japanese attacked Shanghai, China, on this day in 1937, beginning the Battle of Shanghai. On this day in 1940, the Battle of Britain began with a German air attack on England. Hermann Goering's "Adler Tag" 45-48 German aircrafts were shot down over southern England. On this day in 1941, the Red Army evacuated Smolensk. In 1943 on this day, the Red Army recaptured Spas-Demensk. The British 8th Army occupied Florence, Italy, on this day in 1944. Also on this day in 1944 in the Tartu Offensive, the Soviet 3rd Baltic Front captured Võru and Valga, and the Battle of Ilomantsi ended in Finnish victory. Britain transferred illegal immigrants bound to Palestine to Cyprus instead on this day in 1946. President Harry Truman provided military aid to the Vietnamese regime of Bao-Dai on this day in 1950. On this day in 1951, Great-Britain & Iraq signed new oil contract. Between 4-5 million French went on strike against economizations on this day in 1953. President Eisenhower established the Government Contract Compliance Committee on this day in 1953. On this day in 1953, General Omar Bradley became the Chief of Staff in the United States. On this day in 1959, Milt satellite Discoverer 5 was launched (into polar orbit). On this day in 1959 in New York, ground was broken on the $320 million Verrazano Narrows Bridge. The Central African Republic & Chad proclaimed independence from France on this day in 1960. In 1960 on this day, the USSR withdrew advisors out of China. On this day in 1960, "Echo I," a balloon satellite, allowed the first two-way telephone conversation by satellite to take place.
.jpg&container=blogger&gadget=a&rewriteMime=image%2F*)
One of the longest single pieces of the Berlin Wall still standing is located at the Topographie des Terrors.
.jpg&container=blogger&gadget=a&rewriteMime=image%2F*)
The iconic Brandenberg Gate, long a symbol of Berlin and Germany, stood very close to where the Berlin Wall divided the city between Communist East and the Capitalist West.
On this day in 1961, Berlin was divided by a barbed wire fence to halt the flight of refugees. Two days later work on the Berlin Wall began. Custom agents confiscated 21 gold coins from the Witte Museum on this day in 1963. In 1977 was the first test glide of shuttle. There was a bomb attack in Beirut on this day in 1978, with 175 killed. Suriname President Johan Ferrier was ousted from power on this day in 1980. In 1984 on this day, Morocco & Libya signed the "Arabic-African Union" treaty. On this day in 1989, two hot-air balloons crashed at Alice Springs Australia, with 13 killed. The US space shuttle STS-28 landed on this day in 1989. Iraq transferred $3-4 billion in bullion, currency, and other goods seized from Kuwait to Baghdad on this day in 1990. American Vice-President Quayle gave a speech attacking lawyers on this day in 1991. In 1993 on this day, a hotel in Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand, collapsed, with 114 killed. On this day in 1993, the US Court of Appeals ruled that Congress must save all emails. There was a train crash in Tbilisi, Georgia, on this day in 1994, with 24 killed. In 1994 on this day, it was reported that aspirin not only helps reduce the risk of heart disease, but also helps prevent colon cancer. Microsoft released Internet Explorer 3.0 on this day in 1996. In 2004 on this day, 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees were massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi. On this day in 2004, Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé. Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, struck Punta Gorda, Florida and devastated the surrounding area on this day in 2004.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/aug13.htm
No comments:
Post a Comment