Tuesday, July 22, 2025

July 22nd - This Day in History

 




Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history





July 22, 2003: Jessica Lynch gets hero's welcome

On this day in 2003, U.S. Army Private Jessica Lynch, a prisoner-of-war who was rescued from an Iraqi hospital, receives a hero's welcome when she returns to her hometown of Palestine, West Virginia. The story of the 19-year-old supply clerk, who was captured by Iraqi forces in March 2003, gripped America; however, it was later revealed that some details of Lynch's dramatic capture and rescue might have been exaggerated.  

Lynch, who was born April 26, 1983, was part of the 507th Ordnance Maintenance Company from Fort Bliss, Texas. On March 23, 2003, just days after the U.S. invaded Iraq, Lynch was riding in a supply convoy when her unit took a wrong turn and was ambushed by Iraqi forces near Nasiriya. Eleven American soldiers died and four others besides Lynch were captured.  

Lynch, who sustained multiple broken bones and other injuries when her vehicle crashed during the ambush, was taken to an Iraqi hospital. On April 1, she was rescued by U.S. Special Forces who raided the hospital where she was being held. They also recovered the bodies of eight of Lynch's fellow soldiers. Lynch was taken to a military hospital in Germany for treatment and then returned to the United States.  

Lynch's story garnered massive media attention and she became an overnight celebrity. Various reports emerged about Lynch's experience, with some news accounts indicating that even after Lynch was wounded during the ambush she fought back against her captors. However, Lynch later stated that she had been knocked unconscious after her vehicle crashed and couldn't remember the details of what had happened to her. She also said she had not been mistreated by the staff at the Iraqi hospital and they put up no resistance to her rescue. Critics–and Lynch herself–charged the U.S. government with embellishing her story to boost patriotism and help promote the Iraq war.  

In August 2003, Lynch received a medical honorable discharge. She collaborated on a book about her experience, I Am a Soldier, Too: The Jessica Lynch Story, which was released later that year. In April 2007, Lynch testified before Congress that she had falsely been portrayed as a "little girl Rambo" and the U.S. military had hyped her story for propaganda reasons. According to Lynch: "I am still confused as to why they chose to lie and tried to make me a legend when the real heroics of my fellow soldiers that day were, in fact, legendary." She added: "The truth of war is not always easy to hear but is always more heroic than the hype."

Here, from the same website, is the story of another historical event that fell on this date:

July 22, 1942: Deportations from Warsaw ghetto to Treblinka begin

On this day in 1942, the systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw ghetto begins, as thousands are rounded up daily and transported to a newly constructed concentration/extermination camp at Treblinka, in Poland.  

On July 17, Heinrich Himmler, head of the Nazi SS, arrived at Auschwitz, the concentration camp in eastern Poland, in time to watch the arrival of more than 2,000 Dutch Jews and the gassing of almost 500 of them, mostly the elderly, sick and very young. The next day, Himmler promoted the camp commandant, Rudolph Hoess, to SS major and ordered that the Warsaw ghetto (the Jewish quarter constructed by the Nazis upon the occupation of Poland, enclosed first by barbed wire and then by brick walls), be depopulated–a "total cleansing," as he described it–and the inhabitants transported to what was to become a second extermination camp constructed at the railway village of Treblinka, 62 miles northeast of Warsaw.  

Within the first seven weeks of Himmler's order, more than 250,000 Jews were taken to Treblinka by rail and gassed to death, marking the largest single act of destruction of any population group, Jewish or non-Jewish, civilian or military, in the war. Upon arrival at "T. II," as this second camp at Treblinka was called, prisoners were separated by sex, stripped, and marched into what were described as "bathhouses," but were in fact gas chambers. T. II's first commandant was Dr. Irmfried Eberl, age 32, the man who had headed up the euthanasia program of 1940 and had much experience with the gassing of victims, especially children. He compelled several hundred Ukrainian and about 1,500 Jewish prisoners to assist him. They removed gold teeth from victims before hauling the bodies to mass graves. Eberl was relieved of his duties for "inefficiency." It seems that he and his workers could not remove the corpses quickly enough, and panic was occurring within the railway cars of newly arrived prisoners.  

By the end of the war, between 700,000 and 900,000 would die at either Treblinka I or II. Hoess was tried and sentenced to death by the Nuremberg Tribunal. He was hanged in 1947. 


The legend of the Pied Piper allegedly took place on this date. This day also marked bad news generally for Jews through the ages. King Phillip the Fair ordered Jews out of France. At Polannoe, the Chmielnick massacre killed 10,000 Jews. Washington took command of American troops. Alexander MacKenzie was the first European to complete a transcontinental crossing of Canada. Wellington defeated the French at the Battle of Salmanca in Spain. Hood attacked Sherman in Atlanta, and over 3,000 Union troops were killed. The US Senate rejected President Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court. Jews from Warsaw began to be transported to Treblinka. Poland adopted a Communist constitution. Cuba nationalized all previously owned American sugar firms. the Beatles released "Introducing the Beatles". Sonny Liston knocked out Floyd Patterson in the first round for the heavyweight championship. Jimi hendrix quit as the opening act for the Monkeys. Greg LeMonde won his third Tour de France. There was a fire at the top of the Eiffel Tower. Saddam Hussein's two sons were killed on this day. This marks the two-year anniversary of the attacks in Norway, the first being the bombing of a government building in Oslo, the second, by the same man, was the massacre of youths on the relatively nearby island Utøya. 77 people are killed in massive floods in China.

Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:


 On this day in 259, St Dionysius was elected as Pope, succeeding Sixtus II. 

 On this day back in 1099 during the First Crusade, Godfrey of Bouillon was elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem. 

 The English defeated the Scots at the Battle of Falkirk on this day in 1298.  


 The famous legend of the Pied Piper playing a tune which led the rats out of town allegedly took place on this day in 1376. 

 This day also marked some bad news generally for Jews throughout the ages, beginning on this day in 1306, when King Phillip the Fair ordered the expulsion of Jews out of France. 

 On this day back in 1648 at Polannoe, the Chmielnick massacre killed 10,000 Jews. 

 Skipping ahead to many years later, things had not gotten any better for Jews, as it was on this day in 1942 in the Warsaw Ghetto that some 300,000 Jews began to be sent to the Treblinka extermination camp. 

 On this day in 1456, the Battle at Nandorfehervar (Belgrade) took place, where the Hungarian army under Janos Hunyadi defeated Sultan Murad II. 

 In 1484 on this day took place the Battle of Lochmaben Fair, where a 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, the Duke of Albany and James Douglas, the 9th Earl of Douglas, were defeated by Scottish forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland. Douglas himself was captured. 

 The "Tractate Niddah," a talmudic edition, was printed for the first time on this day in 1489. 

 On that same day in 1489, the Treaty of Frankfurt was signed between Maximilian of Austria and King Charles VIII of France. 

 On this day in 1515, the Congress of Vienna settled certain issues between Poland & Holy Roman Empire. 

 Christians captured Tunis, the capital city of modern day Tunisia, during the uprising against Adm Barbarossa on this day in 1535. 

 Willem van Orange moved from Antwerp to Delft on this day in 1582.


 It was on this day in 1587 that a second English colony was established at Roanoke Island, located just off the coast of present day North Carolina. The colony infamously vanished under mysterious circumstances which people still debate to this day. The mystery of what happened at Roanoke remains on of history's great mysteries, and it's a story that still fascinates me many years after first learning of it. 

 On this day in 1627, an English fleet under George Villiers landed on the Rhe [OS=June 12]

 In 1632 on this day, the foundation laid in Madrid for the Buen Retiro Palace for King Philip IV.

 On this day in 1648, 10,000 Jews of Polannoe were murdered in what came to be known as the Chmielnick massacre

 The city of Albany, now the capital of the state of New York, was chartered on this day in 1686. 

 In 1691 on this day the Battle at Aghrim took place, where the combined English and Dutch army defeated France.  


The flag of Brazil.

 Diamonds were discovered on this day in 1729 in Minas Geras, Brazil. 

 In 1731 on this day, Spain signed the Treaty of Vienna. 

 In 1739 on this day, the Ottomans defeated the Holy Roman Empire at Crocyka,Yugoslavia, and subsequently threatened Belgrade. 




Equestrian statue of George Washington near his headquarters at Morristown, New Jersey.

 On this day in 1775 during the American Revolutionary War of Independence, General George Washington, in his capacity as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, received reports by Captain Joshua Davis and Captain Richard Dodge regarding troop movements and supplies pertaining to the siege of Boston. Also, he began reorganizing the army into brigades and divisions. 


 On this day in 1793, Alexander MacKenzie became the first European to complete a transcontinental crossing of Canada by reaching the Pacific Ocean. 

 In 1796 on this day, the city of Cleveland, Ohio, was founded by General Moses Cleveland. 

 The USS Constitution was underway and out to sea on this day in 1798 for the first time since being launched on October 21, 1797.



 On this day in 1812, British and Portuguese troops under the Earl of Wellington (later to be known as the Duke of Wellington) defeated the French forces, led by Marshal Auguste Marmont, at the Battle of Salamanca (in French and Spanish known as the Battle of the Arapiles), south of Salamanca, Spain, during the Peninsular War. 




In 1864 on this day, Hood attacked General Sherman in the Battle of Atlanta, and over 3,000 Union troops were killed. 

On this day in 1898, the Belgica crew see the first to see sunrise at 1600 hours, and became the first to endure an Antarctic winter.

In 1901, Serbia reopened diplomatic relations with Montenegro on this day. 


Flag of the Olympics

The V modern Olympic games in Stockholm, Sweden, closed on this day in 1912.


On this day in 1917, Alexander Kerensky became the new Russian Prime Minister. 

On that same day in 1917 during the fighting in World War I, the British bombed German lines at Ypres, with 4,250,000 grenades. 

In 1933 on this day, Wiley Post ended his around-the-world flight, having amassed a rather astonishing 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes. "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger received a mortal wound by FBI agents. just outside of Chicago's Biograph Theatre on this day in 1934. On this day in 1937, the United States Senate rejected President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court. For the first time ever, a black woman judge (Jane Matilda Bolin-NYC) became a judge on this day in 1939. 




1912 - 5th Olympic games in Stockholm, Sweden closes
1916 - A bomb went off during a Preparedness Day parade in SF killing 10
1917 - Alexander Kerensky becomes Russian PM
1917 - British bomb German lines at Ypres, 4,250,000 grenades
1918 - Lightning kills 504 sheep in Utah's Wasatch National Park

1926 - 105°F (41°C), Waterbury, Connecticut (state record)
1926 - 108°F (42°C), Troy, NY (state record)

1933 - Wiley Post ended his around-the-world flight. He had traveled 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
1933 - Caterina Jarboro sings "Aida," NYC-1st negro prima donna in US
1933 - Wiley Post completes 1st round-the-world solo flight
1934 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
1935 - Lester Walton appointed minister to Liberia

1937 - Irish premier Eamon de Valera wins elections
1937 - The U.S. Senate rejected President Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court.


1st black woman judge (Jane Matilda Bolin-NYC) 1939


It was on this day in 1940 that Dutch Prime Minister De Geer met with Hitler to discuss peace terms. 

Plans for the Pentagon were first presented to the House Subcommittee on Appropriations on this day in 1941. 

On this day in 1943, American forces under General George Patton captured Palermo, Sicily, in southern Italy. 




On this day in 1944, the Soviets set up the Polish Committee of National Liberation. During the days of Communist rule, this day was the National Day of the Rebirth of Poland (Polish: Narodowe Święto Odrodzenia Polski), which was a former national holiday in the former People's Republic of Poland, and was celebrated from 1944 to 1989, commemorating the signing of the PKWN Manifesto on 22 July 1944. 


After six years in exile, King Leopold returned to Belgium on this day in 1950. 



Flag of Portugal

General Francisco Craveiro Lopes was appointed the new President of Portugal on this day in 1951, 

On this day in 1952, Poland adopted a Communist-imposed Constitution. 

In 1960 on this day, Cuba nationalized all previously owned American sugar factories. 



    

On this day in 1963, the Beatles released "Introducing the Beatles." 

On that same day in 1963, Sonny Liston knocked out Floyd Patterson in the first round for the heavyweight championship. 

Jimi Hendrix quit as the opening act for the Monkeys on this day in 1967. 

On this day in 1983, a temperature of -128.6°F (-89.2°C) was recorded at Vostok, Antarctica, which established a world record. Poland's Prime Minister Januzelski lifted martial law. On this dy in 1994, a 23rd (snce July 16th) and final part of Comet Shoemaker-Levy hit Jupiter. There was a military coup on this day in 1994 in Gambia, and President Dawda Jawara fled the country.  

In 1998 on this day, Iran tested medium-range missile, which were potentially capable of reaching Israel or Saudi Arabia.. 


In 2003 on this day, there was a fire at the top of the Eiffel Tower. 

Saddam Hussein's two sons were killed on this day in 2003 after an American strike. 



It was on this day in 2004 that the September 11 Commission's final report was released. The 575-page report ultimately concluded that hijackers exploited "deep institutional failings within our government." 

On this day in 2005, Jean Charles de Menezes was killed by police, as the hunt for the London Bombers of July 7th of that same year had begun. On this day in 2009, there was the longest total solar eclipse of the 21st century, which lasted up to 6 minutes and 38.8 seconds, and occurred over parts of Asia and the Pacific Ocean. On this day in 2011, there were twin attacks in central Oslo, the capital city of Norway. The first part of the attack was a bombing of a government building in Oslo. Then the second part of the attack was the massacre of youths on the relatively nearby island Utøya. Overall, 77 people were killed between the two attacks. The man responsible for both attacks turned out to be far-right extremist Anders Behring Breivik. On this day in 2012, a car bomb killed 20 people and injured  80 in Madaen and Najaf, Iraq. Pranab Mukherjee was elected President of India on this day in 2012. Finally, it was on this day that at least 77 people were killed after torrential rains fell in Beijing, China.


1940 - Dutch prime minister De Geer meets Hitler seeking peace talks
1940 - Jacqueline Kennedy's parents divorce
1941 - Plans for the Pentagon were presented to the House Subcommittee on Appropriations.
1942 - 4th Russian Pantser army forms with 80 tanks
1942 - Gasoline rationing using coupons begins

1942 - Warsaw Ghetto Jews (300,000) are sent to Treblinka extermination Camp

1943 - American forces led by Gen. George S. Patton captured Palermo, Sicily.

1944 - Soviets set up Polish Committee of National Liberation

1946 - Estelle Bennett, rocker (Ronettes)
1946 - Menachen Begin's opposition group surprise attack on King David hotel
1947 - -8°F (-13°C), Charlotte Pass, NSW (Australian record)
1950 - Frank Worrell completes 261 v England at Trent Bridge

1950 - King Leopold, after 6 years in exile, returns to Belgium

1951 - Gen Francisco Craveiro Lopes appointed Pres of Portugal
l
1952 - Poland adopts Communist-imposed Constitution

1954 - Virgin Islands (US) adopts constitution (Revised Organic Act)
1954 - WTHI TV channel 10 in Terre Haute, IN (CBS) begins broadcasting
1955 - U.S. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon chaired a cabinet meeting in Washington, DC. It was the first time that a Vice-President had carried out the task.
1955 - Phillies longest win streak since 1892 hits 11
1958 - US performs atmospheric nuclear Test at Bikini Island
1959 - Benjamin Britten's "Missa Brevis" in D, premieres
1959 - Earth gas found at Kolham (Slochteren) Groningen
1960 - Cuba nationalizes all US owned sugar factories
1961 - WBNB TV channel 10 in Charlotte Amaile, VI (CBS) begins broadcasting
1962 - 1st US Venus probe, Mariner 1, fails at lift-off




1963 - Beatles release "Introducing the Beatles"

1963 - Sonny Liston KOs Floyd Patterson in 1st round for heavyweight boxing title
1965 - Edward Heath succeeds Alec Douglas-Hume as leader of Brit Cons party
1965 - "Till Death Us Do Part" debuted on England’s BBC-TV.
1967 - 1st major appearance by Vanilla Fudge (Village Theater NYC)
1967 - Atlanta Braves use a record 5 pitchers in 9th inning

1967 - Jimi Hendrix quits as opening act of the Monkees' tour

1968 - Sir John Newsome recommends public schools should take 50% of their intake from the state school system

1969 - Aretha Franklin arrested for disturbing peace in Detroit
1969 - USSR launches Sputnik 50 & Molniya 1-12 communications satellite
1971 - Sudan military counter coup under premier Numeiry
1972 - 10.84" (27.53 cm) of rainfall, Fort Ripley, Mn (state 24-hr record)
1972 - Venera 8 makes soft landing on Venus

1975 - Confederate General Robert E. Lee had his U.S. citizenship restored by the U.S. Congress.
1976 - "Let My People Come" opens at Morosco Theater NYC for 106 performances
1979 - Pat Meyers wins LPGA Greater Baltimore Golf Classic
1981 - Turkish terrorist Mehmet Ali Agca sentenced in a Rome to life
1982 - Academic Text Processing Service forms in Seattle
1983 - -128.6°F (-89.2°C) recorded, Vostok, Antarctica (world record)
1983 - Angels OF Brian Downing error ends his record streak at 244 games
1983 - Dick Smith makes 1st solo helicopter flight around the world

1983 - Poland's PM Januzelski lifts martial law

1984 - Kathy Whitworth wins Rochester Golf International (her 85th win)
1984 - Laurent Fignon wins Tour de France
1986 - House of Reps impeaches Judge Harry E Claiborne on tax evasion
1987 - Said Aouita of Morocco sets 5k record (12:58.39) in Rome
1987 - Soyuz TM-3 launched with 3 cosmonauts (1 Syrian)
1987 - The U.S. began its policy of escorting re-flagged Kuwaiti tankers up and down the Persian Gulf to protect them from possible attack by Iran.
1988 - 500 US scientists pledge to boycott Pentagon germ-warfare research
1989 - Kristin Huxhold, 18, of Missouri, crowned America's Junior Miss

1991 - Jeffrey Dahmer confesses to killing 17 males in 1978
1992 - Colombia drug baron Pablo Escobar escapes prison
1992 - Soyuz TM-15 launches
1993 - NY Yankee Don Mattingly hits his 200th HR
1993 - Soyuz TM-17 lands
1994 - 23rd & last part of Comet Shoemaker-Levy hit Jupiter (since July 16th)
1994 - Doc Gooden admitted to Betty Ford Center
1994 - Mariners play Red Sox as home team at Fenway, as Kingdome is repaired
1994 - Military coup in Gambia: Pres Dawda Jawara flees
1994 - OJ Simpson pleads "Absolutely 100% Not Guilty" of murder
1994 - William Sigei runs world record 10k (26:52.53)
1995 - Space shuttle STS-70 (Discovery 20), lands
1995 - Susan Smith found guilty of drowning her 2 children in SC
1997 - Fire breaks out at Palais de Chaillot in Paris
1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
1998 - Iran tested medium-range missile, capable of reaching Israel or Saudi Arabia.
2000 - Astronomers at the University of Arizona announced that they had found a 17th moon orbiting Jupiter.
2002 - Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas's military arm, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians.
2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.

2003 - In Paris, France, a fire broke out near the top of the Eiffel Tower. About 4,000 visitors were evacuated and no injuries were reported.

2004 - The September 11 commission's final report was released. The 575-page report concluded that hijackers exploited "deep institutional failings within our government." The report was released to White House officials the day before.

2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers. See 7 July 2005 London bombings and 21 July 2005 London bombings
2009 - The longest total solar eclipse of the 21st century, lasting up to 6 minutes and 38.8 seconds, occurred over parts of Asia and the Pacific Ocean.
2011 - Norway is the victim of twin terror attacks, the first being a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo, the second being a massacre at a youth camp on the island of Utøya.
2012 - Car bombs kills 20 people and injures 80 in Madaen and Najaf, Iraq
2012 - Pranab Mukherjee is elected President of India
2012 - At least 77 people are killed by torrential rain in Beijing, China








The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:

http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php

http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/jul22.htm

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history

http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory

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