Once again, it should be reiterated, that this does not pretend to be a very extensive history of what happened on this day (nor is it the most original - the links can be found down below). If you know something that I am missing, by all means, shoot me an email or leave a comment, and let me know!
On this day in 771, King Carloman, the King of the Franks, died. That left his older brother Charlemagne, to follow as the sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. In 1783 on this day, General George Washington gave a speech at Fraunce's Tavern in New York City to bid his officers a farewell. Britain's Observer, the oldest Sunday newspaper in the world, was first published on this day in 1791. On this day in 1851, French President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's forces crushed an attempted coup d'etat in France. Later, he would be known as Emperor Napoleon III. In 1917 on this day during World War I, there was a psychiatric reporting on the phenomenon of shell shock. Polish Christians came to the aid of Polish Jews on this day in 1942. In 1945 on this day, the American Senate approved U.S. participation in the United Nations. On this day in 1981 during the days of white minority rule during apartheid in South Africa, the official homeland known as Ciskei gained a measure of independence. However, it was not recognized as an independent country by any government outside of South Africa. In 2003 on this day, Interpol put Charles Taylor, the former President of Liberia, on its most-wanted list as a war criminal.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
Statue of Charlemagne in front of Notre Dame Cathdral in Paris
Pictures of the statue of Charlemagne outside of the Notre Dame de Paris
• 771 - King Carloman joint King of the Franks, dies, leaving his older brother Charlemagne, sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom.
• 1110 - Syrian harbor city Saida (Sidon) surrenders to Crusaders
• 1154 - Pope Hadrian IV elected Pope. The only Englishman to become pontiff, Nicholas Breakspear was a member of the family which until recent years brewed beer in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire.
• 1197 - Crusaders wound Rabbi Elezar ben Judah
• 1259 - Treaty of Paris: English king Henry III & French king Louis IX
• 1489 - Battle of Baza - Spanish army captures Baza from Moors
• 1534 - Turkish sultan Suleiman occupies Baghdad
• 1563 - Council of Trent holds last session, after 18 years
• 1619 - 38 colonists from Berkeley Parish in England disembark in Virginia and give thanks to God. Considered by many as the first Thanksgiving in the Americas.
• 1644 - 1st European peace congress opens in Munster
• 1655 - Middelburg Neth forbids building of synagogue
• 1665 - Jean Racine's "Alexandre le Grand" premieres in Paris
• 1674 - Father Marquette builds 1st dwelling in what is now Chicago
• 1676 - Battle of Lund: A Danish army under the command of King Christian V of Denmark engages the Swedish army commanded by Field Marshal Simon Grundel-Helmfelt.
• 1680 - Hen in Rome lays an egg imprinted with comet not seen until Dec 16th
• 1682 - 1st General Assembly in Pennsylvania (Chester)
• 1688 - General John Churchill (later 1st Duke of Marlborough) changes allegiance from James II to William of Orange
• 1691 - Emperor Leopold I takes control of Transsylvania
• 1691 - Spanish king Carlos II names Maximilian II viceroy of S Netherlands
Holy Roman Emperor CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor Charlemagne
• 1745 - Bonnie Prince Charles reaches Derby
Statue of George Washington in Paramus, NJ (above) and in Morristown, NJ (Below)
• 1783 - Gen Washington bids officers farewell at Fraunce's Tavern, NYC
• 1791 - Britain's Observer, oldest Sunday newspaper in the world, 1st published
• 1798 - Rebellious Flemish farmers occupy Hasselt
• 1812 - Peter Gaillard of Lancaster, Pa patents a horse-drawn mower
• 1816 - James Monroe (VA), elected 5th pres, defeating Federalist Rufus King
• 1829 - Britain abolished "suttee" in India (widow burning herself to death on her husband's funeral pyre
• 1832 - French army begins bombing citadel of Antwerp
• 1833 - American Anti-Slavery Society formed by Arthur Tappan in Phila
1836 - Whig party holds its 1st national convention, Harrisburg, Pa
1843 - Manila paper (made from sails, canvas & rope) patented, Mass
1843 - Robert Schumann's "Das Paradies und die Peri" premieres in Leipzig
1844 - James K Polk elected 11th president of USA
Painting of Napoleon III (also known as Louis Napoleon), which hangs in the Napoleon III Apartment in the Louvre Museum, Paris, France
• The forces of French President Charles Louis Napoleon (often better known simply as Napoleon III) crushed an attempted coup d'état in France on this day in 1851.
• 1863 - Storm flood ravages Netherlands coastal provinces
• 1864 - Battle of Waynesborough (Brier Creek) GA
• 1864 - Romanian Jews are forbidden to practice law
1867 - Former Minnesota farmer Oliver Hudson Kelley founds the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry (better known today as the Grange).
1875 - William Marcy "Boss" Tweed (NYC-Tammany Hall) escapes from jail
• 1881 - The first edition of the Los Angeles Times is published.
• 1889 - Stanley's expedition reaches Bagamoyo in Indian Ocean
1899 - 56th Congress (1899-1901) convenes
1899 - Webb Hayes, son of pres Rutherford Hayes, receives medal of honor
1901 - Anne Russell's 'Girl and the judge' premieres in NYC
1905 - British government of Balfour resigns
1906 - Alpha Phi Alpha, 1st Black Greek Letter Fraternity, forms
• 1908 - Haiti's president General Alexis Nord flees from military coup
1909 - 1st CFL Grey Cup: University of Toronto defeats Toronto Parkdale, 26-6
1914 - Walter Johnson accepts money from Federal League Chicago Whales Clark Griffith threatens to take Johnson to court
1915 - F F Fletcher is 1st admiral to receive Congressional Medal of Honor
• 1915 - Ku Klux Klan receives charter from Fulton County Ga
1915 - Panama Pacific International Exposition opens
• 1918 - Pres Wilson sails for Versailles Peace Conference in France, 1st chief executive to travel outside US while in office
1920 - 1st Pro football playoff game Buffalo-7, Canton-3 at Polo Grounds
1920 - 8th CFL Grey Cup: U of Toronto defeats Toronto Argonauts, 16-3
1921 - The Virginia Rappe manslaughter trial against Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle ends in a hung jury.
• 1922 - Lucille Atcherson, becomes 1st woman legation sect-US foreign service
1923 - Cecil B DeMille's 1st version of "Ten Commandments" premieres
1923 - WEAF radio begins broadcasting Eveready Hour (variety show)
1926 - 14th CFL Grey Cup: Ottawa Senators defeats U of Toronto, 10-7
1927 - Dmitri Shostakovitch's 2nd Symphony premieres in Moscow
Jazz-orchestra leader, Composer, Pianist Duke EllingtonJazz-orchestra leader, Composer, Pianist Duke Ellington 1927 - Duke Ellington opens at Cotton Club in Harlem
1927 - Pirates Paul Waner wins NL MVP
1928 - Walter Donaldson & Gus Kahn's musical "Whoopee" premieres in NYC
• 1930 - French government of Tardieu falls
• 1930 - Vatican approves rhythm method for birth control
• 1931 - "Frankenstein" opens at Mayfair
Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial in Washington, D.C.
• 1933 - FDR creates Federal Alcohol Control Administration
1933 - Jack Kirkland's "Tobacco Road" premieres in NYC
1935 - 1,200 at St Joseph's College (Phila) enroll in anticommunism class
• 1941 - Nazi ordinances places Jews of Poland outside protection of courts
• 1942 - 1st US citizenship granted an alien on foreign soil (James Hoey)
• 1942 - FDR orders dismantling of Works Progress Administration
• 1942 - US bombers struck Italian mainland for 1st time in WW II
• 1942 - Works Progress Administration liquidated
• 1942 - Holocaust: In Warsaw, Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Wanda Filipowicz set up the Żegota organization.
Statue of soldier, author and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Parliament Square, London
1943 - -Dec 6] 2nd conference of Cairo: FDR, Churchill& amp; Turkish pres Inonu
• 1943 - Commissioner Landis announces any baseball club may sign Negroes
• 1943 - Yugoslavian resistance forms provisionary government under Dr Ribar
1944 - Germans destroy Rhine dikes, Betuwe flooded
1945 - 11th Heisman Trophy Award: Doc Blanchard, Army (FB)
Flag of the United Nations
• 1945 - Senate approves US participation in UN
1947 - USSR joins Intl Amateur Athletic Union
1948 - "Magdalena" closes at Ziegfeld Theater NYC after 48 performances
1948 - SS Kiangya hits mine in Whangpoo River China, sinks killing 2,750 die
1949 - Bob Gage ties NFL record of a 97 yard touchdown run
1951 - Copland/Robbins' "Pied Piper" premieres in NYC
• 1951 - Superheated gasses roll down Mount Catarman (Philippines), kills 500
• 1951 - Mir Waiz Maulvi Muhammad Yusouf is appointed President of Azad Kashmir Government.
• 1952 - Killer fogs begin in London England, "Smog" becomes a word
1952 - Walter P Reuther chosen chairman of CIO
1954 - "Hit the Trail" closes at Mark Hellinger Theater NYC after 4 perfs
1954 - "On Your Toes" closes at 46th St Theater NYC after 64 performances
• 1954 - The first Burger King is opened in Miami, Florida, USA
1955 - Mgr Alfrink installed as Archbishop of Utrecht
1956 - 22nd Heisman Trophy Award: Paul Hornung, Notre Dame (QB)
1957 - 1st edition of "Chase's Annual Events" published
1957 - 2 commuter trains collide in heavy fog killing 92 (St John's, England)
• 1958 - Dahomey (Benin), Ivory Coast become autonomous within French Community
1958 - Finnish government of Fagerholm resigns
1961 - Floyd Patterson KOs Tom McNeeley in 4 for heavyweight boxing title
1961 - Museum of Modern Art hangs Matisse's Le Bateau upside down for 47 days
1961 - Smallest NY Knick, 49th St Madison Square Garden crowd-1,300 (snowstorm)
1961 - Tanganyika becomes 104th member of UN
1961 - WXGA TV channel 8 in Waycross, GA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1961 - The female contraceptive 'pill' becomes available on the National Health Service in Britain
1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1963 - Aldo Moro forms Italian government (1963-1968)
1963 - Pope Paul VI closes 2nd session of 2nd Vatican Council
1964 - Baseball approves a free-agent draft
• 1964 - Beatles release "Beatles For Sale" album
1964 - Commissioner's office given full powers in baseball disputes
1964 - Test Cricket debut of Ian Chappell, v Pakistan MCG, 11, 0-49, 0-31
1965 - "Roar of the Greasepaint" closes at Shubert NYC after 232 perfs
1965 - 2 passenger planes collide above Danbury, Conn, 4 die
1965 - 2nd NY Knick game postponed (due to death of opponent 76ers' owner)
• 1965 - Gemini 7 (Borman & Lovell) launched
1965 - SF Giant Masanori Murakami, 4-1 this year, does not renew his contract signing instead with the Nankai Hawks of Osaka for $40,000
1966 - KETS TV channel 2 in Little Rock, AR (PBS) begins broadcasting
1966 - Sandra Haynie wins LPGA Pensacola Ladies Golf Invitational
Italian Prime Minister Aldo MoroItalian Prime Minister Aldo Moro
• 1970 - Unemployment in US increases to 5.8%
• 1971 - The UN Security Council calls an emergency session to consider the deteriorating situation between India and Pakistan.
1971 - The Indian Navy attacks the Pakistan Navy and Karachi.
• 1973 - Pioneer 10 reaches Jupiter
• 1974 - Dutch DC-8 charter crashes in Sri Lanka killing 191 Moslem pilgrims
• 1974 - Jean-Paul Sartre visits Red Army Faction leader Andreas Baader in prison
• 1975 - 6 South Molukkans occupy Indonesian consulate in The Hague, 1 dead
• 1977 - Jean-Bedel Bokassa crowns himself ruler of Central African Empire
1977 - NFL's 5,000th game, Cincinnati beats KC 27-7
1977 - Neil Simon's "Chapter Two" premieres in NYC
1978 - Dianne Feinstein is named SF 1st female mayor
1978 - Dutch war criminal Pieter Menten freed
• 1978 - Pioneer Venus 1 goes into orbit around Venus
1979 - Cleveland Cavaliers retire jersey # 7, Bingo Smith
Writer Jean-Paul SartreWriter Jean-Paul Sartre
• 1980 - 2 months after death of drummer John Bonham, Led Zeppelin breaks up
1980 - Islanders end 15 game undefeated streak (13-0-2) (Col Rockies)
1981 - "Falcon Crest" premieres on CBS-TV
1981 - Reagan Executive Order on Intelligence (No 12333) that allows CIA to engage in domestic counter-intelligence
Flag of South Africa during the apartheid era
• 1981 - According to South Africa, Ciskei gains independence Not recognized as an independent country outside South Africa
The flag of the People's Republic of China
• 1982 - China adopts its constitution
• 1982 - Police & racist demonstrators clash in Antwerp
• 1983 - US jet fighters strike Syrian anti-aircraft positions in Lebanon
• 1984 - Hijackers commandeered a Kuwaiti airliner
• 1984 - Hezbollah militants hijack a Kuwait Airlines plane, killing four passengers.
• 1985 - "Les Miserables" opens at Palace Theatre, London
• 1985 - French President Mitterrand receives Polish leader Jaruzelski
• 1985 - President Reagan appoints Vice Adm John Poindexter as security adviser
• 1986 - NASA launches Fltsatcom-7
1986 - Neil Simon's "Broadway Bound" premieres in NYC
1987 - Karlstad skates world record 10 km (13:48.51)
1988 - Actor Gary Busey critically injured in motorcycle crash
1988 - Amy Benz/John Huston wins LPGA J C Penney Golf Classic
1988 - Orioles trade veteran 1B Eddie Murray to the Dodgers
1988 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1990 - Due to Persian Gulf crisis gas hits $1.60 per gallon price in NYC
• 1990 - Iraq announces it will release all 3,300 Soviet hostages
1991 - Judds final concert (Nashville)
1991 - Muslim Shites release last US hostage Terry Anderson (held 6½ years)
• 1991 - Pan American World Airways ceased operations
• 1991 - Patricia Bowman testifies that William Kennedy Smith raped her
• 1992 - Somali Civil War: President George H. W. Bush orders 28,000 US troops to Somalia in Northeast Africa.
1993 - Dan Jansen skates world record 500m (35.92 sec)
1993 - Johann Koss skates world record 5K (6:35.53)
• 1993 - A truce is concluded between the government of Angola and UNITA rebels.
1994 - "Angels in America-Perestroika" closes at W Kerr NYC after 216 perfs
1994 - "Angels in America-Millennium Approach" closes at Kerr after 367 perfs
1994 - 83rd Davis Cup: Sweden beats Russia in Moscow (4-1)
1994 - Marta Figueras-Dottie/Brad Bryant wins LPGA J C Penney Golf Classic
1995 - Atherton (185*) bats for 643 minutes to save Johannesburg Test
1996 - 7th Billboard Music Awards
1996 - NASA's 1st Mars rover launched from Cape Canaveral
1996 - Orlando Magic tie NBA record of fewest ponts scored since inception of 24 second clock losing to Cleveland Cavalier, 84-57
1997 - "Diary of Anne Frank" opens at Music Box Theater NYC
1997 - NBA suspends Latrell Sprewell for 1 year for attacking his coach
• 1998 - The Unity Module, the second module of the International Space Station, is launched.
• 2005 - Tens of thousands of people in Hong Kong protest for democracy and call on the Government to allow universal and equal suffrage.
• 2006 - An adult giant squid is caught on video by Kubodera near the Ogasawara Islands, 1,000 km (620 miles) south of Tokyo.
• 2012 - 29 people are killed by a mortar attack in Bteeha, Syria
• 2012 - Typhoon Bopha makes landfall in the Philippines killing at least 81 people
1783 - Gen. George Washington said farewell to his officers at Fraunces Tavern in New York. 1791 - Britain's Observer newspaper was first published. 1812 - Peter Gaillard patented the power mower. 1867 - The National Grange of Husbandry was founded. 1875 - William Marcy Tweed, the "Boss" of New York City's Tammany Hall political organization, escaped from jail and fled from the U.S. 1918 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson set sail for France to attend the Versailles Peace Conference. Wilson became the first chief executive to travel to Europe while in office. 1942 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered the dismantling of the Works Progress Administration. The program had been created in order to provide jobs during the Great Depression. 1942 - U.S. bombers attacked the Italian mainland for the first time during World War II. 1943 - Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis announced that any club was free to employ black players. 1945 - The U.S. Senate approved American participation in the United Nations. 1965 - The U.S. launched Gemini 7 with Air Force Lt. Col. Frank Borman and Navy Comdr. James A. Lovell on board. 1973 - Pioneer 10 reached Jupiter. 1977 - Jean-Bedel Bokassa, ruler of the Central African Empire, crowned himself emperor in a ceremony believed to have cost more than $100 million. He was deposed 2 years later. 1978 - Dianne Feinstein became San Francisco's first woman mayor when she was named to replace George Moscone, who had been murdered. 1979 - For the second time, the United Nations Security Council voted unanimously to urge Iran to free American hostages that had been taken on November 4. 1980 - The bodies of four American nuns slain in El Salvador two days earlier were unearthed. Five national guardsmen were later convicted of the murders. 1983 - U.S. jet fighters struck Syrian anti-aircraft positions in Lebanon in retaliation for attacks directed at American reconnaissance planes. Navy Lt. Robert O. Goodman Jr. was shot down and captured by Syria. 1984 - A five-day hijack drama began as four men seized a Kuwaiti airliner en route to Pakistan and forced it to land in Tehran. Two American passengers were killed by the hijackers. 1986 - Both U.S. houses of Congress moved to establish special committees to conduct their own investigations of the Iran-Contra affair. 1987 - Cuban inmates at a federal prison in Atlanta freed their 89 hostages, peacefully ending an 11-day uprising. 1988 - The government of Argentina announced that hundreds of heavily armed soldiers had ended a four-day military revolt. 1990 - Iraq promised to release 3,300 Soviet citizens it was holding. 1991 - Associated Press correspondent Terry Anderson was released after nearly seven years in captivity in Lebanon. 1991 - Pan American World Airways ceased operations. 1992 - U.S. President George H.W. Bush ordered American troops to lead a mercy mission to Somalia. 1993 - The Angolan government and its UNITA guerrilla foes formally adopted terms for a truce. The conflict was killing an estimated 1,000 people per day. 1994 - Bosnian Serbs released 53 out of about 400 UN peacekeepers they were holding as insurance against further NATO airstrikes. 1997 - The play revival "The Diary of Anne Frank" opened. 1997 - The National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended Latrell Sprewell of the Golden State Warriors for one year for choking and threatening to kill his coach, P.J. Carlesimo. 2000 - O.J. Simpson was involved in an incident with another motorist in Miami, FL. Simpson was accused of scratching the other motorists face while pulling off the man's glasses. 2001 - O.J. Simpson's home in Florida was raided by the FBI in an ongoing two year international investigation into drug trafficking, satellite service pilfering and money laundering. Some satellite equipment was taken from Simpson's home and no drugs were found.
1783 George Washington delivered his farewell address to his officers at Fraunces Tavern in New York City. 1816 James Monroe of Virginia was elected (by electors) the fifth president of the United States. 1875 William Marcy "Boss" Tweed of New York's Tammany Hall escaped from jail and fled the country. 1945 The Senate approved U.S. participation in the United Nations. 1978 Dianne Feinstein became San Francisco's first female mayor. 1991 Associated Press correspondent Terry Anderson is released after seven years as a hostage in Lebanon. 1993 Rock musician and composer Frank Zappa died at age 52. 2003 Interpol put the former president of Liberia, Charles Taylor, on its most-wanted list.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/dec04.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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