On this day in 43 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero (b. 106 BC), Roman orator and politician, was assassinated. In 1787 on this day in the United States, Delaware became the first state to ratify the Constitution. On this day in 1940 during World War II, a North Africa: British counter offensive in northern Africa, a mobile armoured force of 36,000 under Lieutenant-General Richard O'Connor outflanked the Italians at Beda Fomm and pursued them 840km (500 miles) back to Libya. This day in 1941 was "a date which will live in infamy" according to American President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after the Japanese attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Ivory Coast proclaimed independence from France on this day in 1960. In 1967 on this day, Otis Redding recorded "Sittin' on the Dock of the Bay". On this day in 1970, more than a quarter of a century after the end of World War II, West Germany & Poland normalized relations. Indonesia invaded East Timor on this day in 1975. In 1976 on this day, the UN Security Council endorsed Kurt Waldheim to be Secretary-General for a second 5 yearr term. Waldheim would later become President of Austria, but would become a highly controversial figure after evidence that he had not only fought in the Nazi German army, but may have been present and a part of war crimes and human rights abuses. Waldheim and his supporters denied this right to the end of his life in 2007. On this day in 1987 during the tail end of the Cold War, Soviet Premiere Mikhail Gorbachev arrived in the United States for a summit with American President Ronald Reagan. Taliban forces fled from Kandahar, their last stronghold in Afghanistan at that time, on this day in 2001. On this day in 2002 in Amsterdam, Netherlands, two Van Gogh paintings were stolen from the Van Gogh Museum. The two works were "View of the Sea st Scheveningen" and "Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church in Nuenen." On July 26, 2004, two men were convicted for the crime and were sentenced to at least four years in prison each. On this day in 2002 in Mymensingh, Bangladesh, four movie theaters were bombed within 30 minutes of each other. At least 15 people were killed and over 200 injured as a result of the terrorist attack. In 2002 on this day, Iraq formally declared to the United Nations that it had no Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD's). In 2004 on this day, Hamid Karzai was sworn in as Afghanistan's first popularly elected president.
Here's a more detailed look at events that transpired on this date throughout history:
• 43 BCE - Marcus Tullius Cicero (b. 106 BC), Roman orator and politician assassinated.
• 185 - Emperor Lo-Yang, China sees supernova (MSH15-52)
• 1354 - Margaretha van Bavarian's son earl Willem V signs peace treaty
• 1696 - Connecticut Route 108, one of the oldest highways in the U.S. is completed to Trumbull.
• 1724 - Tumult of Thorn - religious unrest was followed by the execution of nine Protestant citizens and the mayor of Thorn (Toruń) by Polish authorities.
• 1732 - The original Covent Garden Theatre Royal (now the Royal Opera House) was opened. 1732 - The Royal Opera House opens at Covent Garden, London.
• 1741 - Elisabeth Petrovna becomes tsarina of Russia
• 1783 - Theatre Royal opens in Covent Garden, London
• 1783 - William Pitt Jr (24) becomes British Premier
• Delaware officially became the first state to ratify the Constitution on this day in 1787, thus becoming the first state of the United States.1787 - Delaware became the first state to ratify the U.S. constitution becoming the first of the United States.
• 1796 - John Adams was elected to be the second president of the United States.
• 1808 - James Madison elected 4th US President and George Clinton Vice-President
• 1835 - German railway Neurenberg-Furth opens
• 1836 - Martin Van Buren elected 8th president
• 1842 - NY Philharmonic's 1st concert 1862 - Battle of Hartsville, TN
• 1862 - Battle of Prairie Grove, AR
• 1864 - Skirmish at Ebenezer Creek/Cypress Swamp, Georgia
• 1868 - Jesse James gang robs bank in Gallatin Missouri, kills 1
• 1872 - HMS Challenger sets sail on 3½ year world oceanographic cruise Outlaw Jesse JamesOutlaw Jesse James
• 1875 - Natives Sons of the West organized 1876 - NY Mutuals & Phila A's expelled from NL for not completing sked
• 1877 - Thomas A Edison demonstrates the gramophone 1885 - 49th Congress (1885-87) convenes 1889 - Gilbert & Sullivans "Gondoliers" premieres in London 1891 - 52nd Congress (1st to appropriate $1 billion) holds 1st session
• 1895 - Battle at Amba Alagi: Abyssinians beat Italian armies
• 1900 - Max Planck, in his house at Grunewald, on the outskirts of Berlin, discovers the law of black body emission. 1907 - Eugene Corri becomes 1st referee in a boxing ring 1909 - Leo Baekeland, Yonkers, patents 1st thermosetting plastic (Bakelite) 1911 - Leslie J Stuarts musical "Betsy" premieres in NYC 1911 - Natl Hockey Association forms with New Westminster, Vancouver & Victoria 1912 - Bust of Queen Nefertete found in El-Amarna, Egypt
• 1916 - British government of David Lloyd George forms
1916 - David Lloyd George replaces resigning H H Asquith as British PM
• 1917 - US becomes 13th country to declare war on Austria during World War I
• 1920 - NSW make 802 against South Australia, then Mailey takes 8-81 1920 - USPD-KPD parties merge into Vereinigte Communist Party of Germany 1921 - KWG-AM in Stockton CA begins radio transmissions
• 1924 - German election (Social Democrats win, Nazis & Communists lose) 1925 - Biltmore Theater opens at 261 W 47th St NYC 1925 - Noel Coward's "Easy Virtue" premieres in NYC
• 1926 - Gas refrigerator patented 1929 - Bradman scores 124 for Woodfull's XI against Ryder's XI 166 mins 1929 - Leo Diegel wins PGA golf tournament 1930 - 13th PGA Championship: Tommy Armour at Fresh Meadows CC Flushing 1931 - Bradman scores 219 NSW v South Africa, 234 mins, 15 fours
• 1932 - 1st gyro-stabilized vessel to cross Atlantic arrives in NY 1934 - Wiley Post discovers jet stream 1935 - CFL Grey Cup: Winnipeg Blue Bombers beat Ham Tigers, 18-12 at Hamilton 1937 - Dutch Minister Romme proclaims married women are forbidden to work Baseball Player Ted WilliamsBaseball Player Ted Williams 1937 - Red Sox acquire the contract of 19-year-old Ted Williams 1937 - Russian chess player Alekhine recaptures world title from Max Euwe 1938 - Philip Barry's "Here Come the Clowns" premieres in NYC 1938 - W9XZY broadcasts facsimile of St Louis Post-Dispatch by radio 1939 - Lou Gehrig, 36, is elected to Baseball's Hall of Fame 1939 - William Walton's violinist concert premieres in Cleveland 1940 - 28th CFL Grey Cup (Game 2): Toronto Balmy Beach defeats Ottawa, 12-5
• 1940 - North Africa: British counter offensive under general O'Connor 1940 - The first prototype Fairey Barracuda flew
• 1941 - Australian bombers land on Timor/Ambon
• 1941 - Futshida's air fleet passes coastline of Oahu
• 1941 - German siege of Tobruk after 8 months ends
• This day in 1941 has come to be known as the "Day of Infamy", as then American President Franklin D. Roosevelt described it, after the Japanese attack on the Pearl Harbor Naval Base, Hawaii, drew the United States into World War II.
• 1941 - Nacht & Nebel Erlass, resistance fighter sent to concentration camps
• 1941 - 1st Japanese midget submarine (No. 20) attacked by a US ship (USS Ward)
Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial in Washington, D.C.
• On this day in 1943 during World War II, American President Franklin D. Roosevelt left Cairo and traveled back to the United States.
1944 - Convention on International Civil Aviation drawn up in Chicago 1944 - General Radescu forms Romanian government 1945 - Microwave oven patented 1946 - Fire at Winecoff Hotel in Atlanta, kills 119 1949 - 15th Heisman Trophy Award: Leon Hart, Notre Dame (E)
• 1949 - Chiang Kai-shek flees to Taiwan
• 1953 - Israel's PM Ben-Gurion retires 1953 - WCCB TV channel 18 in Charlotte, NC (IND/ABC) begins broadcasting 1954 - Japanese government of Joshida resigns 1954 - KCTS TV channel 9 in Seattle, WA (PBS) begins broadcasting 1956 - Helen O'Connell joins Today Show panel 1957 - Tony Kubek of the Yanks selected as AL Rookie of the Year
• 1958 - Romulo Betancourt elected pres of Venezuela 1959 - "Saratoga" opens at Winter Garden Theater NYC for 80 performances
• 1960 - Ivory Coast claims independence from France 1962 - Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
• 1964 - George Harrison changes his company's name from Mornyork to Harrisongs 1965 - Pope Paul VI & Orthodox Patriarch Athenagoras I simultaneously lift mutual excommunications that led to split of 2 churches in 1054 1966 - A fire at an army barracks in Erzurum, Turkey kills 68 people. 1967 - "How Now, Dow Jones" opens at Lunt Fontanne Theater NYC for 220 perfs 1967 - Otis Redding records "Sittin' on the Dock of the Bay" 1968 - M Dodd returns a library books his Great grandfather took out in 1923
• 1968 - Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2 launched into Earth orbit
• 1968 - Richard Dodd returns a library book his great grandad took out in 1823
• 1970 - Taizan Maezumi Roshi, head of LA Zen Center, receives dharma
• 1970 - West Germany & Poland normalize relations 1971 - "Wild & Wonderful" opens/closes at Lyceum Theater NYC 1971 - Wings release their 1st album "Wild Life"
• 1972 - Apollo 17 (US), final manned lunar landing mission, launched 1972 - Philippine's 1st lady Imelda Marcos stabbed & wounded by an assailant 1973 - Orioles sell pitcher Eddie Watt to the Phillies 1973 - Phillies sell infielder-outfielder Cesar Tovar to the Texas Rangers 1973 - Wings release "Band on the Run" 1975 - 10th Islander shut-out opponent-Glenn Resch 3-0 vs Sabres
• 1975 - Archbishop Makarios returns Cyprus
• On this day in 1975, Indonesia invaded East Timor, leading to what would eventually be a 25-year occupation.
• In 1976 on this day, the UN Security Council endorsed Kurt Waldheim to be Secretary-General for a second 5-year term. Waldheim would later become President of Austria but would become a highly controversial figure after evidence comes out that he had not only fought in the Nazi German army during World War II, but may have been present and a part of war crimes and human rights abuses. Waldheim and his supporters denied this right to the end of his life in 2007.
• In 1980 on this day, General Antonio Ramlho Eanes was reelected President of Portugal. His right-wing opposition had been thrown into disarray by the death of Premier Francisco Sa Carneiro in a plane crash.
• 1981 - Spain becomes a member of the NATO
• 1982 - Suriname army under Desi Bouterse fires on radio station building 1982 - In Texas, Charles Brooks, Jr. becomes the first person to be executed by lethal injection in the US. 1983 - 2 jets collided at Madrid Airport killing 93 1983 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
• 1985 - Atlantis returns to Kennedy Space Center via Kelly AFB
• 1986 - Pres Jean-Claude Duvalier flees Haiti 1987 - 43 die in Pacific Southwest Airline crash in California (man shot pilots)
• 1987 - Gorbachev arrives in US for a summit meeting
• 1987 - Palestinian uprising against Israel in West Bank
• 1988 - 6.9 earthquake in Spitak, Armenia (>25,000 killed, 5,000,000 homeless)
• 1988 - Gorbachev announces 10% unilateral Soviet troop reductions at UN General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Mikhail GorbachevGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev
• 1988 - Mikhail Gorbachev cheered by Wall St crowds upon arrival in NYC 1988 - NY Islanders fire Simpson, Arbour new coach 1988 - Rangers sign free-agent pitcher Nolan Ryan to a one-year contract 1989 - C Coleman & D Zippel's musical "City of Angels" premieres in NYC
• 1990 - Iraqi parliament endorses Saddam Hussein's decision to free hostages
• 1992 - Galileo spacecraft passes North Pole of Moon (Peary Crater)
• 1993 - Henri Konan Bedie names himself President of Ivory coast
1993 - Robert Goulet undergoes prostate cancer surgery
1993 - The Long Island Rail Road massacre: Passenger Colin Ferguson murders six people and injures 19 others on the LIRR in Nassau County, New York.
1993 - Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders suggested that the U.S. government study the impact of drug legalization.
1994 - 5th Billboard Music Awards 1994 - Radio personality Howard Stern talks a man out of attempting suicide 1995 - NBA settles strike of referees, refs to return on Dec 12
• 1995 - US space probe Galileo begins orbiting Jupiter 1995 - A probe sent from the Galileo spacecraft entered into Jupiter's atmosphere. The probe sent back data to the mothership before it was presumably destroyed.
• In 1996 on this day, the Space Shuttle STS 80 (Columbia 21) returned from the longest-ever shuttle flight of 17 days, 15 hours and 54 minutes.
• 1998 - The U.N. evacuated 14 peacekeepers that were trapped by fighting between army and rebel forces in central Angola.
1999 - The RIAA files a lawsuit against the Napster file-sharing client, on charges of copyright infringement.
• 2003 - The Conservative Party of Canada is officially recognized after the merger of the Canadian Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. 2005 - Rigoberto Alpizar, a passenger on American Airlines Flight 924 who allegedly claimed to have a bomb, is shot and killed by a team of US federal air marshals at Miami International Airport. 2006 - A tornado struck Kensal Green, North West London, seriously damaging around 150 properties. 2007 - The Hebei Spirit oil spill began in South Korea after a crane barge being towed by tug collided with the very large crude carrier, Hebei Spirit.
1836 - Martin Van Buren was elected the eighth president of the United States. 1889 - The first of 554 performances of "The Gondoliers" took place. 1907 - At London's National Sporting Club, Eugene Corri became the first referee to officiate from inside a boxing ring. 1925 - Swimmer Johnny Weissmuller set a world record in the 150-yard freestyle with a time of 1 minute, 25 and 2/5 seconds. He went on to play "Tarzan" in several movies. 1926 - The gas operated refrigerator was patented by The Electrolux Servel Corporation.
1941 - Pearl Harbor, located on the Hawaiian island of Oahu was attacked by nearly 200 Japanese warplanes. The attack resulted in the U.S. entering into World War II. 1946 - A fire at the Winecoff Hotel in Atlanta killed 119 people. It was America's worst hotel fire disaster. The hotel founder, W. Frank Winecoff, was also killed in the fire. 1971 - Libya announced the nationalization of British Petroleum's assets. 1972 - Apollo 17 was launched at Cape Canaveral. It was the last U.S. moon mission. 1972 - Imelda Marcos, wife of Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos, was stabbed and seriously wounded by an assailant. The man was then shot and killed by her bodyguards. 1974 - President Makarios returned to Cyprus after five months in exile. 1982 - Charlie Brooks Junior, a convicted murderer, became the first prisoner in the U.S. to be executed by injection, at a prison in Huntsville, TX. 1983 - Madrid, Spain, an Aviaco DC-9 collided on a runway with an Iberia Air Lines Boeing 727 that was accelerating for takeoff. The collision resulted in the death of all 42 people aboard the DC-9 and 51 on the Iberia jet. 1987 - Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev set foot on American soil for the first time. He had come to the U.S. for a Washington summit with U.S. President Reagan. 1987 - 43 people were killed when a gunman opened fire on a fellow passenger and the two pilots aboard a Pacific Southwest Airlines jetliner. 1988 - An estimated 25,000 people were killed when a major earthquake hit northern Armenia in the Soviet Union. The quake measured 6.9 on the Richter Scale.
1988 - Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev announced the reduction of the number of Soviet military troops by half a million.
1989 - East Germany's Communist Party agreed to cooperate with the plan for free elections and a revised constitution.
The following links are to web sites that were used to complete this blog entry:
http://www.historyorb.com/today/events.php
http://on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/dec07.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
http://www.infoplease.com/dayinhistory
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